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Animal Sciences

Kansas State University Libraries

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

1999

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Articles 1 - 30 of 107

Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences

Predicting Lysine Requirements Using Protein And Lipid Accretion Curves For Growing-Finishing Gilts (1999), M De La Llata, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz Jan 1999

Predicting Lysine Requirements Using Protein And Lipid Accretion Curves For Growing-Finishing Gilts (1999), M De La Llata, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of240 growing-finishing gilts (60 to 260 lb) was used to model accretion rates and the lysine:calorie ratio requirement based on lipid and protein growth. Real-time ultrasound measurements were used to estimate lipid and protein contents. These estimates then were translated into feed intake and lysine requirements. Gilts were fed one of eight different diet regimens, consisting of four increasing lysine:calorie ratios and two levels of fat (0 and 6%). Lipid and protein deposition rates could effectively model feed intake when pigs were fed lysine:calorie ratios close to their requirement. The modeled accretion rates effectively predicted the differences between …

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Effects Of Increasing Lysine:Calorie Ratio And Dietary Fat Addition On Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Growing-Finishing Barrows (1999), M De La Llata, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz Jan 1999

Effects Of Increasing Lysine:Calorie Ratio And Dietary Fat Addition On Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Growing-Finishing Barrows (1999), M De La Llata, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 1,200 growing-finishing barrows was used to determine the effects of increasing lysine:calorie ratio and dietary fat addition. Dietary treatments were arranged in a 2 x 4 factorial with two levels of fat (0 and 6%) and four lysine:calorie ratios in each of the four phases. The appropriate lysine: calorie ratios to maximize performance were: 3.01,2.25 to 2.50, 1.78 to 1.98, and 1.42 to 1.62 from 75 to 130, 130 to 175, 175 to 220, and 220 to 260 lb, respectively. These ratios equate to approximate total lysine levels of 1.00, .80, 65, and .53%, respectively, in corn-soybean …

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Effects Of Modified Tall Oil, Chromium Nicotinate, And L-Carnitine On Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Growing-Finishing Gilts (1999), P R. O'Quinn, A T. Waylan, J C. Woodworth, K Q. Owen, Robert D. Goodband, John A. Unruh, Jim L. Nelssen, Michael D. Tokach Jan 1999

Effects Of Modified Tall Oil, Chromium Nicotinate, And L-Carnitine On Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Growing-Finishing Gilts (1999), P R. O'Quinn, A T. Waylan, J C. Woodworth, K Q. Owen, Robert D. Goodband, John A. Unruh, Jim L. Nelssen, Michael D. Tokach

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A trial was conducted to investigate the interactive effects of modified tall oil (MTO), chromium nicotinate (CrNic), and L-carnitine on growth performance and carcass characteristics of finishing gilts. For the overall trial, MTO increased ADG and ADFI, and CrNic improved F/G. A CrNic x MTO interaction occurred for belly firmness; feeding CrNic in diets without MTO improved firmness, but feeding it in diets with MTO decreased firmness. Feeding L-carnitine did not have any beneficial effects on either growth performance or carcass characteristics. The results of this trial indicate that either CrNic or MTO will improve growth performance with minimal effects …

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The Interactive Effects Of Zinc Source And Feed Grade Medication On Weanling Pig Growth Performance (1999), J C. Woodworth, J T. Sawyer, K A. Maxwell, T M. Fakler, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband Jan 1999

The Interactive Effects Of Zinc Source And Feed Grade Medication On Weanling Pig Growth Performance (1999), J C. Woodworth, J T. Sawyer, K A. Maxwell, T M. Fakler, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two hundred eight-eight weanling pigs (initially 12.31bs and 18 d of age) were used in a 27-d growth assay to determine the interactive effects of Zn source and feed grade medication on growth performance. Experimental treatments were arranged in a 2 x 3 factorial with main effects of medication (none or 50 g/ton of carbadox) and Zn source (none, 250 ppm of Zn from a Zn amino acid complex, or 3,000 ppm of Zn from ZnO). The results suggest that dietary Zn improved growth performance primarily from d °to 14 and feed grade medication improved growth performance from d 14 …

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Effects Of Source And Level Of Dietary Lysine On Growth Performance Of Pigs From 24 To 48 Lb (1999), E L. Hansen, J C. Woodworth, P R. O'Quinn, La Llata M. De, M U. Steidinger, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz Jan 1999

