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Animal Sciences

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2021

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Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences

Scorpions Of The Horn Of Africa (Arachnida: Scorpiones). Part Xxvii. Lanzatus Huluul Sp. N. From Somaliland (Buthidae), František Kovařík, Graeme Lowe Dec 2021

Scorpions Of The Horn Of Africa (Arachnida: Scorpiones). Part Xxvii. Lanzatus Huluul Sp. N. From Somaliland (Buthidae), František Kovařík, Graeme Lowe

Euscorpius

The rare Horn of Africa buthid genus Lanzatus Kovařík, 2001 was newly collected in Somaliland in two localities. We describe a new species Lanzatus huluul sp. n. fully illustrated with color photos showing its morphology, habitus, hemispermatophore and collection areas.

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Hotline Number To Reach And Offer Agricultural Information To Plain Anabaptists During The Covid-19 Workplace Closures, Emily Shoop, Carly Becker, Nathan Glenn Briggs, Danielle Smarsh Dec 2021

Hotline Number To Reach And Offer Agricultural Information To Plain Anabaptists During The Covid-19 Workplace Closures, Emily Shoop, Carly Becker, Nathan Glenn Briggs, Danielle Smarsh

Journal of Amish and Plain Anabaptist Studies

The Penn State Extension Animal Systems Team developed a toll-free hotline phone number to convey short educational messages to maintain contact and outreach to Pennsylvania’s animal producing Amish, Mennonite, and other plain Anabaptist populations. During the COVID-19 pandemic, Penn State Extension’s programming went largely online via webinars, online courses, and emails. This change in programming excluded a large sector of Pennsylvania farmers who do not use or have access to the internet and, as such, were liable to miss important best management practice reviews and timely updates in animal agriculture. The Animal Systems Hotline offered callers the choice to listen …

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Convergence Properties Of Solutions Of A Length-Structured Density-Dependent Model For Fish, Geigh Zollicoffer Dec 2021

Convergence Properties Of Solutions Of A Length-Structured Density-Dependent Model For Fish, Geigh Zollicoffer

Rose-Hulman Undergraduate Mathematics Journal

We numerically study solutions to a length-structured matrix model for fish populations in which the probability that a fish grows into the next length class is a decreasing nonlinear function of the total biomass of the population. We make conjectures about the convergence properties of solutions to this equation, and give numerical simulations which support these conjectures. We also study the distribution of biomass in the different age classes as a function of the total biomass.

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A New Species Of Vaejovis From The Mule Mountains Above Bisbee, Arizona (Scorpiones: Vaejovidae), Brandon T. Myers, Richard F. Ayrey Dec 2021

A New Species Of Vaejovis From The Mule Mountains Above Bisbee, Arizona (Scorpiones: Vaejovidae), Brandon T. Myers, Richard F. Ayrey

Euscorpius

No abstract provided.

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The Mayfly Newsletter, Donna Giberson, Peter M. Grant Dec 2021

The Mayfly Newsletter, Donna Giberson, Peter M. Grant

The Mayfly Newsletter

The Mayfly Newsletter is the official newsletter of the Permanent Committee of the International Conferences on Ephemeroptera.

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Amphibians And Reptiles As Prey Of Heteroctenus Junceus (Scorpiones: Buthidae), With A Summary Of Vertebrate Predation By Scorpions In The West Indies, Tomás M. Rodríguez-Cabrera,, Ernesto Morell Savall, Rolando Teruel Nov 2021

Amphibians And Reptiles As Prey Of Heteroctenus Junceus (Scorpiones: Buthidae), With A Summary Of Vertebrate Predation By Scorpions In The West Indies, Tomás M. Rodríguez-Cabrera,, Ernesto Morell Savall, Rolando Teruel

Euscorpius

Vertebrate predation by scorpions has been scarcely documented in the literature. Contrary to large scorpions of the genera Centruroides, Hadrurus, Opistophthalmus, and Pandinurus from North America and Africa, which are capable of subduing even small rodents and bats, West Indian scorpions of the genera Centruroides, Heteroctenus, and Tityus seem to limit their prey to amphibians and reptiles. Herein we present new cases of a frog (Osteopilus septentrionalis; Hylidae) and three lizards (Anolis allisoni, A. ophiolepis, and A. sagrei; Dactyloidae) preyed upon by Heteroctenus junceus (Herbst, 1800), at the time we summarize all cases of vertebrate …

