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Dose Response To Supplemental Fat By Finishing Steers, S.M. Gramlich, Robert T. Brandt Jr., Ronald V. Pope
Dose Response To Supplemental Fat By Finishing Steers, S.M. Gramlich, Robert T. Brandt Jr., Ronald V. Pope
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
A trial with 100 head of crossbred steers (avg wt 879 lb) was conducted to determine the effects of tallow (none, 2, 4, 6, 8% of ration dry matter) on the performance and carcass characteristics of finishing cattle fed a corn-based diet. Protein levels were maintained at a constant ratio to the calculated metabolizable energy concentration of the diets. Initially, feed intake decreased as tallow increased; however, similar intakes were obtained after 11 days. Dry matter intakes throughout the finishing period were reduced 5.2, 6.9 and 7.7%, respectively, for the 4, 6 and 8% tallow diets. Average daily gain was …
Effect Of Fats And Ionophores On In Vitro Fermentation Of A High Concentrate Diet, E.M. Clary, Robert T. Brandt Jr., Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja
Effect Of Fats And Ionophores On In Vitro Fermentation Of A High Concentrate Diet, E.M. Clary, Robert T. Brandt Jr., Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Batch culture fermentations were used to determine the effects of fat type [none, animal tallow (AT), soybean oil soapstock (SOY), or yellow grease (YG)] and ionophore type [none, lasalocid (L), monensin + tylosin in a ratio of 2.5:1 (MT), or a 50:50 combination of Land MT (LMT)] on in vitro concentrations of lactate (LA) and volatile fatty acids (VFA). Fat-containing substrates had 4% fat on a dry basis. No significant interactions between fat and ionophore treatments were observed. Ionophore treatment resulted in a reduced pH, with the greatest reduction in the L treatment. lbtal VFA and LA increased with ionophore …
Influence Of Ruminal Butyrate Supply On Net Nutrient Production And Absorption In Steers, C.R. Krehbiel, D.L. Harmon, J.E. Schneider
Influence Of Ruminal Butyrate Supply On Net Nutrient Production And Absorption In Steers, C.R. Krehbiel, D.L. Harmon, J.E. Schneider
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Six Holstein steers were used to evaluate the effects of increasing ruminal butyrate on net nutrient production and absorption by the gastrointestinal tract and liver. Ruminal and arterial concentrations and net hepatic flux of butyrate increased with increasing butyrate infusion. Concentrations of glucose and a-amino-N in arterial blood decreased as butyrate infusion increased. Of the ruminal butyrate infused, 24.5% appeared in portal blood as butyrate. Acetoacetate, D-β-hydroxybutyrate, and a-amino-N were the nutrients most altered by increasing ruminal butyrate.
Aspirated Oat Liftings For Growing Calves, Robert T. Brandt Jr., Gerry L. Kuhl, F.K. Brazle, L.R. Corah, Ronald V. Pope
Aspirated Oat Liftings For Growing Calves, Robert T. Brandt Jr., Gerry L. Kuhl, F.K. Brazle, L.R. Corah, Ronald V. Pope
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Feed value of aspirated oat liftings (AOL), a by-product of the oat milling industry, was evaluated by using it to replace 33, 67, or 100% of 36 lb/bu oats in a growing diet fed to heifers. Ammonia treatment of AOL was also tested. Dry matter intake and feed/gain increased linearly (P<.10) with increased AOL. Daily gains were similar for 33, 67, and 100% AOL inclusions, which were lower (P<.01) than the control (0% AOL). Despite lower performance, cheaper costs of production may be achieved with AOL depending on its price relative to other feedstuffs. Ammonia treatment of AOL had no beneficial effect on heifer performance in this study.