Effects Of Source And Level Of Dietary Lysine On Growth Performance Of Pigs From 24 To 48 Lb (1999), E L. Hansen, J C. Woodworth, P R. O'Quinn, La Llata M. De, M U. Steidinger, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Three hundred twenty, 24 lb nursery pigs were fed for 19 days to compare the effects of increasing dietary lysine from L-Iysine HCl (L-Lys) or Peptide Plusâ„¢ (PP) on growth performance. Three dietary treatments (1.025, 1.15, and 1.275% lysine) were each formulated with L-Lys and PP. Negative and positive control corn-soybean meal-based diets were formulated to .90 and 1.275% lysine, respectively. Increasing dietary lysine to 1.275% from L-Lys or PP resulted in increased performance; however, pigs fed the positive control diet had the best overall performance.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 18, 1999

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Effect Of Protein Level In Prepartum Diets On Postpartum Performance Of Dairy Cows (1999), A. F. Park, Evan C. Titgemeyer, Michael V. Scheffel, M. J. Meyer Jan 1999

Effect Of Protein Level In Prepartum Diets On Postpartum Performance Of Dairy Cows (1999), A. F. Park, Evan C. Titgemeyer, Michael V. Scheffel, M. J. Meyer

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Seventy-five Holstein cows were used in a randomized complete block design to determine the level of dietary protein required to support metabolic functions and maintain body reserves during the periparturient period and subsequent lactation. Cows fed the 14.7% protein diet prepartum had a more ideal body condition score during the entire prepartum and postpartum periods. During the first 90 days of lactation, few consistent differences occurred among prepartum diets for milk production, but the response to rbST was greatest for cows fed 11.7, 13.7 or 14.7% protein prepartum. Full 305-day lactation records showed the most milk, fat, and protein for …

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Effects Of Temperature And Humidity On Cow Respiration Rates In Three Kansas And Two Nebraska Freestall Barns (1999), Joseph P. Harner, John F. Smith, Michael J. Brouk Jan 1999

Effects Of Temperature And Humidity On Cow Respiration Rates In Three Kansas And Two Nebraska Freestall Barns (1999), Joseph P. Harner, John F. Smith, Michael J. Brouk

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Temperatures and humidities outside and inside freestall barns and cow respiration rates were monitored on three Kansas and two Nebraska commercial dairy farms during the summer of 1999. All farms had 4-row freestall buildings with different cooling systems. The first Kansas barn could be cooled naturally and mechanically using evaporative cooling pads located on the east and west walls. The second Kansas barn was ventilated naturally by manually lowering the sidewall curtains and without sprinkling or ventilation systems. The third Kansas barn was ventilated naturally and equipped with fans located over the freestalls and feed-line sprinklers. The first Nebraska barn …

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Nutrient Analysis Of Sand-Laden Dairy Manure (1999), T. Strahm, Joseph P. Harner, David V. Key, James P. Murphy Jan 1999

Nutrient Analysis Of Sand-Laden Dairy Manure (1999), T. Strahm, Joseph P. Harner, David V. Key, James P. Murphy

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Nine concrete storage basins were sampled on Kansas dairies and analyzed for nutrient content of sand-laden dairy manure. The manure average 75% moisture content during the three sampling periods. The average total nitrogen, phosphate, and potash were 9.7, 4.6, and 7.4 lb/ton, respectively. The data collected from the basin indicated that when the scraped manure from a dairy is applied at an agronomic rate of 15 tons or less per acre, accumulation of nutrients should be minimal, in particular phosphorus. The manure value was $3 to $4 per ton depending on whether commercial sources of phosphorus normally would be applied …

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Influence Of Dietary Supplementation Of Modified Tall Oil And Vitamin E On Bacon Characteristics (1999), A T. Waylan, P R. O'Quinn, J C. Woodworth, S I. Koo, John A. Unruh, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Michael D. Tokach Jan 1999

Influence Of Dietary Supplementation Of Modified Tall Oil And Vitamin E On Bacon Characteristics (1999), A T. Waylan, P R. O'Quinn, J C. Woodworth, S I. Koo, John A. Unruh, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Michael D. Tokach

