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Animal Sciences

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

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1988

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Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences

1988 Agricultural Research, Southeast Kansas Branch Station, K. P. Coffey, J. L. Moyer, L. W. Lomas, D. W. Sweeney, G. V. Granade, T. Walter, K. W. Kelley Jan 1988

1988 Agricultural Research, Southeast Kansas Branch Station, K. P. Coffey, J. L. Moyer, L. W. Lomas, D. W. Sweeney, G. V. Granade, T. Walter, K. W. Kelley

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Research on beef cattle, crops, and related topics at Southeast Kansas Branch Station.

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Responses Of Pig Embryos To Amino Acids (1988), C F. Rosenkrans, Duane L. Davis Jan 1988

Responses Of Pig Embryos To Amino Acids (1988), C F. Rosenkrans, Duane L. Davis

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Mixtures of vitamins and amino acids produced detrimental effects on the development of pig embryos. However, addition of three amino acids, phenylalanine, methionine, and isoleuncine, enhanced pig embryo development.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 17, 1988

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The Effects Of Porcine Somatotropin (Pst) And Dietary Lysine Level On Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Finishing Swine (1988), R C. Thaler, B R. Schricker, G E. Fitzner, A J. Lewis, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert H. Hines, Donald H. Kropf Jan 1988

The Effects Of Porcine Somatotropin (Pst) And Dietary Lysine Level On Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Finishing Swine (1988), R C. Thaler, B R. Schricker, G E. Fitzner, A J. Lewis, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert H. Hines, Donald H. Kropf

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Seventy-two finishing pigs averaging 130 lb were utilized to determine the effects of PST and dietary lysine on growth performance and carcass characteristics. Pigs were injected daily with 4 mg PST in the extensor muscle of the neck and fed either a pelleted corn-sesame meal diet (.6% lysine, 17.7% crude protein) or diets containing .8, 1.0, 1.2, or 1.4% lysine provided by L-lysine HCl. All diets were formulated to contain at least 200% of NRC (1979) recommendations for other amino acids. Control pigs received a placebo injection and the .6% lysine diet. Increasing levels of dietary lysine resulted in increased …

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Factors Affecting Feeder Pig Auction Price Differentials (1988), Ted C. Schroeder, J M. Jones, David A. Nichols Jan 1988

Factors Affecting Feeder Pig Auction Price Differentials (1988), Ted C. Schroeder, J M. Jones, David A. Nichols

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A survey of feeder pig sales was conducted at two Kansas feeder pig auctions during the spring and summer of 1988. Several factors were identified that helped explain a large portion of the short-run price differentials observed in feeder pig prices. Physical characteristics of the feeder pigs and changing market fundamentals during the data collection period accounted for 80 percent of the variability in feeder pig prices. The most significant physical characteristics affecting price included weight lot size health, structural soundness, lumps, ruptures and lot uniformity. There are clear incentives for producers to attempt to sell feeder pigs in healthy, …

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Effect Of Wheat Mill Run On Finishing Pig Performance (1988), C H. Fahrenholz, Keith C. Behnke, David A. Nichols Jan 1988

Effect Of Wheat Mill Run On Finishing Pig Performance (1988), C H. Fahrenholz, Keith C. Behnke, David A. Nichols

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Finishing pigs were fed diets containing 0, 15, 30, or 45% wheat mill run (WMR) during cold and hot weather. Results indicate that 15% WMR can be included in finishing swine diets without adversely affecting pig performance. Apparent digestibilities of dry matter, gross energy, and crude fiber were lower (P<.05) for diets containing WMR than for the control. During cold weather incorporating up to 15% WMR in the diet may be economically justified, because there was no difference in cost of gain for pigs receiving the control or 15% WMR diets. During hot weather, cost of gain increased as the level of WMR in the diet increased.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 17, 1988

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Hedging Opportunities For Feeder Pig Finishers (1988), Ted C. Schroeder Jan 1988

