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Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Evaluation Of Human Chorionic Gonadotropin As A Replacement For Gnrh In An Ovulation Synchronization Protocol Before Fixed-Time Insemination (2007), M.G. Burns, B.S. Buttrey, D.R. Eborn, J.E. Larson, B.J. Lovaas, G.C. Lamb, Jeffrey S. Stevenson, K. C. Olson
Evaluation Of Human Chorionic Gonadotropin As A Replacement For Gnrh In An Ovulation Synchronization Protocol Before Fixed-Time Insemination (2007), M.G. Burns, B.S. Buttrey, D.R. Eborn, J.E. Larson, B.J. Lovaas, G.C. Lamb, Jeffrey S. Stevenson, K. C. Olson
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the difference between gonadotropinreleasing hormone (GnRH) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) given at the beginning of a timed AI protocol and their effects on fertility. In Experiment 1, beef cows (n = 672) at six different locations were assigned randomly to treatments based on age, body condition, and days postpartum. On day −10, cattle were treated with GnRH or hCG and a progesterone-releasing controlled internal drug release (CIDR) insert was placed in the vagina. An injection of PGF2αwas given and CIDR inserts were removed on day −3. Cows were inseminated at one fixed timed …
Altered Insemination Timing Improves Pregnancy Rates After A Co-Synch + Cidr Protocol (2007), C. A. Dobbins, D. E. Tenhouse, D. R. Eborn, Sandra K. Johnson, Keith R. Harmoney, Jeffrey S. Stevenson
Altered Insemination Timing Improves Pregnancy Rates After A Co-Synch + Cidr Protocol (2007), C. A. Dobbins, D. E. Tenhouse, D. R. Eborn, Sandra K. Johnson, Keith R. Harmoney, Jeffrey S. Stevenson
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Our objective was to determine the optimal time to inseminate lactating beef cows after applying the CO-Synch + CIDR protocol [injection of GnRH given seven days before and 48 to 72 hr after an injection of prostaglandin F2α(PGF2α) concurrent with AI, with a controlled internal drug release (CIDR) insert containing progesterone placed intravaginally for seven days between the first GnRH injection and PGF2α.]. Using 605 beef cows located at three Kansas locations, the CO-Synch + CIDR protocol was administered as follows: an injection of GnRH was given concurrent with a vaginally placed, progesterone-releasing CIDR insert, seven days later the insert …
Gnrh Removal In The 7-11 Co-Synch For Timed Insemination Of Beef Heifers (2007), D.R. Eborn, David M. Grieger
Gnrh Removal In The 7-11 Co-Synch For Timed Insemination Of Beef Heifers (2007), D.R. Eborn, David M. Grieger
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
The use of artificial insemination can improve genetics, shorten the calving season, and increase weaning weights by having more calves born earlier in the breeding season. Reasons that this technology has not been used by many producers may include poor conception rates, time, and cost. Research has been directed at shortening the synchronization time and controlling time of ovulation to eliminate estrous detection using a timed artificial insemination. Use of a progestin, like the Eazi-Breed CIDR or melengestrol acetate (MGA), is desirable because they are effective in synchronizing estrus and they can also induce cyclicity in anestrus or prepubertal females. …
The Effects Of Ractopamine-Hcl (Optaflexx) On Performance, Carcass Characteristics, And Meat Quality Of Finishing Feedlot Heifers (2007), M.J. Quinn, M.L. May, James S. Drouillard, Christopher D. Reinhardt, Brandon E. Depenbusch
The Effects Of Ractopamine-Hcl (Optaflexx) On Performance, Carcass Characteristics, And Meat Quality Of Finishing Feedlot Heifers (2007), M.J. Quinn, M.L. May, James S. Drouillard, Christopher D. Reinhardt, Brandon E. Depenbusch
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Beta-adrenergic agonists are commonly used in livestock production to accelerate growth by enhancing lean tissue gain. These compounds repartition nutrients away from fat deposition and toward protein accretion. Generally, increased growth is associated with ractopamine feeding, which improves feed conversion and increases body weight gain. However, little data exists on the effects of ractopamine-HCl on live performance or carcass characteristics of beef heifers. Data released from Elanco Animal Health indicate that differences between gender may exist in response to ractopamine, and therefore appropriate strategies for the administration of this compound must be defined for heifers independent of those for steers. …
