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Articles 1 - 5 of 5
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Plant Metabolic Pathways And Regulatory Networks For Aromatic Amino Acids And Hormones, Cynthia Holland
Plant Metabolic Pathways And Regulatory Networks For Aromatic Amino Acids And Hormones, Cynthia Holland
Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Unlike humans and other metazoans, organisms such as fungi, bacteria, and plants have retained the enzymatic machinery necessary to synthesize their aromatic amino acids de novo. Chorismate, the final product of the shikimate pathway, is the precursor to the three aromatic amino acidsѠtryptophan, tyrosine, and phenylalanineѠand is upstream of a number of plant growth hormones, including auxins and benzoates. Phenylalanine and tyrosine both stem from the precursor prephenate, which is formed from chorismate by chorismate mutase, and use dehydrogenases, aminotransferases, and dehydratases in their biosynthetic pathways. Although aromatic amino acid biosynthesis is important for protein synthesis, secondary metabolism, and human …
The Mechanism Of Hyper Daptomycin Resistance In Corynebacterium Striatum And Daptomycinճ Mechanism Of Action, Nicholas Kevork Goldner
The Mechanism Of Hyper Daptomycin Resistance In Corynebacterium Striatum And Daptomycinճ Mechanism Of Action, Nicholas Kevork Goldner
Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Daptomycin, a last line-of-defense antibiotic for treating Gram-positive infections, is experiencing clinical failure against important infectious agents, including Corynebacterium striatum. The recent transition of daptomycin to generic antibiotic status is projected to dramatically increase availability, use, and clinical failure. Despite daptomycinճ more than 30-year history as an important antibiotic, four major questions were left unanswered. 1) How do bacteria become hyper-resistant to daptomycin? 2) What is the in vivo membrane target of daptomycin? 3) How does daptomycin interact with the membrane? 4) What is daptomycinճ mechanism of killing? These four questions have plagued the daptomycin field, and even now conflicting …
Building On Nature: Spectroscopic Studies Of Photosynthesis-Inspired Pigments, Fused Light Harvesting Proteins, And Bacterial Reaction Center Mutants, Kaitlyn Faries
Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Photosynthesis is the dominant form of solar energy conversion on the planet, making it critical to understand the fundamentals of the process in order to effectively mimic and improve upon it for human energy needs. The initial stages of photosynthesis include light harvesting and chemical conversion of that harvested energy via electron transport, with both of these stages relying on pigments (or chromophores) such as chlorophyll and specific protein architectures for the processes. In this work, the fundamental underpinnings of photosynthetic light harvesting and electron transport are explored via spectroscopy of various photosynthetic systems with altered natural pigments and proteins. …
Development Of Lc-Ms For The Identification And Characterization Of Non-Adjacent Dna Photoproduct Formation In G-Quadruplex Forming Sequences, Claudia Posadas
Development Of Lc-Ms For The Identification And Characterization Of Non-Adjacent Dna Photoproduct Formation In G-Quadruplex Forming Sequences, Claudia Posadas
Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Ultraviolet light is well known to induce cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPD) and pyrimidine (6–4) pyrimidone photoproducts in duplex DNA, which interfere with DNA replication and transcription. Recently, a new class of DNA photoproducts known as anti cyclobutanepyrimidine dimers have been discovered, which form in G-quadruplex forming sequences in solution. G-quadruplex structures have been proposed to form in human DNA telomeres and certain promoters in vivo but evidence for their existence has been lacking. Since anti-cyclobutante pyrimidine dimers have been shown to form in G-quadruplex forming sequences, their formation in irradiated human cells could be used to confirm the existence …
Effect Of Dna Sequence Context, Dna Structure, And Excitation Method On Cyclobutane Pyrimidine Dimer Formation, Chen Lu
Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The cis-syn cyclobutane pyrimdine dimer (CPD) is the major photoproduct resulting from UV irradiation of duplex DNA that results in C to T mutations found in human skin. CPDs with the anti stereochemistry were recently discovered to be formed in human telomeric DNA that adopts a quadruplex structure in vitro and may also play a role in the effects of sunlight in vivo. In this thesis, the effect of telomeric DNA structure on the formation of the anti-CPDs is investigated, as well as the effect of sequence context on cis-syn CPD formation which could help explain the origin of DNA …