Hedging Opportunities For Feeder Pig Finishers (1988), Ted C. Schroeder

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

This study examined the frequency of profitable, short, hedging opportunities that have been available to feeder pig finishers in recent years. The results indicate that there have been periods offering frequent opportunities to "lock in" a profit by hedging. However, there have not been many extended periods beyond 6 mo offering frequent profitable hedging opportunities, and over several feeding periods, no trading day offered profitable hedging opportunities. Though not always offering a profit, the futures market offered some improved returns relative to the cash market. During a few feeding periods, improved return opportunities were present in excess of 80% of …

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Managing The High-Producing Herd. Iii.Producing High Quality Milk (1988), John E. Shirley Jan 1988

Managing The High-Producing Herd. Iii.Producing High Quality Milk (1988), John E. Shirley

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Progress in the dairy industry over the past 30 yr can be defined as a movement toward fewer farms, more cows per farm, fewer total cows, more milk per cow, a gradual decline in total annual milk production from 1950 through 1975 followed by a sharp increase through 1985, a decrease in per capita consumption, and an increase in milk quality.; Dairy Day, 1988, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 1988;

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Animal Drugs And The Milk Supply (1988), R.W. Wilson Jan 1988

Animal Drugs And The Milk Supply (1988), R.W. Wilson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The makers of the laws, rules, and regulations governing the production and processing of milk have recognized that milk is the primary diet of the very young and old. This fact mandates that it should be produced and processed in a manner to protect and maintain it in a pure, safe, and unadulterated condition. To determine adulteration of any milk product, one must first understand the legal definition of that product. In general, milk is defined as "the lacteal secretion of healthy cows that is practically free from colostrum." Anything that alters the product from the intent of this definition …

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Small Intestinal Starch, Dextrin, And Glucose Digestion In Steers (1988), K.K. Kreikmeier, D.L. Harmon, T.B. Avery, Robert T. Brandt Jr. Jan 1988

Small Intestinal Starch, Dextrin, And Glucose Digestion In Steers (1988), K.K. Kreikmeier, D.L. Harmon, T.B. Avery, Robert T. Brandt Jr.

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Three Holstein steers (930 lb) were surgically fitted with abomasal and ileal cannulae, portal and mesenteric venous catheters, and an elevated carotid artery and used to study small intestinal starch digestion. Water, corn starch (66 g/hr), corn dextrin (66 g/hr), or glucose (66 g/hr) were continuously infused into the abomasum. Small intestinal disappearance of corn dextrin (57 g/hr) and glucose (57 g/hr) were higher (P<.05) than that of starch (48 g/hr). The percentage of carbohydrate disappearance accounted for as net portal glucose flux was 52, 54, and 72% for corn starch, corn dextrin, and glucose, respectively. Small intestinal starch utilization in the bovine may be limited by starch granular characteristics, enzyme activity, and glucose transport across the small intestine.; Dairy Day, 1988, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 1988;

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Morning Versus Evening Supplementation For Heifers Grazing Winter Range, E. Vanzant, B. Cochran, L. Corah, K. Zoellner Jan 1988

Morning Versus Evening Supplementation For Heifers Grazing Winter Range, E. Vanzant, B. Cochran, L. Corah, K. Zoellner

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Supplementing developing heifers in the morning was compared with supplementation at sundown. No difference was evident among treatments in average daily gain, distance traveled, or time spent grazing.

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The Effect Of Physical Characteristics On Cow Price Differentials In Kansas, F. Brazle, J. Mintert, Ted C. Schroeder, O. Grunewald Jan 1988

The Effect Of Physical Characteristics On Cow Price Differentials In Kansas, F. Brazle, J. Mintert, Ted C. Schroeder, O. Grunewald

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A survey of cow sales was conducted in the fall of 1986 and spring of 1987 at seven Kansas cattle auctions. Several factors significantly influenced cow prices, including health, estimated dressing percentage, lot size, breed, and time of sale. Changes in dressing percentage explained the major portion of cow price variation.