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Seventy-two crossbred (PIC) barrows were used to determine the influence of feeding modified tall oil (MTO, 0 or .5% of diet) and vitamin E (0, 10, or 50 IU/lb of feed) on bacon quality characteristics. Feeding MTO to pigs during both. the growing and finishing phases increased bacon slice firmness. Feeding swine MTO and vitamin E had minimal effects on bacon production, proximate analysis, and quality traits. Therefore, any of these combinations of MTO with vitamin E can be fed to swine to improve carcass traits without affecting bacon.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 18, 1999

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Effects Of Modified Tall Oil On Growth And Body Composition In Adult Ovariectomized Rats (1999), P R. O'Quinn, S I. Koo, S K. Noh, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach Jan 1999

Effects Of Modified Tall Oil On Growth And Body Composition In Adult Ovariectomized Rats (1999), P R. O'Quinn, S I. Koo, S K. Noh, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of modified tall oil (MTO) on growth and body composition of adult ovariectomized rats. This trial was targeted as a model for postmenopausal women; thus, only data applicable to swine production are presented herein. Feeding MTO decreased adiposity, increased concentrations of certain lipids in tissues, increased vitamin E (octocopherol) levels in the adipose, and increased actual lean content. These data lend support to the carcass leanness and meat quality improvements routinely seen in swine from feeding MTO.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 18, 1999

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On-Farm Salmonella Testing: Perspectives Of Pork Producers (1999), D R. Mark, Michael A. Boland, John A. Fox Jan 1999

On-Farm Salmonella Testing: Perspectives Of Pork Producers (1999), D R. Mark, Michael A. Boland, John A. Fox

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Pork producers in Kansas were surveyed to determine their attitudes regarding onfarm Salmonella testing and to provide estimates ofthe costs ofcollecting hide, fecal, or blood samples from live pigs. Veterinarians and Cooperative Extension Service personnel were cited most frequently as the most preferred groups for monitoring and verification. Results ofthe survey indicate that pork producers may be willing to conduct on-farm Salmonella testing, if they can recover the costs of sample collection. The sampling costs ranged from $1.76 to $4.72 per pig, depending on the method of sample collection.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 18, 1999

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Effects Of Repetitive High Energy Pulsed Power (Rhepp) Irradiation On Sensory Attributes, Color, And Shelf Life Of Ground Beef (1999), K.A. Hachmeister, Donald H. Kropf, V.S. Gill, R.J. Kaye, Melvin C. Hunt, James L. Marsden, Curtis L. Kastner Jan 1999

Effects Of Repetitive High Energy Pulsed Power (Rhepp) Irradiation On Sensory Attributes, Color, And Shelf Life Of Ground Beef (1999), K.A. Hachmeister, Donald H. Kropf, V.S. Gill, R.J. Kaye, Melvin C. Hunt, James L. Marsden, Curtis L. Kastner

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

We investigated the effects of packaging atmosphere and three levels of irradiation dose (Repetitive High Energy Pulsed Power, - RHEPP) on microbial populations, vitamin retention, and display color attributes of ground beef patties stored either chilled or frozen. Beef knuckles and beef fat were coarsely ground, sampled and analyzed to achieve 20% fat, mixed, ground through a 1/8 in. plate, and processed into 1/4-lb patties, which were sealed either aerobically or nitrogen-flushed. Patties were not irradiated or irradiated to 1.5 or 3.0 kGy, chilled, and displayed at 37 ± 4EF for 6 days under 150 foot-candles of Deluxe Warm White …

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Antibacterial Effectiveness Of A Second Generation Steam Pasteurization™ System For Beef Carcass Decontamination, A. Truax, S. Sporing, S.A. Rueger, M. Schafer, L.K. Bohra, L. Harris, Randall K. Phebus, Deanna D. Retzlaff Jan 1999

Antibacterial Effectiveness Of A Second Generation Steam Pasteurization™ System For Beef Carcass Decontamination, A. Truax, S. Sporing, S.A. Rueger, M. Schafer, L.K. Bohra, L. Harris, Randall K. Phebus, Deanna D. Retzlaff

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The original commercial Steam Pasteurization ™ System (SPS 400) involved a sealable moving car by which carcass sides were carried through the steam chamber at standard line speeds. A second generation "static chamber" system (SPS 400-SC) eliminates the mechanical moving car and has been installed in a large beef slaughter facility. We collected data to verify SPS 400-SC's effectiveness at chamber temperatures from 185 to 205EF in a batch process mode (only test carcasses passing through the unit at variable intervals to facilitate collection of research samples) and at 190EF with the system running continuously. Tissue samples were obtained from …