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The State Of Animal- Assisted Interventions In France: Is The Iahaio Model Relevant?, Alice Mignot, Gérard Leboucher, Véronique Servais, Karelle De Luca Nov 2021

The State Of Animal- Assisted Interventions In France: Is The Iahaio Model Relevant?, Alice Mignot, Gérard Leboucher, Véronique Servais, Karelle De Luca

People and Animals: The International Journal of Research and Practice

Animal- assisted interventions (AAI) became more generalized in health care settings and their development in Europe is increasing. In France, the practice has grown in the absence of official recognition and regulation. In this context, we aim to identify the main characteristics of the French practice of AAI that can influence the establishment of a local regulation. Second, we aim to question the relevance of the model proposed by the International Association of Human- Animal Interaction Organizations (IAHAIO) distinguishing animal- assisted therapies (AAT) and (AAA) animal- assisted activities from the French practice of AAI. We interviewed 111 French handlers in …

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Androctonus Turkiyensis Sp. N. From The Şanlıurfa Province, Turkey (Scorpiones: Buthidae), Ersen A. Yağmur Nov 2021

Androctonus Turkiyensis Sp. N. From The Şanlıurfa Province, Turkey (Scorpiones: Buthidae), Ersen A. Yağmur

Euscorpius

A new species Androctonus turkiyensis sp. n. is described and illustrated from the Şanlıurfa Province of Turkey. The new species is compared with A. crassicauda (Olivier, 1807), which was previously misidentified from Turkey. A. crassicauda specimens used for comparison were collected from Kashan County (Iran), the type locality of this species; a neotype from Kashan is designated.

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Does Bambi Need Privacy? The Impact Of Human Recreational Trail Traffic On Abundance And Daily Activity Of The White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus Virginianus), Diana Alvarez Nov 2021

Does Bambi Need Privacy? The Impact Of Human Recreational Trail Traffic On Abundance And Daily Activity Of The White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus Virginianus), Diana Alvarez

Journal of Interdisciplinary Undergraduate Research

Humans have a significant impact on wildlife populations. Although not as obvious, even non-consumptive recreational activities (i.e. hiking and mountain biking) can impact wildlife. Previous research has suggested that human traffic can impact the movement patterns of the white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). Specifically, as human traffic increases, deer sightings decrease. Also, due to their crepuscular nature, deer peak activity is at dawn and dusk, yet one study reported a decrease in deer sightings in the evening that seemed to correspond to a peak in human traffic. However, the cause-and-effect relationship between human traffic and deer daily movements has …

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The First Troglobitic Scorpions From Hispaniola, Greater Antilles: Two New Species Of Cazierius Francke, 1978 (Scorpiones: Diplocentridae), Rolando Teruel, Solanlly Carrero Jiménez, Gabriel De Los Santos Nov 2021

The First Troglobitic Scorpions From Hispaniola, Greater Antilles: Two New Species Of Cazierius Francke, 1978 (Scorpiones: Diplocentridae), Rolando Teruel, Solanlly Carrero Jiménez, Gabriel De Los Santos

Euscorpius

Two new species of the Greater Antillean endemic scorpion genus Cazierius Francke, 1978, are herein described from the island of Hispaniola. They were found inside isolate limestone caves in the Dominican Republic and are fully troglomorphic, thus, apparently being strict troglobites that represent the first ever documented for this genus. The present additions raise the number of Hispaniolan species of both Cazierius and the family Diplocentridae Karsch, 1880, to five and ten, respectively.