Evaluation Of Attributes Affecting Tenderness Differences Between Bos Taurus And Bos Indicus Cattle, G. Whipple, M. Koohmaraie, J.D. Crouse, Melvin C. Hunt, R.D. Klemm, Michael E. Dikeman
Evaluation Of Attributes Affecting Tenderness Differences Between Bos Taurus And Bos Indicus Cattle, G. Whipple, M. Koohmaraie, J.D. Crouse, Melvin C. Hunt, R.D. Klemm, Michael E. Dikeman
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Biological tenderness differences between longissimus muscles from 3/8 and 5/8 Sahiwal (Bos indicus) x Hereford-Angus and from Hereford-Angus (Bos taurus) were evaluated. No significant breed cross effects were observed for carcass traits or rates of pH and temperature decline. Loin steaks from Hereford x Angus had lower (P<.05) shear-force values and higher (P<.05) taste panel tenderness scores at 1 and 14 d postmortem. No breed effects existed for muscle fiber sarcomere length, muscle fiber type, muscle collagen, cathepsin enzyme activity, or calcium-dependent protease-I and -II activity. However, calcium-dependent protease inhibitor activity at 24 hr postmortem was greater (P<.01) in Sahiwal-crosses than for Hereford-Angus. Less protein degradation, which causes tenderization during aging, occurred in Sahiwal-crosses by d 14 than in Hereford-Angus at d 1 postmortem. Therefore, mechanisms involving calcium-dependent protease and its inhibitor may be the principal factors causing tenderness differences between Bos indicus and Bos taurus breeds.
Effects Of Processing Variables On Iridescence In Precooked Beef, H. Wang, Donald H. Kropf, Melvin C. Hunt, Curtis L. Kastner
Effects Of Processing Variables On Iridescence In Precooked Beef, H. Wang, Donald H. Kropf, Melvin C. Hunt, Curtis L. Kastner
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Beef semitendinosus (ST) muscles with injected water (3 or 10% of raw muscle weight) and phosphate (0.3%) were cooked to final internal temperatures of 130 (held at 130 for 121 min), 140 (held at 140 for 12 min), 145, or 155°1\ then sliced at 30, 45, 120, 130, or 145<>P by either a dull or a sharp slicer. Biceps femoris (BF) muscles had the same treatment but only at 3% water addition. Controls were uninjected muscles from the opposite side of the carcass. For ST muscles (all with 0.3% added phosphate), 3% added water resulted in less iridescence than …
Effect Of Inoculant And Enzyme Additives On Preservation And Nutritive Value Of Alfalfa Silage, J.S. White, K.K. Bolsen, R.A. Hart
Effect Of Inoculant And Enzyme Additives On Preservation And Nutritive Value Of Alfalfa Silage, J.S. White, K.K. Bolsen, R.A. Hart
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) inoculants and several enzyme additives were evaluated in various combinations using fifth cutting alfalfa. The field-wilted crop was characterized by a high buffer capacity (63.0 meq/100g of DM), low fermentable carbohydrate (5.4% of the DM), and a high number of indigenous LAB (over one million per g). In contrast to several previous studies, the inoculants and enzymes had very little effect on rate and efficiency of fermentation. The 90-d treated silages had similar fiber and digestibility values, compared to the control. Treated silages tended to have higher lactic acid values, but all silages had relatively high …
Predicting Beef Carcass Retail Yield From Hot Carcass Traits, J.K. Apple, L.V. Cundiff, J.W. Wise, Michael E. Dikeman
Predicting Beef Carcass Retail Yield From Hot Carcass Traits, J.K. Apple, L.V. Cundiff, J.W. Wise, Michael E. Dikeman
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Hot carcasses from 288 steers were used to develop equations to predict weights and percentages of trimmed retail cuts. and trimmable fat yields from hot carcass traits. Independent variables examined were: (1) 12-13th rib fat probe; (2) lO-11th rib fat probe; (3) external fat score; (4) percent kidney knob; (5) hindquarter muscling score, and (6) carcass weight. Right sides of carcasses were fabricated into boneless cuts trimmed to .3 in. fat and weighed. Then. cuts were totally trimmed (.0 in.) and reweighed. Multiple regression equations developed from these variables accounted for 95 and 90% of the variation in total weight …
Comparison Of Steer Feedlot Performance And Carcass Trait Uniformity By Method Of Sorting, P.L. Houghton, D.D. Simms, James J. Higgins
Comparison Of Steer Feedlot Performance And Carcass Trait Uniformity By Method Of Sorting, P.L. Houghton, D.D. Simms, James J. Higgins
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Long yearling steers (n=997) of various biological types from two origins were used to test performance and carcass trait uniformity of unsorted cattle, visually sorted cattle, and cattle sorted by ultrasound and hip height. No significant differences (P>.05) in initial backfat uniformity were identified between sorted and unsorted groups; however, very little variation existed across all treatments (.17±.033 in.). Initial backfat had positive linear relationships with initial weight and carcass backfat and negative linear relationships with days on feed and daily gain (P<.05). These data indicate a reliable measurement of initial backfat could be useful for predicting days on feed and/or carcass backfat in long yearling steers, but economic usefulness will depend upon the variability of the cattle and the method of grouping.