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Kansas Custom Cattle Feeding Practices, Ted C. Schroeder, Gerry L. Kuhl Jan 1988

Kansas Custom Cattle Feeding Practices, Ted C. Schroeder, Gerry L. Kuhl

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A survey of Kansas custom cattle feedlots was conducted in the fall of 1987. This paper summarizes the survey and discusses some of the custom cattle feeding services and charges being offered.

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Glucose, Starch, And Dextrin Utilization In The Small Intestine Of Steers, K.K. Kreikemeier, D.L. Harmon, T.B. Avery, Robert T. Brandt Jr. Jan 1988

Glucose, Starch, And Dextrin Utilization In The Small Intestine Of Steers, K.K. Kreikemeier, D.L. Harmon, T.B. Avery, Robert T. Brandt Jr.

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Glucose infused into the abomasum of Holstein steers resulted in higher arterial glucose concentrations and increased net glucose absorption than either starch or dextrin infusions. Increasing infusion rates above 20 g/hr for both starch and dextrin resulted in no further increases in net glucose absorption. Even though the enzymatic starch and dextrin hydrolysis became saturated above 25 g/hr, the amount of starch and dextrin disappearing in the small intestine increased with higher infusion rates. This was accompanied by increased volatile fatty acid concentrations in the ileal fluid with starch and dextrin infusions, but not when glucose was infused. These data …

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Effect Of Environmental Temperature And Inoculants On The Fermentation Of Alfalfa And Forage Sorghum Silages, K. Bolsen, A. Laytimi, L. Nuzback, R. Hart Jan 1988

Effect Of Environmental Temperature And Inoculants On The Fermentation Of Alfalfa And Forage Sorghum Silages, K. Bolsen, A. Laytimi, L. Nuzback, R. Hart

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The inoculants, TriLac ®and Ecosyl® increased the rate and efficiency of the ensiling process in both high (50%) and low (32.5%) dry matter alfalfa, regardless of temperature. In both alfalfa trials, the inoculated silages had significantly lower pH, acetic acid, ethanol, and ammonia-nitrogen values and higher lactic acid values than their control counterparts. The inoculants worked equally well when fermentation was at 60 or 90 F. Although similar effects were obtained with forage sorghum, the differences were not as pronounced as those for the alfalfa silages.

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An Analysis Of Weaning Weight Records In Kansas Cowherds From 1968 To 1985, R.C Perry, D.D. Simms, L.R. Corah, D.J. Patterson Jan 1988

An Analysis Of Weaning Weight Records In Kansas Cowherds From 1968 To 1985, R.C Perry, D.D. Simms, L.R. Corah, D.J. Patterson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A data set of 33,208 individual weaning records (1968-1985) from producers within Kansas was analyzed to determine factors influencing weaning weight. In determining the effect of calving sequence (21 day periods), only data from larger cowherds with records from at least 5 years were included (n=18,400). On the average, for every 21 days later a calf is born, there is a 22.8 lb decline in weaning weight. During the 17-year period that these records encompassed, there has been an average annual weaning weight increase of 4.6 lbs. This study suggests that factors influencing weaning weight in Kansas are age at …

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Effect Of Dietary Folic Acid Additions On Sow Performance Through Two Parities (1988), R C. Thaler, G L. Allee, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband Jan 1988

Effect Of Dietary Folic Acid Additions On Sow Performance Through Two Parities (1988), R C. Thaler, G L. Allee, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 153 gilts from three breeding groups were fed gestation/lactation diets supplemented with either 0, 1.5, or 6.0 g of folic acid/ton of complete feed for two consecutive parities. Serum folate levels were linearly increased by dietary additions of folic acid throughout gestation and lactation, but serum glucose and urea levels were unaffected by treatment. Stage of life cycle also had an effect on serum folate level. Generally, folate levels decreased from breeding to day 60 of gestation in parity 1 for all treatments, then increased through lactation. In parity 2, folate levels decreased up to day 90 …

