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Animal Sciences

Kansas State University Libraries

1981

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1981 Report Of Agricultural Research, Southeast Kansas Branch Station, K. W. Kelley, L. W. Lomas, J. L. Moyer, R. E. Lamond Jan 1981

1981 Report Of Agricultural Research, Southeast Kansas Branch Station, K. W. Kelley, L. W. Lomas, J. L. Moyer, R. E. Lamond

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

This annual research report is to inform area farmers of what is being attempted and accomplished at the Southeast Kansas Branch Experiment Station to serve the area. During 1980 the Station headquarters was moved from Mound Valley to Parsons, the location of one of the units of the Station since 1967. Effort at the Mound Valley location continues without reduction. The third unit of the Station is near Columbus. This report covers four areas of research emphasis: crops, forages, beef cattle, and soil and water management. The information is intended for producers, industry cooperators, and other interested persons.

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Estrous Synchronization And Fertility In Allyl Trenbolone-Treated Gilts (1981), Jeffrey S. Stevenson, W E. Schmidt, Duane L. Davis Jan 1981

Estrous Synchronization And Fertility In Allyl Trenbolone-Treated Gilts (1981), Jeffrey S. Stevenson, W E. Schmidt, Duane L. Davis

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Onset of estrus in gilts fed allyl-trenbolone for either 14 or 18 days was controlled effectively. The stage of the cycle at the beginning of treatment had little effect on the synchronization response. More than 97% of the treated gilts showed estrus within 3 to 8 days after the last progestagen feeding. Treatment did not affect gestation length, farrowing rate, or litter size.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 12, 1981

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Adding Whey And Fishmeal To Swine Finishing Diets (1981), Robert H. Hines Jan 1981

Adding Whey And Fishmeal To Swine Finishing Diets (1981), Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

One hundred fifty finishing pigs were studied to evaluate the effect of adding whey and/or fishmeal to a sorghum grain-soybean meal basal swine diet. No significant effects due to treatment were observed on rate of gain, daily feed intake, or feed per lb. of gain for finishing pigs.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 12, 1981

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Growing Vegetables And Flowering Plants In A Greenhouse Supplied With Swine-Building Exhaust Air (1981), J K. Greig, C K. Spillman, B A. Koch Jan 1981

Growing Vegetables And Flowering Plants In A Greenhouse Supplied With Swine-Building Exhaust Air (1981), J K. Greig, C K. Spillman, B A. Koch

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Exhaust air from a Kansas State University swine-finishing house provides C02 and possibly other gases that are being used by vegetable plants in a KSU green house. In addition, a rock-storage system reduces fuel requirements of the greenhouse. Tomatoes and cucumbers have been the major food crops studied, but transplant production of geraniums, marigolds, snapdragons, and calendula also has been studied. Poinsettias were grown as a fall crop in 1980.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 12, 1981

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Value Of Adding Fat To Finishing Diets To Alleviate Heat Stress (1981), David A. Nichols, D R. Ames, G L. Allee, Robert H. Hines Jan 1981

Value Of Adding Fat To Finishing Diets To Alleviate Heat Stress (1981), David A. Nichols, D R. Ames, G L. Allee, Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Crossbred barrows, observed at temperatures of 62 and 95°F, were fed either a control or a fat added diet. Pigs housed at 95°F ate significantly less feed, gained slower, and were less efficient than littermates housed at 62°F. Fat addition to the diet did not significantly influence performance when fed at 62 or 95°F. The addition of fat did not appear to reduce heat stress or improve performance when fed at the higher temperature.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 12, 1981

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Intermittant Antibiotics Vs. Continuous Antibiotics For The Finishing Pig (1981), Robert H. Hines Jan 1981

Intermittant Antibiotics Vs. Continuous Antibiotics For The Finishing Pig (1981), Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The use of low or high level antibiotics fed continuously or intermittantly (2 week rotation) to 310 finishing pigs was evaluated in two trials. No significant improvements were noted for rate of gain or feed per lb. of gain in pigs fed antibiotics either continuously or intermittantly, as compared with pigs fed no antibiotics. No difference in performance was observed in pigs fed antibiotics intermittantly or continuously. The rotation of two high level antibiotics in Trial II did not significantly improve the performance of pigs over that of pigs fed no antibiotics.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 12, 1981

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Effect Of Space Allowance With And Without Antibiotic On Performance Of Weaned Pigs (1981), Robert H. Hines Jan 1981