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The Correct Identity Of Centruroides Hoffmanni Armas, 1996 (Scorpiones: Buthidae), With The Description Of A New Species From Chiapas, Mexico, Luis De Armas, Rolando Teruel Nov 2021

The Correct Identity Of Centruroides Hoffmanni Armas, 1996 (Scorpiones: Buthidae), With The Description Of A New Species From Chiapas, Mexico, Luis De Armas, Rolando Teruel

Euscorpius

The Mexican scorpion Centruroides hoffmanni Armas, 1996 was described on the basis of a supposed adult female (actually a juvenile) from La Gloria, Arriaga Municipality, southwest of the Chiapas State. In its redescription, this species was also recorded from the southeastern of Oaxaca State. Nevertheless, in the recent revision of the “thorellii” species-group of the genus Centruroides Marx, 1890, a new species from Chiapas was misidentified as C. hoffmanni and, also, an erroneous new diagnosis was given for C. hoffmanni. In the present contribution, this new species is named Centruroides concordia sp. n., and the correct identity of C. …

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Evaluation Of Some Hematological Changes Among Chronic Renal Failure Patients In Qatan Hospital, Hadhramout Governorate - Yemen, Abdulrahman Salem Yaseen, Mohammed Ali Al-Maseeli Nov 2021

Evaluation Of Some Hematological Changes Among Chronic Renal Failure Patients In Qatan Hospital, Hadhramout Governorate - Yemen, Abdulrahman Salem Yaseen, Mohammed Ali Al-Maseeli

Hadhramout University Journal of Natural & Applied Sciences

This study was achieved at the industrial kidney centre in Qatan hospital during the period from February 2018 to July 2018, the study aimed at evaluating some hematological changes that occur in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) undergoing hemodialysis and comparing them with healthy people. Blood samples of 55 cases of both sexes were collected: 35 patients with CRF and on regular maintenance dialysis, and a control group of 20 healthy persons for comparison, in the age group ranged between 25-70 years for both groups. Hemoglobin concentration, total red cells count, packed cell volume, total white blood cells count, …

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Ingluviotomia Para Remoção De Corpo Estranho Em Calopsita Doméstica (Nymphicus Hollandicus). Relato De Caso, Alexia Oliveira Liu, Caio Cezar De Carvalho Cunha, Felipe Victorio De Castro Bath, Carlos Augusto Dos Santos Sousa, Marcelo Abidu-Figueiredo Oct 2021

Ingluviotomia Para Remoção De Corpo Estranho Em Calopsita Doméstica (Nymphicus Hollandicus). Relato De Caso, Alexia Oliveira Liu, Caio Cezar De Carvalho Cunha, Felipe Victorio De Castro Bath, Carlos Augusto Dos Santos Sousa, Marcelo Abidu-Figueiredo

Revista de Medicina Veterinaria

Los pájaros tienen una anatomía y fisiología únicas. Su sistema digestivo consta de esófago, estómago (proventrículo y ventrículo), intestino delgado e intestino grueso. En la mayoría de los pájaros, el esófago tiene una dilatación llamada ingluvie que almacena alimento. En este lugar pueden ocurrir lesiones y masas debido a varias razones, ocasionando dificultades dietarias y pérdida de peso. La digestión de sustancias inadecuadas puede formar una masa, quedarse ahí hasta germinar e intoxicarse. El objetivo de este estudio es hacer un informe de una ingluviotomía debido a la ingestión de un cuerpo extraño en una cacatúa ninfa (Nymphicus hollandicus). La …

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Biología Comparada Del Conejo Criollo (Sylvilagus Sp.) Y El Conejo Doméstico Europeo (Oryctolagus Sp.) Con Antecedentes De Su Consumo En Una Ciudad De Venezuela, Carlos Alberto Meléndez, Roy Daniel Meléndez Oct 2021

Biología Comparada Del Conejo Criollo (Sylvilagus Sp.) Y El Conejo Doméstico Europeo (Oryctolagus Sp.) Con Antecedentes De Su Consumo En Una Ciudad De Venezuela, Carlos Alberto Meléndez, Roy Daniel Meléndez