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The Effects Of Porcine Somatotropin (Pst) Dosage And Dietary Lysine Level On Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Finishing Swine (1988), B R. Schricker, G R. Stoner, R J. Danler, R C. Thaler, B P. Kenny, S S. Hurt, G E. Fitzner, J Apple, K Warren, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert H. Hines, Donald H. Kropf, Joe D. Hancock Jan 1988

The Effects Of Porcine Somatotropin (Pst) Dosage And Dietary Lysine Level On Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Finishing Swine (1988), B R. Schricker, G R. Stoner, R J. Danler, R C. Thaler, B P. Kenny, S S. Hurt, G E. Fitzner, J Apple, K Warren, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert H. Hines, Donald H. Kropf, Joe D. Hancock

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

One hundred and forty-four finishing pigs (initial weight 126 lb) were utilized to determine the effects of PST dosage (4 or 8 mg PST' head^-1day^-1 ) and dietary lysine level (.8, 1,0, 1.2, or 1.4%) on growth performance and carcass characteristics. Pigs were injected daily in the extensor muscle of the neck with either 4 or 8 mg PST and fed a pelleted corn-soybean meal-sesame meal diet containing .8% lysine. Additional lysine levels of 1.0, 1.2, and 1.4% were provided by L-lysine HCl. Control pigs (placebo injection) received the .8% lysine diet. All diets were formulated to contain at least …

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Effects Of Raw Soybeans, Roasted Soybeans, And Soybean Oil On Finishing Pig Performance (1988), Robert D. Goodband, Robert H. Hines Jan 1988

Effects Of Raw Soybeans, Roasted Soybeans, And Soybean Oil On Finishing Pig Performance (1988), Robert D. Goodband, Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two trials were conducted to evaluate the effects of raw soybeans, roasted soybeans, and soybean oil on finishing pig performance. In trial 1 pigs were fed a low protein control diet containing 7.5% soybean meal and synthetic lysine. Raw soybeans were added at levels of 8.75, 11.90, 15.05, and 18.20% of the diet. The raw soybean additions replaced the synthetic lysine and part of the milo in the diet and provided lysine levels of .60, .67, .74, and .81% as raw soybean level increased, respectively. Increasing level of raw soybeans had no affect on average daily gain (ADG) or average …

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Evaluation Of Mga And Prostaglandin As An Estrous Synchronization Procedure Under Field Conditions, P.L. Houghton, L.R. Corah, T.B. Goehring Jan 1988

Evaluation Of Mga And Prostaglandin As An Estrous Synchronization Procedure Under Field Conditions, P.L. Houghton, L.R. Corah, T.B. Goehring

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

When fed MGA (0.5 mg.hd/day) for 14 days, followed by a prostaglandin injection 17 days later, a total of 736 out of 1112 heifers at 11 locations expressed signs of estrus within 5 days following the PG injection for a 66.2% response to synchronization. Response rates between locations ranged from 33 to 95% (P<.05). In a comparison of prostaglandin forms at 5 locations, using 789 heifers, response to synchronization was similar (P=.66) between Lutalyse® (62.7% response) and Bovilene® (59.6% response). First-service conception rate was compared in 411 heifers at two locations and was higher for Lutalyse (68.996) than Bovilene (59.996) (P<.08). First-service conception rate varied by technician (P<.05) and ranged from 48.7 to 83.6%.

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Limit Versus Full Creep For Calves Grazing Late Summer Bluestem, B. Cochran, Gerry L. Kuhl, T. Delcurto, L. Corah, E. Vanzant Jan 1988

Limit Versus Full Creep For Calves Grazing Late Summer Bluestem, B. Cochran, Gerry L. Kuhl, T. Delcurto, L. Corah, E. Vanzant

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Limit-feeding a soybean meal/milo creep supplement (1696 crude protein, average 3.096 salt) was compared with ad libitum consumption of the same supplement without salt or with no supplementation. Little difference was evident in average daily gain of calves among treatments. However, poor supplement consumption may have affected results.