Attitudes Of Cow-Calf Producers Toward Nais Are Guarded (2007), S.J. Breiner, S.A. Grau, B.B. Barnhardt, A.M. Bryant, Kris Boone, Dale A. Blasi, Ted C. Schroeder, Ryan M. Breiner
Attitudes Of Cow-Calf Producers Toward Nais Are Guarded (2007), S.J. Breiner, S.A. Grau, B.B. Barnhardt, A.M. Bryant, Kris Boone, Dale A. Blasi, Ted C. Schroeder, Ryan M. Breiner
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
The introduction of a National Animal Identification System (NAIS) into the United States has generated much confusion and controversy. The goal of the NAIS is to utilize 48-hour traceback in the event of an animal disease outbreak, identify all animals that have had contact with the diseased animal, and link animals to their premises of origin. The NAIS has led to new technology and guidelines with the potential to change the production and marketing landscape of the beef industry. Moreover, these advances have led to public policy issues that have changed the rhetoric of the industry. The objective of this …
Optaflexx1 Affects Rumen Fermentation (2007), Charles E. Walker, James S. Drouillard, Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja
Optaflexx1 Affects Rumen Fermentation (2007), Charles E. Walker, James S. Drouillard, Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Three experiments were conducted to determine effects of ractopamine-HCl, sold under the trade name Optaflexx, on rumen fermentation. In experiment 1, fermentative gas production was measured in vitro to determine the impact of increasing amounts of ractopamine- HCl added to rumen fluid. Ractopamine-HCl increased gas production when added to rumen fluid up to 10 times the assumed physiological dosage of 200 mg per head/day, but depressed gas production at 100 times the physiological dose. Experiment 2 and 3 evaluated the effects of ractopamine-HCl on production of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) by ruminal microbes. In vitro experiments revealed no effect of …
Eye Lens Weight And Nitrogen Content Predict Beef Animal Age (2007), C.R. Raines, Melvin C. Hunt, James J. Higgins, James L. Marsden, Michael E. Dikeman, John A. Unruh
Eye Lens Weight And Nitrogen Content Predict Beef Animal Age (2007), C.R. Raines, Melvin C. Hunt, James J. Higgins, James L. Marsden, Michael E. Dikeman, John A. Unruh
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
With the emergence of Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) and the necessity to guarantee cattle ages to meet export requirements of some countries, the need to accurately determine age is paramount to the worldwide beef industry. The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) estimates that only approximately 5% of U.S. beef cattle have documented chronological ages. Several methods for determining or predicting cattle age exist, including vertebra ossification, lean color, and dentition. Current systems can be criticized due to their subjectivity and subsequent inherent variability. Because concerns exist about current methods of determining cattle age, we investigated the use of the …
The Effects Of Ractopamine-Hcl (Optaflexx) On Finishing Feedlot Heifers (2007), M.J. Quinn, E.R. Loe, M.E. Corrigan, James S. Drouillard, Brandon E. Depenbusch
The Effects Of Ractopamine-Hcl (Optaflexx) On Finishing Feedlot Heifers (2007), M.J. Quinn, E.R. Loe, M.E. Corrigan, James S. Drouillard, Brandon E. Depenbusch
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Whether occurring naturally or synthetically, beta-agonists are classified as phenethanolamines based on their chemical structure. Other specificities of structure determine the exact behavior of the compound in animals. Beta-agonists bind to specific receptors on the cell membranes of skeletal muscle, adipose,and other tissues. Upon binding, these agents alter metabolic pathways, ultimately causing a repartitioning of nutrients to increase muscle and decrease fat accretion. In cattle, betaagonists such as cimaterol and clenbuterol improve feed efficiency, average daily gain, and longissimus muscle area. The proposed effects of ractopamine HCl are similar to those of other beta-agonists. The purpose of this study was …
Grain Processing Reduces E. Coli O157 In Feedlot Cattle (2007), J.T. Fox, M.E. Jacob, S.L. Reinstein, James S. Drouillard, Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja