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Synchronizing Estrus In Replacement Beef Heifers Using Select Synch, Mga, And Pgf2 (1999), G.C. Lamb, J.A. Cartmill, B.A. Hensley, S. El-Zarkouny, J.S. Heldt, T.J. Marple, Jeffrey S. Stevenson Jan 1999

Synchronizing Estrus In Replacement Beef Heifers Using Select Synch, Mga, And Pgf2 (1999), G.C. Lamb, J.A. Cartmill, B.A. Hensley, S. El-Zarkouny, J.S. Heldt, T.J. Marple, Jeffrey S. Stevenson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The Select Synch protocol (GnRH at day - 7, PGF2 at day 0, AI at detected heat) was compared to protocols using either MGA + prostaglandin (Colorado system) or two injections of prostaglandin to synchronize estrus in replacement heifers at three locations. Percentage of heifers detected in heat before, during, or after the target breeding week was not different among treatments but varied in percentages among locations. Overall conception rates ranged from 64 to 69%. Pregnancy rates varied from 46 to 56% and tended to be greatest in the MGA + PGF2" treatment. Costs of these treatments ranged from $3.50 …

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Genetic Associations Of Growth And Lactation Curve Components In Polled Hereford Cattle (1999), J.B. Jr. Glaze, R.R. Schalles Jan 1999

Genetic Associations Of Growth And Lactation Curve Components In Polled Hereford Cattle (1999), J.B. Jr. Glaze, R.R. Schalles

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Weight and milk production records of Polled Hereford cows born from 1967 to 1979 were used to fit growth and lactation curves. A multiple-trait, derivative-free, restricted maximum likelihood (MTDFREML) procedure, utilizing a full animal model, was used to estimate variances and covariances for the components of the growth and lactation curves. For the growth curve, W=A+B(1-e-kt) components A, B, and k each had moderate to high heritabilities ranging from .35 to .72. The genetic correlation between growth curve components A and B was positive (.42), whereas the genetic correlations between A and K (-.34) and between B and K (-.74) …

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Effects Of Supplemental Carnitine On Nitrogen Balance And Blood Metabolites Of Growing Beef Steers Fed A High-Protein, Corn-Based Diet (1999), R.H. Greenwood, Gerald L. Stokka, Evan C. Titgemeyer Jan 1999

Effects Of Supplemental Carnitine On Nitrogen Balance And Blood Metabolites Of Growing Beef Steers Fed A High-Protein, Corn-Based Diet (1999), R.H. Greenwood, Gerald L. Stokka, Evan C. Titgemeyer

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Seven Angus-cross steers (475 lbs initial body weight) were used in a 7 x 4 incomplete Latin square experiment to evaluate the effects of supplemental L-carnitine on nitrogen balance and blood metabolites. Steers were fed the same high-protein, corn-based diet near ad libitum intake. Treatments were control and .25, .5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 3.0 grams/day of supplemental carnitine. Experimental periods were 18 days with 13 days for adaptation and 5 days for collection of feces and urine. Blood was collected at feeding and 3 and 6 hours after feeding on day 18 of each period. Supplementing steers with carnitine …

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Effects Of Supplementing Limit-Fed, Wheat Middling-Based Diets With Either Soybean Meal Or Non-Enzymatically Browned Soybean Meal On Growing Steer Performance (1999), C.M. Coetzer, E. Coetzer, R.H. Wessels, James S. Drouillard Jan 1999

Effects Of Supplementing Limit-Fed, Wheat Middling-Based Diets With Either Soybean Meal Or Non-Enzymatically Browned Soybean Meal On Growing Steer Performance (1999), C.M. Coetzer, E. Coetzer, R.H. Wessels, James S. Drouillard

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Seventy two individually fed Angus x Hereford steers (660 lb) were limit-fed, 16.7% CP wheat middling-based diets with 1.9 or 3.8 percentage units of additional CP from either soybean meal (SBM) or non-enzymatically browned soybean meal (NEBSBM). A limitfed, rolled corn-based diet (16.7% CP) also was included. Steers were fed once daily for 70 days at 2.25% of BW. The SBM provided 30% bypass protein, and NEBSBM provided 68%. Average daily gain and efficiency improved linearly with increasing level of NEBSBM (P<.05; ADG=2.482 + .106 (increase in % CP); feed to gain=6.26 - .22(increase in % CP)), but not with increasing levels of SBM. Steers fed the wheat middling diets had lower ADG and efficiency than those fed the corn control diet. These data suggest that bypass protein may be first limiting in highconcentrate, limit-fed growing diets composed predominantly of wheat middlings.