Effect Of Space Allowance With And Without Antibiotic On Performance Of Weaned Pigs (1981), Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two feeding trials were conducted to evaluate 1.5, 2.5, and 3.5 sq. ft. of space allowance for the four week old weaned pig. In addition, performance of pigs fed an antibiotic (ASP 250) versus no antibiotic at each space allowance was evaluated. The pigs fed an antibiotic gained significantly faster than pigs receiving no antibiotic; however, most of the improvements were observed the first three weeks of the five week trial. Maximum growth was observed at 2.5 sq. ft. and 3.5 sq. ft. of space allowance. Pigs given 1.5 sq. ft. gained slightly slower throughout the trial. This study suggests …

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Effect Of Diet Complexity And Physical Form On Performance Of Starter Pigs And On Efficiency Of Feed Processing (1981), S Pollmann, Keith C. Behnke, G Allee Jan 1981

Effect Of Diet Complexity And Physical Form On Performance Of Starter Pigs And On Efficiency Of Feed Processing (1981), S Pollmann, Keith C. Behnke, G Allee

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

In two trials 330 crossbred pigs averaging 12 pounds were used to evaluate the effect of starter diet complexity and physical form on average daily gain, feed efficiency, and cost of gain. In a processing efficiency trial, pellet durability, amount fines returned, and power consumption were determined. A diet with milo-soybean meal as a basis (simple) was compared with one containing 3% tallow and 5% dried whey in milo-soybean meal (complex). Each was processed into three physical forms: meal, pellet, and crumble. Adding 3% tallow and 5% whey to milo-soybean meal diet did not improve performance of the starter pigs …

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Soybean Protein In Milk Replacer Diets For Baby Pigs (1981), G L. Allee, P Hsu, R S. Prather Jan 1981

Soybean Protein In Milk Replacer Diets For Baby Pigs (1981), G L. Allee, P Hsu, R S. Prather

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two trials, involving 108 pigs, were conducted to evaluate the effects of replacing milk protein with various levels of soybean protein in milk replacer diets. Pigs fed diets in which 25 or 50% of the milk protein was replaced with a modified soybean had weight gains and efficiencies similar to those of pigs fed the all-milk-protein diet, but incidence of scours decreased. Protein digestibility decreased as the level of soybean protein in the diet increased. These results suggest that 25 to 50% of the milk protein in a 28% protein milk replacer diet can be replaced with a modified soybean …

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Rapid Id Of Diarrhea Causing K88 E. Coli (1981), K W. Mills, R M. Phillips, B L. Kelly, G L. Baughman Jan 1981

Rapid Id Of Diarrhea Causing K88 E. Coli (1981), K W. Mills, R M. Phillips, B L. Kelly, G L. Baughman

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The efficiency of the standard agglutination test, Y-1 mouse adrenal cell test, and infant-mouse gastric test was compared with a recently developed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detecting the K88 pilus antigen and enterotoxin-producing E. coli. Isolates from clinical samples were identified on suspensions of bacteria. The sensitivity of the assay was in the nanogram-per-ml range as determined by measuring purified pili.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 12, 1981

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Plasma And Milk Oxytetracycline Levels In Post Parturient Sows (1981), D Schoneweis, S Hummels, L Schulteis Jan 1981

Plasma And Milk Oxytetracycline Levels In Post Parturient Sows (1981), D Schoneweis, S Hummels, L Schulteis

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Plasma and milk samples were collected from three sows injected with LA 200 at 4 hours after injection and at 24-hour intervals thereafter. The single dose was calculated at 1 ml/22 pounds.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 12, 1981

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Alfalfa Haylage For Sows During Gestation (1981), G L. Allee Jan 1981

Alfalfa Haylage For Sows During Gestation (1981), G L. Allee

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Digestion and nitrogen retention studies suggest that three pounds of good quality alfalfa haylage dry matter and two pounds of a grain, mineral, and vitamin premix will meet the nutritional requirements of sows during gestation. Quality of the haylage is extremely important for sows. Third-cutting alfalfa had a higher digestible energy and digestible protein than did the more mature first-cutting haylage. The digestible energy of alfalfa haylage for sows was 954 to 1,096 Kcal/pound. Sows fed alfalfa haylage and ONLY ONE pound of a grain vitamin and mineral premix farrowed pigs that were lighter at birth than pigs farrowed from …

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Performance And Carcass Traits Of Feeder Calves Scored For Muscling, Frame Size, And Condition, Dell M. Allen, Kenneth E. Kemp, Michael E. Dikeman Jan 1981