Grain Processing Reduces E. Coli O157 In Feedlot Cattle (2007), J.T. Fox, M.E. Jacob, S.L. Reinstein, James S. Drouillard, Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Escherichia coli O157 is an important food-borne pathogen for which the gastrointestinal tract of cattle is the major reservoir. Fecal shedding of E. coli O157 in cattle reflects the ability of the organism to persist in or colonize the gastrointestinal tract. Evidence suggests that the site of persistence or colonization is in the hindgut and not the rumen. Although the reasons are not known, it is likely that the ecosystem of the hindgut is more hospitable than the rumen. Therefore, we hypothesize that dietary factors that promote supply of substrates (starch, fiber, protein, or lipids) to the hindgut will have …
Vaccine Impacts E. Coli O157 In Feedlot Cattle (2007), J.T. Fox, A.B. Thornton, M.E. Jacob, Daniel U. Thomson, James S. Drouillard, Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja
Vaccine Impacts E. Coli O157 In Feedlot Cattle (2007), J.T. Fox, A.B. Thornton, M.E. Jacob, Daniel U. Thomson, James S. Drouillard, Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Many human foodborne illnesses are caused by pathogens commonly harbored by food animals. Escherichia coli O157 is one of these pathogens commonly isolated from beef cattle feces and can enter the food chain at harvest. In addition to the human health concerns, this pathogen has important economic implications. Costly recalls of beef products and loss of consumer confidence associated with outbreaks of foodborne illness can affect profitability on many levels of production. In the past 10 years, E. coli O157 has cost the beef industry an estimated $2.67 billion. A portion of this expense is allocated to government and industry …
Formation And Safety Of 2-Dodecylcyclobutanone, A Unique Radiolytic Product In Irradiated Beef (2007), P. Gadgil, J. Scott Smith
Formation And Safety Of 2-Dodecylcyclobutanone, A Unique Radiolytic Product In Irradiated Beef (2007), P. Gadgil, J. Scott Smith
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Treating food with ionizing radiation improves product safety and helps maintain quality. The main selling point of irradiated foods is that it is microbially safe. Beginning in October 2002, companies could petition the FDA for permission to use terms like "electronic pasteurization" on the labeling for irradiated foods. Consumers are already familiar with pasteurization and they associate the term with a safe product. There needs to be a protocol in place to test for irradiation to verify that products meet regulatory requirements. Being able to differentiate between irradiated and nonirradiated food will aid in proving the authenticity and safety of …
Aging, Blade Tenderization, And Enzyme Injection Impacts Tenderness Of Muscles From Fed Cull Cows Of Known Age (2007), Stacy L. Hutchinson, T.T. Marston, Melvin C. Hunt, John A. Unruh
Aging, Blade Tenderization, And Enzyme Injection Impacts Tenderness Of Muscles From Fed Cull Cows Of Known Age (2007), Stacy L. Hutchinson, T.T. Marston, Melvin C. Hunt, John A. Unruh
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Approximately 16% of the 31 million head of cattle harvested in the United States in 2005 were aged cows. Cow meat is known to be tougher than meat from young steers and heifers, and it typically has a less desirable, darker color. It is generally assumed that cow meat needs to be ground or have some form of postmortem tenderization applied to be merchandized as a whole muscle product. The knuckle, top sirloin, and top blade muscles have been identified as muscles that potentially can be upgraded to medium-priced steaks. Most cow steaks are fabricated by food-service providers for their …
Despite Nais Concerns Electronic Identification Use By Cow-Calf Producers Is Increasing (2007), S.J. Breiner, S.A. Grau, B.B. Barnhardt, A.M. Bryant, Kris Boone, Dale A. Blasi, Ted C. Schroeder, Ryan M. Breiner
Despite Nais Concerns Electronic Identification Use By Cow-Calf Producers Is Increasing (2007), S.J. Breiner, S.A. Grau, B.B. Barnhardt, A.M. Bryant, Kris Boone, Dale A. Blasi, Ted C. Schroeder, Ryan M. Breiner
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
The proposed U.S. National Animal Identification System has generated concerns among producers relative to implementation of the system. Many of these concerns stem from the USDA's Bovine Identification Working Group's recommendations to use electronic Identification Plan Bovine Working Group has recommended radio frequency identification as the technology to individually identify cattle. Understanding and implementing an electronic identification system for cow-calf producers is believed to be one of the greatest challenges of implementing the National Animal Identification System.