Revista de Medicina Veterinaria

Las diferencias biológicas entre el conejo criollo Sylvilagus sp. (Lagomorpha: Leporidae) y el conejo europeo (Oryctolagus sp.) son poco conocidas entre cunicultores de Latinoamérica, bien sea porque la cunicultura es una explotación menor, comparada con las de otras especies de animales domésticos, o porque la enseñanza de esta materia en estudios universitarios es escaza. El objetivo central de esta investigación fue examinar comparativamente las diferencias existentes entre conejos Sylvilagus sp. y Oryctolagus sp., en relación con su biología, consumo y explotación comercial. Para ello se usó el sistema del metanálisis de trabajos científicos publicados sobre el tema, noticias de prensa …

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Expecting More Spillovers, Zoonoses, Diseases And Deaths: Is The Future So Dark?, D. Katterine Bonilla-Aldana, Wilmer E. Villamil-Gómez, Alfonso L. Rodríguez-Morales Oct 2021

Expecting More Spillovers, Zoonoses, Diseases And Deaths: Is The Future So Dark?, D. Katterine Bonilla-Aldana, Wilmer E. Villamil-Gómez, Alfonso L. Rodríguez-Morales

Revista de Medicina Veterinaria

No abstract provided.

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Undesired Effects Of Bioinsecticides Molecules In Wistar Rats: Case Of Spirotetramat, Citrulus Colocynthis And Cleome Arabica Extracts, Boublata Nour El Iméne, Manel Bekhakheche, Habbachi Sarra, Saadane Fatma Zohra, Bouzar Abir, Habbachi Wafa, Rebbas Khellaf, Tahraoui Abedkrim Oct 2021

Undesired Effects Of Bioinsecticides Molecules In Wistar Rats: Case Of Spirotetramat, Citrulus Colocynthis And Cleome Arabica Extracts, Boublata Nour El Iméne, Manel Bekhakheche, Habbachi Sarra, Saadane Fatma Zohra, Bouzar Abir, Habbachi Wafa, Rebbas Khellaf, Tahraoui Abedkrim

Journal of Bioresource Management

The use of pesticides is becoming an indispensable technique in most agricultural practices, regardless of the level of development of the country. Currently, the pesticides used are often less toxic and more specific and are based on insect physiology. Recent studies indicate that pesticide intoxication induces oxidative stress. This work aims to study the neurobehavioral consequences of the administration of two insecticides currently widely used in agriculture: spirotetramat (an inhibitor of lipid synthesis in insects) and the ethanolic extract of Citrullus colocynthis (a plant endemic to the Algerian Sahara) and the ethanolic extract of Cleome arabica (Capparidaceae) The …

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The Behaviors Of A Captive Father-Daughter Pair Of Ateles Geoffroyi Geoffroyi, Felicia Gordian Oct 2021

The Behaviors Of A Captive Father-Daughter Pair Of Ateles Geoffroyi Geoffroyi, Felicia Gordian

The Pegasus Review: UCF Undergraduate Research Journal

The Central Florida Zoo and Botanical Gardens intends to introduce new members to the black-handed spider monkeys (Ateles geoffroyi geoffroyi) enclosure. The behavioral analysis of captive animals within their human-made zoo environments is pertinent information for zookeepers before such an introduction can be made. To contribute to that goal, this study observed the behaviors of a father-daughter pair of black-handed spider monkeys. This study observed their vocalizations, habitat utilization, enrichment utilization, conspecific interactions, and interactions with humans to better understand how they interact with their environment as well as their group dynamics. This behavioral baseline can then be utilized to …

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Rapid Quantitative Analysis Of Toxic Norditerpenoid Alkaloids In Larkspur (Delphinium Spp.) By Flow Injection - Electrospray Ionization – Mass Spectrometry, Dale R. Gardner, Stephen T. Lee, Daniel Cook Sep 2021

Rapid Quantitative Analysis Of Toxic Norditerpenoid Alkaloids In Larkspur (Delphinium Spp.) By Flow Injection - Electrospray Ionization – Mass Spectrometry, Dale R. Gardner, Stephen T. Lee, Daniel Cook

Poisonous Plant Research (PPR)