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Influence Of Limited-Creep Feeding On Pre And Postweaning Performance Of Spring Born Calves, P. Houghton, F. Brazle, Gerry L. Kuhl, B. Schalles, K. Zoellner Jan 1988

Influence Of Limited-Creep Feeding On Pre And Postweaning Performance Of Spring Born Calves, P. Houghton, F. Brazle, Gerry L. Kuhl, B. Schalles, K. Zoellner

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two limited-creep feeding trials were conducted in Northwest and Southeast Kansas using spring-born, suckling calves to evaluate the effect of available forage supply on creep-fed calf performance. Energy vs. protein creep feeds were compared at each location. Creep feed intake was limited with salt to achieve an average daily intake of about 1.5 lb per head. Calves consuming the limited energy and protein creep feeds gained from 0.1 to 0.6 lb more per head daily preweaning, and required 2.3 to 7.6 lb of creep per lb of extra weaning weight. Postweaning gains of the noncreep-fed calves were .12 to .27 …

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Horn Fly And Face Fly Control With The Dustacator® Combination Mineral Feeder And Livestock Dusting Device, Donald E. Mock, R.R. Schalles Jan 1988

Horn Fly And Face Fly Control With The Dustacator® Combination Mineral Feeder And Livestock Dusting Device, Donald E. Mock, R.R. Schalles

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Dustacators (combination mineral feeders and livestock dusting devices) were used for four beef herds at Kansas State University in 1985. Loose mineral was supplied in all four Dustacator tubs, which were adjusted to low settings. Permethrin dust had no apparent effect on horn flies. Co-Ral® from two sources and Rabon® provided approximately 65% horn fly reduction during the 53-day test period. The 1986 experiment compared the effects of Dustacator mineral tub height adjustments and loose vs. block mineral. Co-Hal 1% dust from a single source was used in all treatments on two Simmental herds and two Polled Hereford herds. Excellent …

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Influence Of Supplemental Protein Concentration On The Performance Of Beef Cows Grazing Dormant Bluestem Range, T. Delcurto, B. Cochran, L. Corah Jan 1988

Influence Of Supplemental Protein Concentration On The Performance Of Beef Cows Grazing Dormant Bluestem Range, T. Delcurto, B. Cochran, L. Corah

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Three milo/soybean meal mixtures representing three supplemental crude protein concentrations (13, 26, and 39%) were evaluated in terms of pregnant beef cow performance. Cow weight and body condition changes responded in a linear fashion to increasing protein. Cattle fed the high protein (39% Crude Protein) supplement lost the least weight and body condition, whereas cattle supplemented with the low protein treatment lost the most. Although there was little difference between treatment groups in terms of reproductive efficiency and subsequent calf performance, moderate (26% Crude Protein) and high protein supplements appear to offer the most benefit in maintaining cow\weight and body …

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Influence Of Supplemental Grain Type On Forage Utilization By Beef Steers Consuming Early Summer Bluestem, E.S. Vanzant, R.C. Cochran, A.A. Beharka, T.B. Avery Jan 1988

Influence Of Supplemental Grain Type On Forage Utilization By Beef Steers Consuming Early Summer Bluestem, E.S. Vanzant, R.C. Cochran, A.A. Beharka, T.B. Avery

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Supplementation of early summer bluestem with low levels of corn, wheat, or sorghum grain had no effect on forage intake, forage digestibility, or total dry matter digestibility in beef steers, compared with a regimen of no supplementation. Increased total dry matter intakes for the supplemented steers reflected supplement consumption.

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Influence Of Sustained Rumensin Release On Steer Performance And Forage Utilization, B. Cochran, E. Vanzant, T. Avery, Jack G. Riley Jan 1988

Influence Of Sustained Rumensin Release On Steer Performance And Forage Utilization, B. Cochran, E. Vanzant, T. Avery, Jack G. Riley

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Steers managed within an intensive-early stocking program and receiving Rumensin® via a slow-release bolus tended to have higher average daily gains than steers not receiving Rumensin. However, forage organic matter intake, fill, digestibility, and diet selection showed little response to Rumensin administration.