Preliminary Carcass And Meat Research Results From Cycle Iv Of The Cattle Germ Plasm Evaluation Program, L.V. Cundiff, R.M. Koch, K.E. Gregory, J.D. Crouse, Michael E. Dikeman
Preliminary Carcass And Meat Research Results From Cycle Iv Of The Cattle Germ Plasm Evaluation Program, L.V. Cundiff, R.M. Koch, K.E. Gregory, J.D. Crouse, Michael E. Dikeman
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Preliminary data representing two of five calf crops in Cycle IV of the Germ Plasm Evaluation Program are reported. Carcass and meat data from 454 steers produced by mating 11 sire breeds to Hereford and Angus dams were obtained. Hereford (H) and Angus (A) sires born in the late 1960's (original) and also 1982 to 1984 (new) were compared. Steers sired by the new sample of H and A sires were heavier at slaughter than those of original sires, whereas marbling and percentages of trimmed retail product (% TRP) have not changed. HA and AH had lower % TRP than …
Effects Of Dietary Energy On Reproductive Function And Production In Suckled Beef Cows, R.C. Perry, L.R. Corah, W.E. Beal, G.H. Kiracofe, R.C. Cochran, D.D. Simms, J.R. Brethour, Jeffrey S. Stevenson
Effects Of Dietary Energy On Reproductive Function And Production In Suckled Beef Cows, R.C. Perry, L.R. Corah, W.E. Beal, G.H. Kiracofe, R.C. Cochran, D.D. Simms, J.R. Brethour, Jeffrey S. Stevenson
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Twenty-eight Hereford x Angus cows were utilized to determine the effects of dietary energy level before and after calving on reproductive function and production in suckled beef cows. Low levels of dietary energy before calving resulted in losses of body composition prior to calving, reduced calf birth weight, lengthened intervals from calving to ovulation, and decreased milk production and calf weight at 70 d of age (P<.05). Low levels of dietary energy after calving decreased measures of body composition after calving, reduced the percentage of cows that ovulated following calving, and decreased cow milk production and calf weight at 70 d of age (P<.05). We conclude that dietary energy before and after calving impacts the reproductive function and production of suckled beef cows.
Effects Of Finaplix® Synovex-S®, And Ralgro® Implants, Singularly Or In Combinations, On Performance, Carcass Traits, And Longissimus Palatability Of Holstein Steers, J.K. Apple, D.D. Simms, Gerry L. Kuhl, Michael E. Dikeman, Curtis L. Kastner
Effects Of Finaplix® Synovex-S®, And Ralgro® Implants, Singularly Or In Combinations, On Performance, Carcass Traits, And Longissimus Palatability Of Holstein Steers, J.K. Apple, D.D. Simms, Gerry L. Kuhl, Michael E. Dikeman, Curtis L. Kastner
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Over the entire feeding period (249 d). Finaplix® (F) plus Synovex-S® (S)-implanted steers had higher (P<.05) daily gains than F+Ralgro® (R), F; and control (C) steers. All treatments produced higher (P<.05) daily gains than C. with the exception of F: The only feed efficiency differences were during the fourth implant period. when F steers were more (P<.05) efficient than F+R or C steers. The F+S and F+R steers had higher (P<.05) masculinity scores than Sand C steers. Carcasses of F +S steers were heavier (P<.05) than those of F and C steers. The F+S steers had larger (P<.05) ribeyes than R, F; and C steers. Also, F+S steers tended (P=.07) to have lower yield grades than S, R. or C steers. Even though marbling scores and quality grades were similar (P>.05) among treatments. only 50% of F+S carcasses graded low Choice or higher compared to a range of 75 to 100% for the other treatments. The only meat palatability differences were tenderness scores; steaks from Sand F + R steers were less tender (P<.07) than those from Rand C steers.