Antioxidants May Reduce Heterocyclic Amines In Commercially Marinated Beef Steaks (2007), F. Ameri, J. Scott Smith
Antioxidants May Reduce Heterocyclic Amines In Commercially Marinated Beef Steaks (2007), F. Ameri, J. Scott Smith
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Heterocyclic amines (HCAs) are carcinogenic and mutagenic compounds found at a level of parts per billion in grilled fish and meats. Since the connection between consumption of dietary carcinogens and risk of different cancers in humans has been established, it is necessary to explore effective inhibitors that can prevent or reduce the formation of HCAs in cooked meats. Cooking meat with natural antioxidants decreases or eliminates HCAs in meat. Our objective was to study the inhibition of five HCAs in beef steaks marinated using commercial ingredients that are natural antioxidants.
Mature Open Cows Are Rarely Persistently Infected With Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (2007), Bradley J. White, Robert L. Larson, Daniel U. Thomson
Mature Open Cows Are Rarely Persistently Infected With Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (2007), Bradley J. White, Robert L. Larson, Daniel U. Thomson
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDv) is an immunosuppressive virus affecting cattle in a multitude of ways. The varied presentation makes this disease difficult to identify in cow herds and the signs of a BVD infection may be very subtle. The syndrome causes economic problems by reducing herd fertility and increasing disease rates. The persistently infected (PI) animal is a unique reservoir for BVDv. These cattle are the result of in utero exposure to the noncytopathic biotype of BVDv prior to the development of a competent fetal immune system at about 125 days of gestation. Persistently infected animals are the primary …
Thermal Process For Jerky Provides Proper Lethality For Controlling Pathogens (2007), M.N. Roberts, Kelly J.K. Getty, Elizabeth A.E. Boyle
Thermal Process For Jerky Provides Proper Lethality For Controlling Pathogens (2007), M.N. Roberts, Kelly J.K. Getty, Elizabeth A.E. Boyle
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
In 2003, the New Mexico Department of Health linked an outbreak of Salmonellosis with consumption of beef jerky. Due to the increasing commonality of foodborne illness associated with dried meats, in 2004 USDA/FSIS published the Compliance Guideline for Meat and Poultry Jerky Produced by Small and Very Small Plants, which addresses the issues of how to obtain adequate lethality and verify adequate drying. Small meat businesses that produce jerky products must validate that their processes achieve a 5-log reduction of E. coli O157:H7 and a>6.5-log reduction of Salmonella. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of …
Ultrasound Sorting Increases Feedlot Profitability (2007), A. Garmyn, Daniel W. Moser
Ultrasound Sorting Increases Feedlot Profitability (2007), A. Garmyn, Daniel W. Moser
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Feedlot managers often market entire pens as mixed groups, resulting in lower-quality, over-finished, or heavyweight carcasses. As the cattle industry has moved towards valuebased marketing systems, finding a costeffective tool that predicts future carcass merit and sorts cattle into outcome groups, thus producing a more uniform product at harvest, is of great interest to feedyard managers. The objective of this research was to determine the profitability of sorting feedlot cattle at reimplant time by using ultrasound and computer technology to group cattle into uniform market groups.