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Effect Of Level Of Non-Enzymatically Browned Soybean Meal In Limit-Fed, Grain Sorghum Diets For Growing Heifers (1999), R.D. Hunter, James S. Drouillard, Evan C. Titgemeyer Jan 1999

Effect Of Level Of Non-Enzymatically Browned Soybean Meal In Limit-Fed, Grain Sorghum Diets For Growing Heifers (1999), R.D. Hunter, James S. Drouillard, Evan C. Titgemeyer

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Grain sorghum-based diets were fed in a limit-feeding trial involving 72 heifers for 100 days. Heifers were fed one of four diets designed to provide 12.5%, 14.9%, 17.3%, and 19.6% crude protein. Protein levels in the diets were altered by providing up to 20% of the diet as non-enzymatically browned soybean meal (Soypassâ) at the expense of dry-rolled grain sorghum. Performance of heifers (gain and feed efficiency) tended (P=.15) to improve linearly as protein concentration of the diets was increased. The greatest improvements were observed at concentrations up to 17.3%.

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Limiting Amino Acids For Growing Cattle Fed Diets Based On Soybean Hulls (1999), H. Greenwood, C.A. Löest, Evan C. Titgemeyer Jan 1999

Limiting Amino Acids For Growing Cattle Fed Diets Based On Soybean Hulls (1999), H. Greenwood, C.A. Löest, Evan C. Titgemeyer

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Ruminally cannulated Holstein steers were used in three nitrogen balance experiments to determine the sequence of limiting amino acids for growing steers fed soybean hull-based diets. The steers in all experiments were fed the same basal diet (73% soybean hulls, 19% alfalfa, DM basis; formulated to minimize rumen undegradable intake protein and thus maximize microbial protein postruminally) and were given the same intraruminal infusions (400 grams per day acetate; to increase energy supply without increasing microbial protein supply). In experiment 1, treatments consisted of abomasal infusions of: water (control, no amino acids); Lmethionine; and a mixture of 10 essential amino …

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Using The Ovsynch Protocol For Prompt Re-Insemination Of Cows Diagnosed Open At Pregnancy Checks (1999), Jeffrey S. Stevenson Jan 1999

Using The Ovsynch Protocol For Prompt Re-Insemination Of Cows Diagnosed Open At Pregnancy Checks (1999), Jeffrey S. Stevenson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Using the Ovsynch protocol to prepare cows for re-insemination proved to be very effective. Its use guarantees that all cows found open at pregnancy diagnosis are reinseminated promptly within 10 days, and the average pregnancy rate of 28.7% in 136 cows was acceptable. Pregnancy rates were not different whether or not estrus was detected in cows at the timed insemination, but they tended to be greater at second services compared to other repeat services. The Ovsynch protocol is an effective tool to use to ensure prompt re-insemination of open cows.; Dairy Day, 1999, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 1999;

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Effect Of Interseeding Legumes Into Endophyte-Infected Tall Fescue Pastures On Forage Production And Steer Performance (1999), Lyle W. Lomas, Joseph L. Moyer, Gary L. Kilgore Jan 1999

Effect Of Interseeding Legumes Into Endophyte-Infected Tall Fescue Pastures On Forage Production And Steer Performance (1999), Lyle W. Lomas, Joseph L. Moyer, Gary L. Kilgore

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 135 steers grazed high-endophyte tall fescue pasture interseeded with either lespedeza, red clover, or ladino clover during 1995, 1996, and 1997. Legume cover, forage dry matter production, grazing steer performance, and subsequent feedlot performance were measured. Legume treatment caused no differences in forage availability. Grazing gains corresponded to the amount of legume coverage present. Results of this study indicate that interseeding high endophyte fescue pastures with ladino clover produced higher stocker gains during the grazing phase than interseeding with lespedeza or red clover. Legume treatment had no effect on subsequent finishing gains.