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Stocking Rate Effects On Intensive-Early Stocked Bluestem Range, R. Cochran, E.F. Smith, Clenton E. Owensby Jan 1988

Stocking Rate Effects On Intensive-Early Stocked Bluestem Range, R. Cochran, E.F. Smith, Clenton E. Owensby

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Based on a six-year study, stocking at 2.5x and 3.0x normal season-long rates for the first half of the growing season with no grazing during the latter half results in individual steer gains that are equal to those under the 2.0x rate. The gain per acre was greatly increased at the higher stocking rates. Grass remaining in early October was 20 percent lower on pastures stocked at the 2.5x and 3.0x rates than at the 2.0x rate. However, there was no trend toward further reductions over the study period. Botanical composition did not change greatly as a result of the …

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Effect Of Medicated Mineral Mixtures And A Pinkeye Vaccine On The Gain And Health Of Steers Grazing Native Grass Pastures, F. Brazle Jan 1988

Effect Of Medicated Mineral Mixtures And A Pinkeye Vaccine On The Gain And Health Of Steers Grazing Native Grass Pastures, F. Brazle

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Feeding supplements containing an antibiotic or ionophore improved stocker gains by .06 to .26 lb per head daily. A combination of Bovatec and Aureomycin in the mineral mixture improved (P<.08) steer gains over feeding Aureomycin alone. Mineral intake was higher than expected for the steers grazing burned, double-stocked) native grass pastures in 1987. Vaccinating steers with Piliguard at turn-out had no effect on pinkeye incidence and reduced stocker gains slightly.

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Effect Of Ralgro® On Performance Of Steers Grazing High And Low Endophyte Fungus-Infested Tall Fescue Pastures, F.K. Brazle Jan 1988

Effect Of Ralgro® On Performance Of Steers Grazing High And Low Endophyte Fungus-Infested Tall Fescue Pastures, F.K. Brazle

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Steers were either not implanted or implanted with 36 or 72 mg of Ralgro, then allowed to graze on both high and low endophyte fungus tall fescue pastures. Ralgro had a greater effect on improving gains of steers grazing high endophyte fungus pastures than on those grazing lowly infected fescue pastures.

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Influence Of Ralgro® On Suckling Calf Performance On Tall Fescue Pastures With Various Levels Of Endophyte Infestation, F. Brazle, J. Whittier Jan 1988

Influence Of Ralgro® On Suckling Calf Performance On Tall Fescue Pastures With Various Levels Of Endophyte Infestation, F. Brazle, J. Whittier

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Four hundred and ten cow-calf pairs were allotted to tall fescue pastures containing 40, 45, or 70% endophyte fungus infestation. One half of the calves in each pasture were implanted with Ralgro® initially and reimplanted about 110 days later. Calf gains on the 70% endophyte fungus pasture showed a greater (P<.05) response to implanting than those grazing the 40 and 45% endophyte-infested tall fescue pastures during the 165 day trial.

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The Effect Of Physical Characteristics On The Price Of Stocker And Feeder Cattle, F. Brazle, J. Mintert, Ted C. Schroeder, O. Grunewald Jan 1988

The Effect Of Physical Characteristics On The Price Of Stocker And Feeder Cattle, F. Brazle, J. Mintert, Ted C. Schroeder, O. Grunewald

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A survey of feeder cattle sales was conducted at seven Kansas cattle auctions during 1986 and 1987. A wide variety of physical characteristics was found to influence feeder cattle prices. The price impact resulting from changes in fill and condition varied seasonally. Although calves showing any signs of health problems received severe price discounts, the presence of other undesirable characteristics also resulted in discounts, but to lesser degrees.

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