Calves Delay Estrus Cycles In Postpartum Cows By Mechanisms Other Than Suckling, S.D. Viker, G.H. Kiracofe
Calves Delay Estrus Cycles In Postpartum Cows By Mechanisms Other Than Suckling, S.D. Viker, G.H. Kiracofe
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
It is generally accepted that the suckling stimulus and the interactions between lactation and level of nutrition regulate the interval from calving to cycling in beef cows. However, rnastectomized cows (udder removed) kept with their calves had longer postpartum intervals to ovulation and estrus than mastectomized cows without calves. We conclude that ovulation and estrus can be suppressed by some cow-calf interaction that is independent of lactation and suckling.
An Evaluation Of Seven Pioneer Corn Hybrids For Silage And A Comparison Of Irrigated Vs Dryland Silages, D.G. Tiemann, K.K. Bolsen, R. Suazo, D. Johnson
An Evaluation Of Seven Pioneer Corn Hybrids For Silage And A Comparison Of Irrigated Vs Dryland Silages, D.G. Tiemann, K.K. Bolsen, R. Suazo, D. Johnson
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Seven Pioneer corn hybrids and one grain sorghum hybrid were grown under both irrigated and dryland conditions in 1988 and compared for agronomic and silage quality traits. Com hybrid silage yields ranged from 4.5 to 7.6 tons of dry matter (OM) per acre (mean, 5.8 tons) and grain yield, from 64 to 115 bu per acre (mean, 87 bu). Pre-ensiled DM content of the corn hybrids ranged from 26.7 to 33.0% (mean, 29.5%) and plant height from 82 to 108 in. (mean, 94 in.). In a digestion trial with sheep, apparent DM digestibility ranged from 66.0 to 71.0% (mean 69.6%); …
Level And Method Of Feeding Dehydrated Alfalfa Pellets As A Protein Supplement For Beef Cows Grazing Winter Flint Hills Range, E.S. Vanzant, R.C. Cochran, L.R. Corah
Level And Method Of Feeding Dehydrated Alfalfa Pellets As A Protein Supplement For Beef Cows Grazing Winter Flint Hills Range, E.S. Vanzant, R.C. Cochran, L.R. Corah
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Four winter protein supplementation schemes were studied using 116 beef cows grazing Flint Hills range. The treatments were: 1) 4.0 lb soybean meal/sorghum grain (27.3% crude protein (CP» per head daily (SS), 2) 4.0 lb dehydrated alfalfa pellets (DEHY. 20.0% CP) per head daily (LO-DEHY), 3) 5.5 lb DEHY per head daily (HI-DEHY), and 4) DEHY fed at levels calculated to provide 4.0 lb per head daily with less fed in early winter and more fed in late winter (STAGGER-DEHY). The HI-DEHY and SS treatments resulted in higher (P<.05) weight gains and smaller (P<.05) losses in body condition before calving than the other two treatments. The HI-DEHY group had less cumulative weight loss (P<.05) at calving than the SS group. Cow performance was similar (P>.10) for the LO-DEHY and STAGGER-DEHY groups. Cow reproductive performance and …
Diagnosis Of Freemartinism In Heifers Born Co-Twin To A Bull, B.L. Larson, G.H. Kiracofe
Diagnosis Of Freemartinism In Heifers Born Co-Twin To A Bull, B.L. Larson, G.H. Kiracofe
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