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Nutritional Evaluation Of Corn And Sorghum Crop Residues (1999), R.K. Taylor, Gary L. Kilgore, James J. Higgins, Dale A. Blasi, Stewart R. Duncan Jan 1999

Nutritional Evaluation Of Corn And Sorghum Crop Residues (1999), R.K. Taylor, Gary L. Kilgore, James J. Higgins, Dale A. Blasi, Stewart R. Duncan

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Crop residue samples from 22 grazed and nongrazed corn and sorghum residue fields across Kansas were collected every 2 weeks during the 1997/98 winter feeding season to evaluate quality and yield. Corn residue averaged about 2 ½ tons of total dry matter (DM)/acre, with the leaf fraction (attached and unattached) constituting about 60% of that residue. Unattached leaves represented 85% of the total leaf DM. Yield estimates for sorghum residue averaged over 2 tons/ acre. The stem component represented 55 to 60% of the total DM collected, and about 58% of the leaves remained attached to the stem.

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Effects Of Starting Weight, Body Condition, And Age On Gain Of Cattle Grazing Native Grass (1999), F.K. Brazle, James J. Higgins Jan 1999

Effects Of Starting Weight, Body Condition, And Age On Gain Of Cattle Grazing Native Grass (1999), F.K. Brazle, James J. Higgins

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

In 29 trials over 10 years, 6,614 head of cattle (heifers - 11 trials, 2,862 hd; steers - 18 trials, 3,752 hd) were used to determine the effect of starting weight on gain while grazing burned, native-grass pastures. The heifers grazed for an average of 81 days (70 to 93) and steers for an average of 86 days (75 to 99) from April to July. Stocking rate was one animal per 2 acres. The cattle were sorted by starting weight into groups as follows: below 399 lb, 400 to 499 lb, 500 to 599 lb, 600 to 699 lb, and …

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Effects Of Half- Vs Three-Quarter-Season Grazing Of Native Grass Pastures (1999), F.K. Brazle, Gary L. Kilgore, M.R. Fausett Jan 1999

Effects Of Half- Vs Three-Quarter-Season Grazing Of Native Grass Pastures (1999), F.K. Brazle, Gary L. Kilgore, M.R. Fausett

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Mixed-breed steers (563 lbs) grazed burned, native-grass pastures (1990 to 1998). Steers were allotted randomly to graze native grass pastures for either 1/2 season (1/2) from April to July 15 (81 days, at 1 steer to 2 acres) or for 3/4 season (3/4) from April to August 15 (112 days, at 1 steer per 3 acres). The grass composition was measured in the first, fourth, and eighth years of the study. The economics of steers grazing the two systems were determined by calf and feeder cattle prices at Dodge City adjusted to southeast Kansas. The steers grazing 1/2 gained more …

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Impacts Of Wheat Milling By-Products In Supplements On The Intake And Digestion Of Steers Consuming Low-Quality Forage (1999), C.G. Farmer, R.C. Cochran, D.D. Simms, J.S. Heldt, C.P. Mathis Jan 1999

Impacts Of Wheat Milling By-Products In Supplements On The Intake And Digestion Of Steers Consuming Low-Quality Forage (1999), C.G. Farmer, R.C. Cochran, D.D. Simms, J.S. Heldt, C.P. Mathis

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Sixteen ruminally fistulated steers were used to evaluate the effects of feeding supplements containing combinations of two wheat-milling by-products on forage intake, digestibility, and ruminal characteristics. The by-products accounted for 47 to 49% of each supplement and were as follows: 1) 100% wheat bran; 2) 67% wheat bran, 33% second clears; and 3) 33% wheat bran, 67% second clears. All supplements contained about 30% CP. Compared with unsupplemented controls, forage intake and digestibility were significantly higher for supplemented steers. However, no differences occurred among by-product treatments. In conclusion, if the protein content is adequate, the choice of bran (high digestible …

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Effect Of Date Of Harvest On The Yield And Nutritional Quality Of Native Grass Hay (1999), J.C. Baker, S.R. Tonn, S.I. Paisley, David E. Kehler, Dale A. Blasi Jan 1999

Effect Of Date Of Harvest On The Yield And Nutritional Quality Of Native Grass Hay (1999), J.C. Baker, S.R. Tonn, S.I. Paisley, David E. Kehler, Dale A. Blasi

