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Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Parasitism In Species Of Bathymodiolus (Bivalvia : Mytilidae) Mussels From Deep-Sea Seep And Hydrothermal Vents, Me Ward, Jeffrey D. Shields, Cl Van Dover
Parasitism In Species Of Bathymodiolus (Bivalvia : Mytilidae) Mussels From Deep-Sea Seep And Hydrothermal Vents, Me Ward, Jeffrey D. Shields, Cl Van Dover
VIMS Articles
Bivalve species, especially mussels, are biomass dominants in many deep-sea chemosynthetic ecosystems. As in shallow-water environments, parasites are likely to be important factors in the population dynamics of bivalve communities in chemosynthetic ecosystems, but there has been little study of parasitism in deep-sea seep or vent molluscs. In this study, Parasite types, diversity, prevalence, infection density and non-infectious indicators of stress or disease as related to host age, reproductive condition, and endosymbiont density were assessed in mussels (Bathmodiolus heckerae) from 2 seep sites and mussels (B. puteoserpentis) from 2 vent sites. We identified 10 microbial or parasitic agents in histological …
Infection Dynamics Of Marteilia Refringens In Flat Oyster Ostrea Edulis And Copepod Paracartia Grani In A Claire Pond Of Marennes-Oleron Bay, Corinne Audemard, Mc Sajus, Et Al
Infection Dynamics Of Marteilia Refringens In Flat Oyster Ostrea Edulis And Copepod Paracartia Grani In A Claire Pond Of Marennes-Oleron Bay, Corinne Audemard, Mc Sajus, Et Al
VIMS Articles
The protozoan parasite Marteilia refringens has been partly responsible for the severe decrease in the production of the European flat oyster Ostrea edulis Linnaeus in France since the 1970s. The calanoid copepod Paracartia grani Sars was recently found to be a host for M refringens in French shallow-water oyster ponds ('claires'). This study reconsidered M refringens transmission dynamics in the light of this finding, taking into account not only oyster infection dynamics and environmental factors but also data concerning the copepod host. P. grani population dynamics in the claire under study revealed that this species is the dominant planktonic copepod …
Ultrastructure Of Mycobacterium Marinum Granuloma In Striped Bass Morone Saxatilis, Dt Gauthier, Wolfgang K. Vogelbein, Ca Ottinger
Ultrastructure Of Mycobacterium Marinum Granuloma In Striped Bass Morone Saxatilis, Dt Gauthier, Wolfgang K. Vogelbein, Ca Ottinger
VIMS Articles
An emerging epizootic of mycobacteriosis currently threatens striped bass Morone saxatilis populations in Chesapeake Bay, USA. Several species of mycobacteria, including Mycobacterium marinum, species resembling AT. avium, All. gordonae, M. peregrinum, M. scrofulaceum and M. terrae, and the new species M. shottsii have been isolated from diseased and healthy bass. In this study, we describe the ultrastructure of developing M. marinum granulomas in experimentally infected bass over a period of 45 wk. The primary host response to injected mycobacteria was formation of large macrophage aggregations containing phagocytosed bacilli. AT marinum were always contained within phagosomes. Close association of lysosomes with …
Isolation And Characterization Of Mycobacteria From Striped Bass Morone Saxatilis From The Chesapeake Bay, Mw Rhodes, H Kator, I Kaattari, D Gautier, Wolfgang K. Vogelbein, Ca Ottinger
Isolation And Characterization Of Mycobacteria From Striped Bass Morone Saxatilis From The Chesapeake Bay, Mw Rhodes, H Kator, I Kaattari, D Gautier, Wolfgang K. Vogelbein, Ca Ottinger
VIMS Articles
Mycobacteriosis in striped bass Morone saxatilis of Chesapeake Bay, USA, was first diagnosed in 1997 based on the presence of granulomatous inflammation and acid-fast bacteria in skin and spleen. To confirm histopathology, bacteriological detection and identification of mycobacteria were begun using splenic tissue from fish with and without skin ulcerations. On the basis of initial studies using a variety of selective and nonselective media, decontamination, homogenization and incubation conditions, a simple and quantitative recovery method using aseptic necropsy of splenic tissue was developed. Optimal recovery was obtained by spread-plating homogenates on Middlebrook 7H10 agar with incubation for 3 mo at …