The wide variance in anatomical characteristics among heifers born co-twin to a bull make diagnosis of freemartinism by measurements of vaginal length or the distance between the anus and vulva unreliable. Change in serum luteinizing hormone (LH) in response to injection of estrogen or gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) is different in freemartins compared to normal heifers but is also an unreliable predictor of freemartinism. Presently, the most conclusive way to establish freemartinism in a heifer born co-twin to a bull is to measure the percentage of XX and XY chromosomes in cells from whole blood, which is a specialized and …
Seventeen Years Of Kansas Central Bull Tests, R.R. Schalles, B.J. Ward, K.O. Zoellner, L.C. Martin
Seventeen Years Of Kansas Central Bull Tests, R.R. Schalles, B.J. Ward, K.O. Zoellner, L.C. Martin
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Weights. frame scores. scrotal circumferences, and prices of bulls increased significantly over 17 years. Angus had the greatest increase in birth weight, average daily gain (ADG) during test, adjusted yearling weight, and frame score, whereas Simmental had the greatest increase in adjusted weaning weight. Backfat and ribeye area decreased over this period. Large frame score had the greatest effect on increasing sale priCe of bulls. Gelbvieh bulls with heavy birth weights sold for less, whereas heavy birth weight Limousin and Polled Hereford bulls sold for more. Rank correlations indicated a significant change in rank between 112- and 140-d ADG. About …
Managing Beef Genotypes For Profit: A Computer Simulation, R.R. Schalles, L.C. Martin, K.O. Zoellner
Managing Beef Genotypes For Profit: A Computer Simulation, R.R. Schalles, L.C. Martin, K.O. Zoellner
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
In a computer simulation based on KSU data, cattle bred and managed to be moved directly from weaning to feedlot and slaughtered at a young age produced the greatest profit. Cattle that were too small or too large and management systems that increased age at slaughter were less profitable. This accelerated system of production allows a producer to take advantage of superior genetics and the economic opportunities they provide, especially with retained ownership. The beef industry has the opportunity to continue to produce quality beef, while reducing days to slaughter by taking advantage of the higher efficiency of feed conversion …
Cow/Calf Profitability: Case Studies Of Kansas Cattle Producers, D.D. Simms, T.T. Marston
Cow/Calf Profitability: Case Studies Of Kansas Cattle Producers, D.D. Simms, T.T. Marston
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Cost/return analyses of 56 Kansas cow/calf operations were summarized to determine the major factors influencing 1987 and 1988 cow herd profitability. Gross returns and costs on a per cow unit basis were extremely variable. with the bottom 1/3 of these operations essentially breaking even. whereas the high 1/3 profitability group averaged $228.40 per head in net cash returns. Both operating and fixed costs were major determinants of profitability. Reproductive rate (calves weaned per cow exposed) was the major production variable affecting profitability.