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Native grass hay meadows in three Kansas Flint Hills counties were sampled at 2-week intervals during the 1997 and 1998 growing seasons to determine the effect of harvest date on forage quality and dry matter (DM) yield. Each sample was weighed and analyzed for crude protein (CP), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and phosphorus (PHOS). The CP and PHOS contents declined, whereas ADF and DM yield increased as harvest date progressed. Although CP, ADF and DM yield were related highly to harvest date, the association for PHOS content was only moderate. Because harvest date of native grass hay can significantly influence …

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Comparison Of Morbidity And Performance Among Stressed Feeder Calves Following Vaccination With Pyramid™ Mlv 4 Or Pyramid™ 4+Presponse® Sq (1999), S. Ives, James S. Drouillard, David E. Anderson, Gerald L. Stokka, Gerry L. Kuhl Jan 1999

Comparison Of Morbidity And Performance Among Stressed Feeder Calves Following Vaccination With Pyramid™ Mlv 4 Or Pyramid™ 4+Presponse® Sq (1999), S. Ives, James S. Drouillard, David E. Anderson, Gerald L. Stokka, Gerry L. Kuhl

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A study was conducted to compare performance, morbidity, retreatment percent, and mortality in stressed heifer calves during the receiving and growing phases after receiving either Pyramid™ MLV 4 or Pyramid™ 4+Presponse® SQ on arrival at a feedlot research facility. Vaccination with Pyramid 4+Presponse SQ (a 4-way viral modified live vaccine with a Pasteurella haemolytica bacterin-toxoid) tended to reduce the incidence of bovine respiratory disease (P=.2) and reduced retreatment rate (P<.06).

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Sarcina Ventriculi As The Potential Cause Of Abomasal Bloat (1999), T.J. Schemm, B.M. Debey, Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja Jan 1999

Sarcina Ventriculi As The Potential Cause Of Abomasal Bloat (1999), T.J. Schemm, B.M. Debey, Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Sarcina-like bacteria, possibly Sarcina ventriculi, have been seen upon histopathologic examination of the abomasums of calves that died of abomasal bloat. The ability of the organism to grow at a low pH and produce large amounts of gas suggests that it may be the cause of abomasal bloat.

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Lactic Acid, Hot Water, And Microwave Treatment To Reduce Natural Microflora And Pathogens In Vacuum-Packaged Beef (1999), D.H. Kang, B.A. Crozier-Dodson, G. Jiang, X. Shi, Daniel Y.C. Fung Jan 1999

Lactic Acid, Hot Water, And Microwave Treatment To Reduce Natural Microflora And Pathogens In Vacuum-Packaged Beef (1999), D.H. Kang, B.A. Crozier-Dodson, G. Jiang, X. Shi, Daniel Y.C. Fung

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Combined lactic acid (2%), hot water, and microwave treatments were used to reduce natural microflora and the pathogens Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella typhimurium, and Listeria monocytogenes in vacuum-packaged beef. Hot water at 158EF followed by vacuum packaging and 5 sec. of microwave were acceptable for microbial reduction. Dipping inoculated meat for 20 sec. into 2% room temperature lactic acid prior to that treatment at 158EF reduced E. coli O157:H7 by 1.05 log CFU/cm2, S. typhimurium by .7 log CFU/cm2, and L. monocytogenes by .85 log CFU/cm2 (CFU is colony forming unit). One log equals a 90% reduction, and 2 log …

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Incidence Of Premature Browning During Cooking In Ground Beef Purchased At Retail (1999), Melvin C. Hunt, K.M. Killinger, R.E. Campbell Jan 1999

Incidence Of Premature Browning During Cooking In Ground Beef Purchased At Retail (1999), Melvin C. Hunt, K.M. Killinger, R.E. Campbell

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

We measured the incidence of premature browning during cooking in ground beef that was purchased from retail supermarkets and prepared using common household procedures. Patties made from meat on the outer portion of the packages purchased in the morning had the highest incidence of premature browning (62.5%). Patties from inner portions of packages purchased in the afternoon, refrigerated, and prepared the next morning were more (P<0.05) purple and had the lowest incidence (25%) of premature browning. Overall incidence of premature browning averaged 47%. Because internal cooked color of ground beef is such an unreliable indicator of doneness, temperature measurements should be used to verify that safe endpoint temperatures have been reached.

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