Performance And Carcass Traits Of Feeder Calves Scored For Muscling, Frame Size, And Condition, Dell M. Allen, Kenneth E. Kemp, Michael E. Dikeman

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Calves with different USDA frame sizes had similar carcass composition and quality when slaughtered within the recommended weight range for their frame size. Large-framed calves had higher dressing percentages and gained faster than medium- or small-framed calves. Condition score appeared more useful than muscling score to characterize calves' performance and carcass traits. Calves thin at weaning had poorer performance, lower marbling scores, less fat, and higher retail product percentages than calves in medium or fat condition at weaning. Medium condition calves gained faster, had less fat, higher retail product percentages, and lower marbling scores than fat calves. Calves with large …

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Effects Of Protein Level, Calcium:Phosphorous Ratio And Monensin On Performance Of Finishing Steers, S. Durham, Jack G. Riley, Ronald V. Pope Jan 1981

Effects Of Protein Level, Calcium:Phosphorous Ratio And Monensin On Performance Of Finishing Steers, S. Durham, Jack G. Riley, Ronald V. Pope

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Ration crude protein levels of 10.4% and 12.0% were fed with or without monensin and with calcium-to-phosphorous ratios (Ca:P) of 1:2, 2:1, or 1:1. Steers fed 10.4% crude protein, a 1:1 Ca:P, and Monensin had highest average daily gains and were most efficient. Extra protein in the 12% ration or the extra calcium in the 2:1 ration produced no benefits. Phosphorous in the 1:2 Ca:P apparently was excessive, as indicated by depressed daily gain and poorer efficiency. Monensin significantly increased average daily gain and improved feed efficiency.

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Effect Of Compudose On Grazing Steers In Pasture, Then In Feedlot, L. Corah, Jack G. Riley, Ronald V. Pope Jan 1981

Effect Of Compudose On Grazing Steers In Pasture, Then In Feedlot, L. Corah, Jack G. Riley, Ronald V. Pope

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Steers implanted with an estradiol removable implant (Compudose) gained 14.8% faster during 121 days of grazing and 12.1% faster in the feedlot than control steers not implanted. Implanting improved feed efficiency 6.9% during finishing. Removing implants after grazing resulted in slowest and least efficient feedlot gains. Steers implanted only during the finishing phase gained the fastest and most efficiently in feedlot. Results of this 240-day test indicate that one implant stimulates performance at least 240 days

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Fat Thickness As An Alternative To Marbling In Beef Carcass Grading, Kenneth E. Kemp, Michael E. Dikeman Jan 1981

Fat Thickness As An Alternative To Marbling In Beef Carcass Grading, Kenneth E. Kemp, Michael E. Dikeman

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Data from 1669 steers show that equally palatable beef comes from carcasses with Choice marbling OR 0.4 inch of outside fat cover. Including cattle with 0.4 inch of fat and at least Slight marbling in a new choice grade would cut 20 to 30 days from the feeding period.

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Factors Affecting Conception After Synchronization With Lutalyse® And Timed Insemination, M. King, G.H. Kiracofe, R.M. Mckee Jan 1981

Factors Affecting Conception After Synchronization With Lutalyse® And Timed Insemination, M. King, G.H. Kiracofe, R.M. Mckee

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

With heifers given two injections of Lutalyse 11 days apart, and inseminated 80 hours after the second injection, only 20% in heat before 48 hours conceived compared with 65% that were in heat 48 to 80 hours after injection. Those showing heat early may have been inseminated too late. Heifers receiving their second injection on day 7. 8, or 9 of the cycle came into heat earlier than those injected on days 10 through 15.

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Effect Of Limited Suckling On Reproductive Performance And Milk Production Of Cows And Weight Gains And Suckling Behavior Of Calves, Kenneth G. Odde, G.H. Kiracofe, R.R. Schalles Jan 1981

Effect Of Limited Suckling On Reproductive Performance And Milk Production Of Cows And Weight Gains And Suckling Behavior Of Calves, Kenneth G. Odde, G.H. Kiracofe, R.R. Schalles

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

We used 109 Polled Hereford and percentage Simmental cows to evaluate limited suckling as an aid to induce cows to cycle after calving. Cows were allotted to: 1. once daily suckle; 2. twice daily suckle; 3. 48 hr calf removal (just before breeding season); and 4. controls (suckle ad libitum). Half of each group was implanted with Norgestomet 9 days before the breeding season. Limited suckling increased the number of cows showing estrus and conceiving early in the breeding season, and Norgestomet increased the percentage pregnant the first 21 days of the breeding season.