A New Pathogenic Virus In The Caribbean Spiny Lobster Panulirus Argus From The Florida Keys, Jeffrey D. Shields, Dc Behringer
A New Pathogenic Virus In The Caribbean Spiny Lobster Panulirus Argus From The Florida Keys, Jeffrey D. Shields, Dc Behringer
VIMS Articles
A pathogenic virus was diagnosed from juvenile Caribbean spiny lobsters Panulirus argus from the Florida Keys. Moribund lobsters had characteristically milky hemolymph that did not clot. Altered hyalinocytes and semigranulocytes, but not granulocytes, were observed with light microscopy. Infected hemocytes had emarginated, condensed chromatin, hypertrophied nuclei and faint eosinophilic Cowdry-type-A inclusions. In some cases, infected cells were observed in soft connective tissues. With electron microscopy, unenveloped, nonoccluded, icosahedral virions (182 +/- 9 nm SD) were diffusely spread around the inner periphery of the nuclear envelope. Virions also occurred in loose aggregates in the cytoplasm or were free in the hemolymph. …
Perkinsus Mediterraneus N. Sp., A Protistan Parasite Of The European Flat Oyster Ostrea Edulis From The Balearic Islands, Mediterranean Sea, Sm Casas, A Grau, K S. Reece, Et Al
Perkinsus Mediterraneus N. Sp., A Protistan Parasite Of The European Flat Oyster Ostrea Edulis From The Balearic Islands, Mediterranean Sea, Sm Casas, A Grau, K S. Reece, Et Al
VIMS Articles
A new species, Perkinsus mediterraneus, a protistan parasite of the European oyster Ostrea edulis (L.), farmed along the coast of the Balearic Islands, Mediterranean Sea, is described. Morphological examinations with light and transmission electron microscopy, DNA sequence-analysis and enlargement in Ray's fluid thioglycollate medium (RFTM) confirmed that this parasite belongs to the genus Perkinsus. Specific morphological and genetic characteristics indicated that it should be considered a new species in the genus, Sequencing of the small subunit ribosomal (ssu rRNA) gene confirmed that the parasite belongs to the genus Perkinsus, and sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) were distinct from …
Microcell Parasites Of Oysters: Recent Insights And Future Trends, Ryan Carnegie, Nathalie Cochennec-Laureau
Microcell Parasites Of Oysters: Recent Insights And Future Trends, Ryan Carnegie, Nathalie Cochennec-Laureau
VIMS Articles
Our understanding of the microcell oyster parasites of the genera Bonamia and Mikrocwos has expanded 111 recent years with the application of ultrastru ctural and espec ially molecular biological research approaches. Molecular phylogenetic analyses of SSU rRNA genes have united three species, Bonamia ostreae, Bonamia exitiosa, and Mikrocytos (now Bonamia) roughleyi, in a microcell clade within the Haplosporidia, supporting both early and recent ultrastructural observations. Ult rastructural and molecular phylogenetic ev idence has emerged that Mikrocytos mackini, on the other hand, is a unique proti st with unusual adaptations for a parasitic existence. DNA probes and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) …
Perkinsosis In Molluscs: A Review, Antonio Villalba, Kimberly S. Reece, M. Camino Ordas, Sandra M. Casas, Antonio Figueras
Perkinsosis In Molluscs: A Review, Antonio Villalba, Kimberly S. Reece, M. Camino Ordas, Sandra M. Casas, Antonio Figueras
VIMS Articles
The genus Perkinsus includes protistan parasites infecting marine molluscs throughout the world, some of which are associated with mass mortalities. Life cycle involves vegetative proliferation within the host, by which a cell named trophozoite undergoes successive bipartitioning. Other stages have been observed in vitro or in vivo, depending on the species: hypnospore, zoosporangium and zoospore. Molecular taxonomy supports a close affinity between dinoflagellates and Perkinsus spp. Six species of Perkinsus are currently considered valid: P. marinus, P. olseni, P. qugwadi, P. chesapeaki, P. andrewsi and P. mediterraneus. Histology and, above all, incubation of host tissues in Ray’s fluid thioglycollate medium …