A rapid flow injection - electrospray ionization – mass spectrometry (FI-ESI-MS) method for the quantitative and qualitative analysis of norditerpenoid alkaloids in larkspur plants was developed. The FI-ESI-MS method was calibrated for alkaloid concentrations with larkspur plant samples against an existing Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy FTIR method. There was a strong correlation (r = 0.9926, r = 0.9891) between the FTIR and FI-ESI-MS methods. The relative standard deviation (RSD) for all measurements were ≤ 6.2 % except for the sample with the lowest concentration which was 19%. The sample throughput of the FI-ESI-MS method is much higher than the FTIR …

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A New Species Of Pseudouroctonus From The Pinaleño Mountains, Southern Arizona (Scorpiones: Vaejovidae), Richard F. Ayrey, František Kovařík, Brandon T. Myers Sep 2021

A New Species Of Pseudouroctonus From The Pinaleño Mountains, Southern Arizona (Scorpiones: Vaejovidae), Richard F. Ayrey, František Kovařík, Brandon T. Myers

Euscorpius

A new scorpion species, Pseudouroctonus moyeri sp. n. (Scorpiones: Vaejovidae) is described. This large, dark, reddish brown species is found in the Pinaleño Mountains, Arizona. This is the largest species of Pseudouroctonus found in Arizona. Ruberhieronymus Rossi, 2018 is synonymized with Pseudouroctonus Stahnke, 1974

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Molecular Genetic Analysis Of Stygobiotic Shrimps Of The Genus Xiphocaridinella (Crustacea: Decapoda: Atyidae) Reveals A Connection Between Distant Caves In Central Abkhazia, Southwestern Caucasus, Ivan Marin, Ilya Turbanov Sep 2021

Molecular Genetic Analysis Of Stygobiotic Shrimps Of The Genus Xiphocaridinella (Crustacea: Decapoda: Atyidae) Reveals A Connection Between Distant Caves In Central Abkhazia, Southwestern Caucasus, Ivan Marin, Ilya Turbanov

International Journal of Speleology

Based on the morpho-genetic study of stygobiotic shrimps from the genus Xiphocaridinella Sadowsky, 1930 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Atyidae), a hydrogeological connection of a number of distant caves in Central Abkhazia of the southwestern Caucasus is satisfied, which indicates the possibility of using biospeleological studies in some cases to identify karst hydrosystems together with traditional hydrogeological methods. Moreover, a new stygobiotic atyid shrimp from the genus Xiphocaridinella, X. kelasuri sp. n., is described based on morphology and analysis of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I DNA sequences from three distant caves. The new species is genetically divergent from relatives and phylogenetically related to …

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Novel Pilot Development Of A Closed-Loop Sustainable System Between Biogas Renewable Energy, Distilling, And Aquaculture By Vermiculture Of Stillage Wastes, Samuel C. Kessler Sep 2021

Novel Pilot Development Of A Closed-Loop Sustainable System Between Biogas Renewable Energy, Distilling, And Aquaculture By Vermiculture Of Stillage Wastes, Samuel C. Kessler

The Cardinal Edge

This study provides a mixed-methods approach in analyzing a potential closed-loop system between renewable biogas production from anaerobic digestion, vermiculture production, aquaculture production, and organic wastes with a particular focus on stillage wastes. Such system may hold significant promise for significantly reducing organic carbon and methane emissions from its components, and should be assessed for such. The 2021 IPCC report essentially identified methane reduction as the single fastest way to slow global warming (IPCC, 2021), making the study and implementation of methane-reducing systems and supportive policy for them critical. Knowledge gaps to implementing this system were qualitatively identified as disconnect …

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Kentucky Equestrians: Defining Socioeconomic Contexts For Extension Programming, Kimberly I. Tumlin, Karin Pekarchik, Steven Claas Sep 2021

Kentucky Equestrians: Defining Socioeconomic Contexts For Extension Programming, Kimberly I. Tumlin, Karin Pekarchik, Steven Claas

The Journal of Extension

Understanding relationships between demographic and economic factors and equestrian participation could improve horse program design. We implemented an online survey that characterized associations of participation in equine activities, socioeconomic factors, and economic factors with age. Seventy-five percent of respondents ride, and 34% are recreational, non-competitive participants. Respondents were mostly female, and many participate in the sport throughout life. Many respondents indicated they overspent on equestrian activities. Horse programs should incorporate information and activities that address issues unique to females, should develop skills required by amateur or recreational riders, and should incorporate information on financial wellness.