Supplementation Of Stocker Steers Grazing Native Flint Hills Pasture With A Protein And Mineral Supplement Increases Average Daily Gains (2007), B.B. Barnhardt, M.P. Epp, A.M. Bryant, P.J. Guiroy, Dale A. Blasi
Supplementation Of Stocker Steers Grazing Native Flint Hills Pasture With A Protein And Mineral Supplement Increases Average Daily Gains (2007), B.B. Barnhardt, M.P. Epp, A.M. Bryant, P.J. Guiroy, Dale A. Blasi
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Supplementation of range cattle with minerals is a common management practice that is used to maximize performance. Flint Hills grasses provide an adequate amount of protein for the diet through the first half of a doublestock grazing period, but declining protein content of native grasses during the latter parts of the grazing season typically cause decreases in forage digestibility and daily gains. The goal of this experiment was to measure differences in performance between steers that were supplemented with a) loose salt for the entire grazing period, b) a stocker mineral supplement for the entire grazing period, or c) a …
Comparison Of Feed Efficiency Rankings Of Heifers Fed Low And High Energy Dense Diets (2007), J.A. Christopher, T.T. Marston
Comparison Of Feed Efficiency Rankings Of Heifers Fed Low And High Energy Dense Diets (2007), J.A. Christopher, T.T. Marston
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Concepts related to energy efficiency in cattle have been the basis for many research projects. Even though differences in individuals have long been recognized, little effort has been focused on the causes of the observed variations. The concept of residual feed intake was first introduced in 1963, and is calculated as the difference between actual feed intake by an animal and its expected feed intake based on body weight and growth rate. Residual feed intakes are phenotypically independent of the production traits used to calculate expected feed intake. Consequently, residual feed intake values can be useful in comparing individuals differing …
Energy Supply Affects Leucine Utilization By Growing Steers (2007), G.F. Schroeder, E.S. Moore, Evan C. Titgemeyer
Energy Supply Affects Leucine Utilization By Growing Steers (2007), G.F. Schroeder, E.S. Moore, Evan C. Titgemeyer
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
In growing pigs, when protein supply is adequate, protein deposition increases with an increase in energy intake. However, when amino acid supply is limited, protein deposition does not respond to increases in energy intake. These relationships between energy, protein supply and protein deposition, which are observed in monogastric animals, have been described as protein- and energydependent phases of growth. These relationships indicate that energy supply does not affect the efficiency of amino acid utilization, allowing the assumption of a constant efficiency across a broad range of energy intake. Although this type of relationship is assumed for cattle by most of …
Validation Of Commercial Dna Tests For Beef Quality Traits, A.L. Van Eenennaam, J. Li, R.M. Thallman, R.L. Quaas, C. Gill, D.E. Franke, M.G. Thomas, Michael E. Dikeman
Validation Of Commercial Dna Tests For Beef Quality Traits, A.L. Van Eenennaam, J. Li, R.M. Thallman, R.L. Quaas, C. Gill, D.E. Franke, M.G. Thomas, Michael E. Dikeman
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Gene mapping and discovery programs have resulted in the detection of numerous DNA "˜markers' for various beef cattle production traits. Prior to commercializing genetic markers, it is important to validate their purported effects on the traits of interest in different breeds and environments, and assess them for correlated responses in associated traits. One of the biggest challenges in achieving this objective is the availability of cattle populations with sufficient phenotypic data to assess the association between various traits and newly discovered genetic markers. Results from such validation studies to date have not been widely published and genetic marker tests sometimes …
Wet Distiller’S Grains With Solubles In Beef Finishing Diets Comprised Of Steam-Flaked Or Dry-Rolled Corn (2007), M.L. May, M.J. Quinn, James S. Drouillard, Charles E. Walker
Wet Distiller’S Grains With Solubles In Beef Finishing Diets Comprised Of Steam-Flaked Or Dry-Rolled Corn (2007), M.L. May, M.J. Quinn, James S. Drouillard, Charles E. Walker
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
