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Articles 1 - 8 of 8
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Utah Tick Surveillance An Animated Public Service Announcement, Keith Wilson
Utah Tick Surveillance An Animated Public Service Announcement, Keith Wilson
Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects
As the United States’ population grows, we develop more land into housing and recreate farther into wilderness areas, consequentially encountering ticks with increasing frequency. As the climate continues to change, tick population distributions are also changing, influencing our population’s exposure to tick-borne diseases. Lyme disease, a tick-borne disease named after Lyme, Connecticut, is one of the fastest growing emerging diseases in North America, and the most prevalent vector-borne infection in the United States. There are two species of tick in North America, Ixodes scapularis and Ixodes pacificus, known to be carriers of the causative agent of Lyme disease, a …
Spa47 Is An Oligomerization - Activated Type Three Secretion System (T3ss) Atpase From Shigella Flexneri, Jamie Lee Kingsford
Spa47 Is An Oligomerization - Activated Type Three Secretion System (T3ss) Atpase From Shigella Flexneri, Jamie Lee Kingsford
Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects
Gram-negative pathogens often use conserved type three secretion systems (T3SS) for virulence. The Shigella type three secretion apparatus (T3SA) penetrates the host cell membrane and provides a unidirectional conduit for injection of effectors into host cells. The protein Spa4 7 localizes to the base of the apparatus and is speculated to be an ATPase that provides the energy for T3SA formation and secretion. Here, we developed an expression and purification protocol, producing active Spa47 and providing the first direct evidence that Spa47 is a bona fide ATPase. Additionally, size exclusion chromatography and analytical ultracentrifugation identified multiple oligomeric species of Spa47 …
The Effect Of Pure Infrared Light On The Growth Of Rhodospirrilum Rubrum, Jordan Lee Wilkes
The Effect Of Pure Infrared Light On The Growth Of Rhodospirrilum Rubrum, Jordan Lee Wilkes
Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects
Scientists who study aquatic ecosystems quickly notice a diversity of pathways that different microbes and organisms can use to metabolize nutrients found in common ponds or pools. Competition for vital resources, such as light and inorganic minerals, allow only certain organisms to grow in certain niches within these ecosystems. Rhodospirillum rubrum is a gram negative, photosynthetic bacteria that competes for light within aquatic ecosystems in order to survive. R. rubrum is believed to specifically absorb light for photosynthesis at wavelengths in the range of infrared light. It was found that R. rubrum indeed can grow in "dark", anaerobic environments by …
Cloning And Expression For The Future Characterization Of The Air2 Protein, Emily Sue Frampton
Cloning And Expression For The Future Characterization Of The Air2 Protein, Emily Sue Frampton
Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects
Air2 is a eukaryotic protein involved in multiple biological processes including protein-protein interactions as well as RNA binding. Air2 plays a critical role in RNA quality control and also helps regulate post-translational modification of various proteins. Although previous studies have revealed information regarding Air2's roles within a cell, the molecular and structural basis for Air2 function is unclear. Using a codon-optimized version of the Air2 gene, various constructs were created that improved the expression and solubility of Air2. Additionally a co-expression complex of Air2 with a PRMTI mutant, K13S, was made to obtain the Air2 protein with a native binding …
Investigating The Importance Of The N-Terminal Negative Residues In Human Prmt1, Brooke Siler
Investigating The Importance Of The N-Terminal Negative Residues In Human Prmt1, Brooke Siler
Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects
Many essential physiological pathways, such as cell proliferation, gene expression, and cardiovascular health are regulated by Protein Arginine Methyltransferases (PRMTs) through methylation of arginine residues in protein substrates. Understanding how PRMTs interact with their substrates is pivotal to understanding the biological role of these enzymes, and fundamental to the goal of identifying possible sites to be inhibited through drug therapy. Natural variations in the N-terminus of the PRMTl enzymes and data collected in our lab suggest that the N-terminus is important for activity and/or the binding of protein substrates. Preliminary data collected had led us to hypothesize that the negatively …
Caehnorhabditis Elegans: A Low-Cost In Vivo Animal Model For Efficacy Studies Of Novel Antibiotics, Rylee Ann Gregory
Caehnorhabditis Elegans: A Low-Cost In Vivo Animal Model For Efficacy Studies Of Novel Antibiotics, Rylee Ann Gregory
Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects
Since the 1940s, antibiotics have greatly reduced the adverse effects of infectious diseases caused by microbes. However, due to excessive, and often incorrect, use of known antibiotics, many organisms have adapted antibiotic resistance. Currently, over 70% of known infectious bacteria are resistant to at least one antibiotic. In the U.S. , 90,000 deaths occur each year due to infection by bacteria resistant to antibiotics. This number has increased by nearly 75,000 in the last 20 years. It is necessary, therefore, to continue developing new antibiotics in an effort to keep up with increasing antibiotic resistance. Traditional in vitro and whole …
Properties Of Microbes In Natural Fire Burn Soils, Holly Anderson
Properties Of Microbes In Natural Fire Burn Soils, Holly Anderson
Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects
Soil underlying a natural fire develops a hydrophobic soil sub-layer. This hydrophobicity decreases with time although the mechanisms are unresolved, but are thought to be biotic and abiotic. Some of the compounds accounting for hydrophobicity are polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) of which pyrene is an example.
Bacteria that grew on pyrene were isolated from burned soils at two sites in Utah in order to analyze the biotic microbial degradation of the hydrophobic soil sub-layer. The two sites were Wood Camp (Logan, UT) and Milford Flats (Central UT). Identifications of the genera of nine isolated bacteria were made through l6S rRNA …
The Fate Of Iron Released From Heme By Hemeoxygenase-1, Jonathan Mark Gardner
The Fate Of Iron Released From Heme By Hemeoxygenase-1, Jonathan Mark Gardner
Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects
A strain of Escherichia coli was genetically modified to co-express human heme oxygenase-1 and ferritin. The E. coli were then grown with varying amounts of hemin to see if the iron released upon degradation of the hemin by heme oxygenase-1 is loaded into ferritin. Following incubation, the ferritin was purified and the amount of iron loaded into ferritin determined. It was found that ferritin purifed from E. coli expressing human heme oxygenase-1 contained more iron than E. coli that did not contain human heme oxygenase-1. It was concluded that some of the iron released upon degradation of hemin by heme …