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Four New Lithophilic Species Of Scorpiops Peters, 1861 (Scorpiones: Scorpiopidae) From Peninsular India, Shauri Sulakhe, Shubhankar Deshpande, Nikhil Dandekar, Anand Padhye, Deshabhushan Bastawade Sep 2021

Four New Lithophilic Species Of Scorpiops Peters, 1861 (Scorpiones: Scorpiopidae) From Peninsular India, Shauri Sulakhe, Shubhankar Deshpande, Nikhil Dandekar, Anand Padhye, Deshabhushan Bastawade

Euscorpius

Four new lithophilic species of Scorpiops Peters, 1861 (Scorpiopidae) have been described from peninsular India using an integrated taxonomic approach. Three species Scorpiops vrushchik sp. n., S. nagphani sp. n. and S. neera sp. n. have been described from northern Western Ghats and S. lioneli sp. n. is described from Deccan Plateau. S. vrushchik sp. n. is closely related to S. tenuicauda and S. telbaila and differs by a raw genetic divergence of 9.6-9.8% from S. tenuicauda and 11% from S. telbaila. S. nagphani sp. n. is closely related to S. lioneli sp. n. and S. maharashtraensis and differs by …

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Preliminary Checklist Of Avifauna Of Tamanrasset (South Of Algeria) With Two New Records In Algeria, Belkacem Aimene Boulaouad, Ailam Oussama, Telailia Salah, Harzallah Mourad, Ayyach Khaled, Bekkouche Abdelkadir Missoum Mohamed, Soukkou Walid, Boutabia Lamia Sep 2021

Preliminary Checklist Of Avifauna Of Tamanrasset (South Of Algeria) With Two New Records In Algeria, Belkacem Aimene Boulaouad, Ailam Oussama, Telailia Salah, Harzallah Mourad, Ayyach Khaled, Bekkouche Abdelkadir Missoum Mohamed, Soukkou Walid, Boutabia Lamia

Journal of Bioresource Management

Birds constitute a zoological group which is considered to be a good indicator of balance and biological diversity. The aim of this study was to investigate the birds of the region on Tamanresset which is situated in the south of Algeria and has an area of 554.000 km2. Direct observations with camera and a pair of binoculars, supported by ornithological surveys carried out by progressive frequently sampling, in each stations of study area, 44 bird species were observed in this region which fall into 12 orders and 24 families. Among these species, 3 new observations recorded for the …

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Parameterization Of Food Wastes To Develop An Automatic Recycling System For Livestock And Poultry Feed, Ali Roshanianfard, Samira Nematzadeh, Tarahom Mesri-Gundoshmian Aug 2021

Parameterization Of Food Wastes To Develop An Automatic Recycling System For Livestock And Poultry Feed, Ali Roshanianfard, Samira Nematzadeh, Tarahom Mesri-Gundoshmian

Emirates Journal for Engineering Research

Food wastes are known as one of the big concerns in urban management because of grain consumption gain, environmental pollution, and traditional waste management methods. The reuse of restaurant waste can reduce the cost of producing animal food production. This study attempts to find related parameters to use in the development of an automatic recycling machine and also a suitable method for food waste management (wastes of restaurants in universities and other academic environments) to use in various animal diets. Determination of various parameters including the percentage of dry matter (using a dryer), protein (using Kjeldahl test), fat (using Soxhlet …

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Understanding Corn Variability, Edgar O. Oviedo-Rondón Aug 2021

Understanding Corn Variability, Edgar O. Oviedo-Rondón

Proceedings of the Arkansas Nutrition Conference

Corn is the most common feed ingredient used in poultry nutrition. Maize contributes with up to 65% of the metabolizable energy and 20% of crude protein in poultry diets (Gehring et al., 2013; Dei, 2017). Its average nutritional value is well-known, but it is accepted that the variability in its composition and energy value is a very common issue with great impact on poultry performance and health (Cowieson, 2005; Gehring et al., 2013; Latham et al., 2016; Montanhini-Neto et al., 2017). Corn variability affects growth, feed conversion, flock uniformity, digestibility, AMEn, digesta viscosity, gut microbiota composition, …