The purpose of this experiment was to determine optimal levels of distiller's grains in finished diets with steam-flaked corn or dry rolled corn. Distiller's grains have been used extensively in regions of the country in which dry-rolled and high-moisture grains are prevalent. Production of fuel ethanol is now expanding into the High Plains, where feedlots more commonly use steam flaking. The cost to produce flaked corn is higher than the cost to produce dry rolled corn, and with rising energy costs (especially natural gas), this spread is becoming more dramatic. Comparing the use of wet distiller's grains fed in conjunction …
Optimizing Use Of Distiller’S Grains With Solubles (Dgs) In Finishing Cattle Diets (2007), E.R. Loe, M.E. Corrigan, M.J. Quinn, Brandon E. Depenbusch, James S. Drouillard
Optimizing Use Of Distiller’S Grains With Solubles (Dgs) In Finishing Cattle Diets (2007), E.R. Loe, M.E. Corrigan, M.J. Quinn, Brandon E. Depenbusch, James S. Drouillard
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Rapid expansion of the fuel ethanol industry has increased availability of distillery byproducts. Distiller's grains with solubles (DGS) are the predominant byproduct of fermenting grains to fuel ethanol. During this process, the majority of starch is removed from the grain, and residual components of the grain are concentrated into the distiller's byproduct. Distiller's grains with solubles contain the bran, which is high in fiber; the germ, which is high in fat; and the protein. Given the relatively high fiber content of DGS, it is conceivable that DGS could serve as a replacement for roughage in finishing diets. One of the …
Degermed Corn Distiller’S Grains With Solubles (Dgs) Have Feed Value Similar To Traditional Distiller’S Grains (2007), E.R. Loe, M.J. Quinn, M.E. Corrigan, Brandon E. Depenbusch, James S. Drouillard
Degermed Corn Distiller’S Grains With Solubles (Dgs) Have Feed Value Similar To Traditional Distiller’S Grains (2007), E.R. Loe, M.J. Quinn, M.E. Corrigan, Brandon E. Depenbusch, James S. Drouillard
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Rapid expansion of the fuel ethanol industry has greatly increased availability of distillery byproducts. Distiller's grains with solubles (DGS) are the predominant byproduct of fermenting grains into fuel ethanol. During this process, starch is removed from the grain and the residual components of the grain are concentrated in the DGS. Improvements in the conversion of cereal grains to ethanol have been fueled by recent changes in the production process. Broin Companies (Sioux Falls, SD) have developed a technology that removes the germ before the fermentation process. The resulting byproduct contains more protein, less crude fat, and less phosphorus compared to …
Supplementation With Degradable Intake Protein Increases Low-Quality Forage Utilization And Microbial Use Of Recycled Urea (2007), T.A. Wickersham, R.C. Cochran, E.E. Wickersham, D.P. Gnad, Evan C. Titgemeyer
Supplementation With Degradable Intake Protein Increases Low-Quality Forage Utilization And Microbial Use Of Recycled Urea (2007), T.A. Wickersham, R.C. Cochran, E.E. Wickersham, D.P. Gnad, Evan C. Titgemeyer
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
A common production practice throughout the United States is to supplement protein to cattle consuming low-quality forage (forage with a crude protein content of less than 7%) in order to improve animal performance (i.e., maintain body condition score and body weight) during the winter. Protein supplementation increases forage utilization (intake and digestion) and cow performance by supplying ruminal microbes with protein that is essential for microbial growth. Increased microbial activity in turn provides sources of both protein and energy to the cow. In addition to the protein that is fed and degraded in the rumen, ruminants have the ability to …
Efficacy Of Feed Grade Antibiotics In Finishing Diets Containing Distiller’ Grains With Solubles (Dgs) (2007), E.R. Loe, M.J. Quinn, Brandon E. Depenbusch, James S. Drouillard
Efficacy Of Feed Grade Antibiotics In Finishing Diets Containing Distiller’ Grains With Solubles (Dgs) (2007), E.R. Loe, M.J. Quinn, Brandon E. Depenbusch, James S. Drouillard
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Rumensin and Tylan, both marketed by Elanco Products Company, have proved to be valuable feed additives when fed to finishing feedlot cattle. Rumensin was approved in the mid-1970s to improve feed efficiency and average daily gain. Rumensin frequently is used to manage digestive disturbances associated with otherwise erratic intakes of high grain diets. Tylan is fed as a preventative for liver abscesses. Rumen disorders such as acidosis and rumenitis are predisposing factors for liver abscesses. Erratic intakes of high grain diets along with poor bunk management are important factors that predispose cattle to ruminal disorders. Abscessed livers can have deleterious …