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Effects Of Weaning Weight On Reproductive Performance In Beef Heifers, L.R. Sprott, L.R. Corah, G.H. Kiracofe Jan 1981

Effects Of Weaning Weight On Reproductive Performance In Beef Heifers, L.R. Sprott, L.R. Corah, G.H. Kiracofe

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Fertility during the first two breeding seasons was not affected by the dam's weaning weight, but lightest heifers at weaning reached puberty later, had smaller pelvic areas at calving, more difficult deliveries, had more calves die, and weaned a smaller percentage of their calves.

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The Effects Of Stocking Rate And Level Of Winter Supplementation On Pregnancy Rates In Spring Calving Cows In The Kansas Flint Hills, L.R. Sprott, L.R. Corah, G.H. Kiracofe, Clenton E. Owensby Jan 1981

The Effects Of Stocking Rate And Level Of Winter Supplementation On Pregnancy Rates In Spring Calving Cows In The Kansas Flint Hills, L.R. Sprott, L.R. Corah, G.H. Kiracofe, Clenton E. Owensby

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Pregnancy rates the first 40 days of breeding were lower in cows stocked at less than 6 acres/AU than in those allowed more grazing acres. Supplementation rate during the last 100 days of gestation had little effect on pregnancy rates. Thin cows that had weaned their firs calf had lowest pregnancy rates.

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Four Ear Tags Evaluated, L.R. Sprott, L.R. Corah Jan 1981

Four Ear Tags Evaluated, L.R. Sprott, L.R. Corah

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Four types of ear tags were evaluated for retention over 2 years. Retention was low for one type, and high for the other three types.

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The Effects Of Rumensin® And Two Levels Of Energy Prior To Calving On Reproductive Performance In First Calf Heifers, L.R. Sprott, L.R. Corah, Jack G. Riley, G.H. Kiracofe Jan 1981

The Effects Of Rumensin® And Two Levels Of Energy Prior To Calving On Reproductive Performance In First Calf Heifers, L.R. Sprott, L.R. Corah, Jack G. Riley, G.H. Kiracofe

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Heifers fed low energy diets gained less before calving, took longer from calving to first estrus, and dropped lighter calves. Their conception rates were lower and fewer showed estrus the first 20 days of breeding. Rumensin lengthened the time from calving to estrus with no effect on calf birth weight, milk production, or percentage of calves weaned. However, calves from heifers fed Rumensin gained faster. Long-term Rumensin feeding to heifers (from weaning through second breeding) increased weight gain and hastened puberty with no effect on reproductive performance. Rumensin-fed dams tended to wean heavier calves.

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Feeding Mga To Grazing Heifers, L. Corah, F. Brazle, Jeffrey L. Davidson Jan 1981

Feeding Mga To Grazing Heifers, L. Corah, F. Brazle, Jeffrey L. Davidson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Feeding MGA to grazing heifers suppressed estrus but did not improve gain.

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Growing Rations Of Forage Sorghum Silage And Alfalfa Haylage, H. Ilg, K. Bolsen, Michael E. Dikeman Jan 1981

Growing Rations Of Forage Sorghum Silage And Alfalfa Haylage, H. Ilg, K. Bolsen, Michael E. Dikeman

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Growing rations containing forage sorghum silage (FSS) or equal amounts of FSS and alfalfa haylage were fed to crossbred steer calves for 112 days. Steers consumed more of the FSS + haylage but rate and efficiency of gain were best for steers fed the FSS. We calculated the value of alfalfa haylage at various prices for FSS and soybean meal.

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Ensila Plus And Cold-Flo Additives For Corn Silage, K. Bolsen, H. Ilg Jan 1981

Ensila Plus And Cold-Flo Additives For Corn Silage, K. Bolsen, H. Ilg

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Enzyme (Ensila Plus) and non-protein nitrogen (Cold-flo) silage additives were evaluated with whole-plant corn silage. Cold-flo increased ensiling temperatures 6 to 80 F during the first week. Growing steers fed Ensila Plus, Cold-flo, or control + SBM silage rations had similar performances, and better than steers fed a control + urea ration. Cold-flo corn silage was more stable in air than control or Ensila Plus silages. No heating or molding was observed in Cold-flo silage after 28 days of air exposure; control silage heated after 10 days; Ensila Plus after 8 days. Dry matter removed from the silos and fed …

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Effects Of Sila-Bac And Silo Guard On Alfalfa Silage Quality And Corn Supplementation On Steer Performance, K. Bolsen, H. Ilg, M. Hinds Jan 1981