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Assessing Dietary Branched-Chain Amino Acids To Achieve Linear Programming Goals Through Model Extrapolation And Empirical Research, Craig W. Maynard, Ed E. Gbur, Vinh-Loi Ly, Minh-Duc Le, Thi H. Ngan Le Jr, Justina Caldas, Michael T. Kidd Aug 2021

Assessing Dietary Branched-Chain Amino Acids To Achieve Linear Programming Goals Through Model Extrapolation And Empirical Research, Craig W. Maynard, Ed E. Gbur, Vinh-Loi Ly, Minh-Duc Le, Thi H. Ngan Le Jr, Justina Caldas, Michael T. Kidd

Proceedings of the Arkansas Nutrition Conference

Renewed interest, especially in the United States, has sparked in assessing branched-chain amino acid interactions in practical diets for broilers. Indeed, as L-valine enters formulation bird nitrogen excesses are reduced as diet protein falls to the new first limiting amino acid (e.g., isoleucine, arginine, or tryptophan). For a United States based example, the result is less oilseeds and more gains, which typically result in increased inclusions in corn or corn by-products, coupled with a concomitant increase in dietary leucine. The proceedings outline the foundations of the branched-chain amino acid early research, antagonism studies, and a meta-analysis conducted on publications with …

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Sustaining Competitiveness In Times Of Uncertainty And Volatility: A Latin American Perspective, Antonio Kalinowski Aug 2021

Sustaining Competitiveness In Times Of Uncertainty And Volatility: A Latin American Perspective, Antonio Kalinowski

Proceedings of the Arkansas Nutrition Conference

The poultry industry has dominated the dynamic livestock sector in Latin America during the last decades, doubling production in the last 20 years (Williams and Anderson, 2019). In the future, poultry production in the region is expected to grow at almost twice the annual global rate: 2.5% and 4.0%, respectively. The rapid expansion of the industry has been fueled by the growing consumer demand for chicken meat and eggs, given its price competitiveness and culinary preference in most Latin American countries. Per capita chicken consumption is among the highest in the world (on average ca. 30 kg/person/year), and represents above …

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Amino Acid Responses In Conventional And Slow Growing Broilers, Alex Corzo, Marcelo Silva Aug 2021

Amino Acid Responses In Conventional And Slow Growing Broilers, Alex Corzo, Marcelo Silva

Proceedings of the Arkansas Nutrition Conference

Conventional and slow-growing broilers are both quite responsive to dietary amino acids. However, when reducing dietary balanced protein (BP), the change in rate of gain on the slower-growing broilers results in a growth curve that is not as steep as it would be if using the current conventional broiler. Amino acid supply and balance, in combination with manipulation of dietary energy density, could enable customers to achieve the desired rate of gain when using slow-growing broilers, depending on the Global Animal Partnership or other certification level the integrator is aiming for.

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Heat Damage, Maillard Reactions, And Measurement Of Reactive Lysine In Feed Ingredients And Diets, Maryane S. F. Oliveira, Charmaine D. Espinosa, Hans H. Stein Aug 2021

Heat Damage, Maillard Reactions, And Measurement Of Reactive Lysine In Feed Ingredients And Diets, Maryane S. F. Oliveira, Charmaine D. Espinosa, Hans H. Stein

Proceedings of the Arkansas Nutrition Conference

Feed cost represents 70% of the total cost of poultry and pork production (Patience et al., 2015); therefore, a number of processing techniques have been developed to maximize utilization of nutrients in feed ingredients and diets for optimum animal growth performance. Oilseed meals are commonly exposed to varying degrees of heat to remove solvents used during oil extraction, increase nutrient digestibility, improve storage life, and to reduce anti-nutritional factors (Liener, 1994; Rehman and Shah, 2005; Goebel and Stein, 2011). Heat is also applied in the production of distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) from dry grind ethanol facilities …

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