Microbial Use Of Recycled Urea Is Dependent On The Level And Frequency Of Degradable Intake Protein Supplementation (2007), T.A. Wickersham, R.C. Cochran, E.E. Wickersham, E.S. Moore, Evan C. Titgemeyer
Microbial Use Of Recycled Urea Is Dependent On The Level And Frequency Of Degradable Intake Protein Supplementation (2007), T.A. Wickersham, R.C. Cochran, E.E. Wickersham, E.S. Moore, Evan C. Titgemeyer
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Protein supplementation increases utilization (intake and digestion) of low-quality forage and ultimately animal performance. Despite its effectiveness, protein supplementation is often expensive. One strategy to reduce the cost of supplementation is to supplement less frequently than daily, generally every other day or every third day. By reducing the frequency of supplementation, the cost of delivering the supplement is reduced. Reducing the frequency of supplementation is an effective strategy for reducing cost, and it only minimally impacts animal performance, with less frequent supplementation resulting in slightly greater losses of body condition score and body weight during the winter supplementation period. Urea …
Supplementation With Undegradable Intake Protein Increases Utilization Of Low-Quality Forage And Microbial Use Of Recycled Urea (2007), T.A. Wickersham, R.C. Cochran, E.E. Wickersham, Evan C. Titgemeyer
Supplementation With Undegradable Intake Protein Increases Utilization Of Low-Quality Forage And Microbial Use Of Recycled Urea (2007), T.A. Wickersham, R.C. Cochran, E.E. Wickersham, Evan C. Titgemeyer
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Low-quality forage utilization (intake and digestion) is improved by protein supplementation. Typically, the recommendation is to select supplements that are high in degradable intake protein because this fraction of the protein directly addresses the ruminal nitrogen deficiency that exists when low-quality forages are fed. However, the low cost of byproducts (e.g., distiller's grains) that are high in undegradable intake protein makes them an attractive source of supplemental protein even though the response per unit of supplemental protein is less for undegradable protein than for degradable protein. One of the primary barriers to utilizing highly undegradable protein sources as supplements is …
Aging, Blade Tenderization, And Injection Impacts Tenderness Of Muscles From Fed Steers (2007), Stacy L. Hutchinson, Melvin C. Hunt, T.T. Marston, John A. Unruh
Aging, Blade Tenderization, And Injection Impacts Tenderness Of Muscles From Fed Steers (2007), Stacy L. Hutchinson, Melvin C. Hunt, T.T. Marston, John A. Unruh
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Enhancement of steer and heifer meat has become a common practice, especially for some large retailers in the United States, because it increases the weight of salable product and decreases variability in tenderness and juiciness. Enhancement also may reduce the aging period for some muscles. Muscles for this research were identified by National Cattlemen's Beef Association (NCBA) as possible muscles in which value could be added with some type of postmortem tenderization treatment. If muscles are enhanced, aging may become less important, thus allowing more efficient and faster processing of those cuts. Therefore, the objective of this research was to …
Ammonia Ion Selective Electrode And Indophenol Methods Can Be Used Successfully To Evaluate Meat Contaminated By Ammonia (2007), F. Hijaz, J. Scott Smith, Curtis L. Kastner
Ammonia Ion Selective Electrode And Indophenol Methods Can Be Used Successfully To Evaluate Meat Contaminated By Ammonia (2007), F. Hijaz, J. Scott Smith, Curtis L. Kastner
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Anhydrous ammonia is used as a refrigerant in large warehouses for cooling meats, fruits, vegetables, milk, and other products. Ammonia offers several advantages over other refrigerants; it does not harm the ozone layer and is a very efficient heat transfer agent. However, cold storage facilities sometimes have ammonia leaks. When this happens, products are held for an indeterminate period or are condemned because there is no official method to evaluate the degree of product contamination. In one case, a warehouse owner discarded a product because he could not prove that it was safe. His insurance company would not compensate him …