Effects Of Sila-Bac And Silo Guard On Alfalfa Silage Quality And Corn Supplementation On Steer Performance, K. Bolsen, H. Ilg, M. Hinds

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Inoculant (Sila-bac) and enzyme (Silo Guard) silage additives were evaluated with first-cutting alfalfa silage. Control and treated silages were made in 50-ton concrete stave silos and three types of experimental silos (nylon bags buried in the stave silos, 5-ga11on plastic containers, and 55-gallon metal drums). Each silage from the stave silos was full-fed to 16 steers in individual pens. Half the steers received 2 lbs. of supplement; the other half received supplement + 2 lbs. of cracked corn. Steers fed Sila-bac and Silo Guard silages performed slightly better than those fed control silage. Adding cracked corn improved rate of gain …

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Prostaglandin F2Α To Induce Farrowing In Sows (1981), Duane L. Davis Jan 1981

Prostaglandin F2Α To Induce Farrowing In Sows (1981), Duane L. Davis

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Alternate groups of sows were synchronized, with prostaglandin, to farrow within a certain time or to serve as controls. The objective was to determine if baby-pig survival or litter-weaning weight would be improved by such group farrowing. Results indicated no improvement in those traits; therefore, if prostaglandin is used under the conditions of this experiment, its cost will have to be justified by other considerations.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 12, 1981

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Farrowing Duration And Its Effects On Pig Performance (1981), J D. Wheat, G L. Allee, Robert H. Hines Jan 1981

Farrowing Duration And Its Effects On Pig Performance (1981), J D. Wheat, G L. Allee, Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Based on the first 76 farrowings recorded, average duration (the time between the birth of the first pig and of the last pig in the litter) was 129.09±7.28 minutes, and the average time interval between pigs was 15.71± 1.02 minutes. Longer farrowings were associated with longer intervals (r=.73), but farrowing duration and litter size at birth were not closely related (r=.19, P>.05). Farrowing duration was positively associated with the number of pigs born alive (r=.34, P<.0l). Farrowing interval, a better criterion of speed of farrowing than farrowing duration, was significantly associated with number of pigs alive at birth and at weaning; the correlations were, respectively, -.75 and -.78. Farrowing interval was also negatively associated with litter weight at 21 days, the correlation was -.32 (P<.05). So naturally it was negatively associated with the National Swine Improvement Federation's sow-productivity index: (r=-18, P<.05). The index is 6.5 times the number of pigs born alive plus litter weight of pigs 21 days old. The number of live pigs per litter at birth averaged 9.75±.34 and at 21 days, 8.60±1.2.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 12, 1981

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Effect Of Diet And Method Of Feeding On Performance Of Pigs Weaned At Three Weeks Of Age (1981), J R. Clarkson, G L. Allee Jan 1981

Effect Of Diet And Method Of Feeding On Performance Of Pigs Weaned At Three Weeks Of Age (1981), J R. Clarkson, G L. Allee

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Four trials involving 600 pigs weaned at 15 to 23 days were conducted to evaluate pig performance as affected by added whey and method of feeding during the first week after weaning. Pigs fed 20% dried whole whey gained faster the first two weeks after weaning and during the 35-day trial than did pigs fed a milo-soybean meal diet with no whey. Ten percent dried whole whey did not improve performance over that of the control diet, and 30% dried whey showed no advantage over the 20% whey diet. Pigs fed delactosed whey substituted on a protein basis for 20% …

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Performance Of Weanling Pigs As Influenced By Feeding Insect-And Fungal-Damaged Grain Sorghum (1981), J C. Dietz, Keith C. Behnke, G A. Allee, C W. Deyoe Jan 1981

Performance Of Weanling Pigs As Influenced By Feeding Insect-And Fungal-Damaged Grain Sorghum (1981), J C. Dietz, Keith C. Behnke, G A. Allee, C W. Deyoe

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Using 128 crossbred pigs with an average initial weight of 18.3 Kg, we determined the effect that insect- and fungal-damaged sorghum would have on the pigs' performance. No differences were found in daily feed consumption for any treatment during a 28-day feeding trial. Average daily gains and feed efficiencies were similar to those of the control for pigs fed grain sorghum that had been damaged by lesser grain borer; red beetle; a mixture of lesser grain borer, flat grain beetle, and indian meal moth, or Aspergilas Candidus. Pigs fed grain sorghum damaged by rice weevil showed lower average daily gains …

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