Effect Of Protein Supplementation On Dormant, Bluestem-Range Forage Intake And Digestion And Protein Flow To The Small Intestine In Steers, S.M. Hannah, R.C. Cochran, D.L. Harmon, E.S. Vanzant
Effect Of Protein Supplementation On Dormant, Bluestem-Range Forage Intake And Digestion And Protein Flow To The Small Intestine In Steers, S.M. Hannah, R.C. Cochran, D.L. Harmon, E.S. Vanzant
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
A digestion trial was conducted to determine dormant, bluestem-range forage intake, digestion, and protein flow to the small intestine in steers receiving different crude protein (CP) supplements. Dietary treatments were 1) control: no supplement; 2) low protein supplement (Low-CP): SBM + grain sorghum supplement containing 13% CP; 3) moderate protein supplement (Mod-CP): SBM + grain sorghum supplement containing 26% CP; and 4) dehydrated alfalfa pellets supplement (Dehy): supplement containing 17.5% CP. Forage intake increased an average of 36% in steers supplemented with Mod-CP and Dehy, compared to the forage intake of control steers. Forage intake of steers receiving Low-CP supplement …
Relationship Of Milk Production In Angus And Simmental Cows With Milk Expected Progeny Differences (Epds) And Calf Weaning Weight, T.T. Marston, D.D. Simms, R.R. Schalles, K.O. Zoellner, L.C. Martin, G.M. Fink
Relationship Of Milk Production In Angus And Simmental Cows With Milk Expected Progeny Differences (Epds) And Calf Weaning Weight, T.T. Marston, D.D. Simms, R.R. Schalles, K.O. Zoellner, L.C. Martin, G.M. Fink
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Spring and fall calving Angus (n==86) and Simmental (n==96) cows at three different locations in Kansas were used to evaluate the relationships between milk production, Milk Expected Progeny Difference (Milk EPD), and calf weaning weight. A change of 1 lb in Milk EPD resulted in 4.95 lb change in calf weaning weight in Angus and 4.60 lb in Simmental. Each lb increase in Milk EPD predicted a 69.87 lb increase in total lactation milk production in Angus and 70.741b in Simmentals. Positive correlations were .40 and .64 between Milk EPD and total milk produced per lactation and .24 and .49 …
Effect Of Deccox® In A Free-Choice, Grain-Mineral Mixture On Performance Of Yearlings Grazing Native Range, F.K. Brazle
Effect Of Deccox® In A Free-Choice, Grain-Mineral Mixture On Performance Of Yearlings Grazing Native Range, F.K. Brazle
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Including Deccox® in a free-choice, intake-limiting, grain-mineral mixture tended to increase grazing stocker gains and substantially reduced the percentage of newly arrived cattle treated for sickness and the number of treatments required per animal.
Effect Of Pregnancy On Forage Intake And Utilization In Spring-Calving Beef Heifers Wintered On Flint Hills Range, E.S. Vanzant, R.C. Cochran
Effect Of Pregnancy On Forage Intake And Utilization In Spring-Calving Beef Heifers Wintered On Flint Hills Range, E.S. Vanzant, R.C. Cochran
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Six ruminally and eight bi-fistulated (ruminal and esophageal), 2-yr-old beef heifers were used to study the effects of pregnancy on forage intake and utilization under grazing conditions. During the third trimester of gestation, pregnant heifers ate more (P<.05) forage than nonpregnant heifers and maintained similar (P>.10) levels of organic matter and fiber digestibility. As calving neared, pregnant animals had higher (P<.05) rates of passage and tended to have lower ruminal capacity "¢(P=.15) and digesta fill (P=.14) than nonpregnant animals. Differences in quality of diet selected by the two groups were minimal.
Ensileability Of Alfalfa: Cutting, Maturity And Treatment Effects, J.L. Curtis, C. Lin, K.K. Bolsen
Ensileability Of Alfalfa: Cutting, Maturity And Treatment Effects, J.L. Curtis, C. Lin, K.K. Bolsen
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Analysis of ensiling characteristics from late-bud, 10% bloom, and 50% bloom alfalfa, taken within each of four cuttings identified higher pre-ensiled dry matter (DM) content during the first two cuttings, whereas crop buffer capacity was weakest during the third cutting and subsequently strongest throughout the fourth cutting. Initial pH was lowest at the first cutting and increased with each cutting thereafter. Dry matter increased linearly within maturity, whereas late-bud maturity had the highest buffer capacity and initial pH. From hr 24 until d 90, the pH values were consistently highest for late-bud and lowest for 50% bloom silage. 1featments receiving …
Increasing Levels Of Grain Supplementation For Intensive-Early Stocked Steers: Two-Year Summary, R.C. Cochran, Robert T. Brandt Jr., E.S. Vanzant, E.M. Clary, Clenton E. Owensby
Increasing Levels Of Grain Supplementation For Intensive-Early Stocked Steers: Two-Year Summary, R.C. Cochran, Robert T. Brandt Jr., E.S. Vanzant, E.M. Clary, Clenton E. Owensby
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
During the first 2 yr of a 4-yr experiment, increasing the level of grain sorghum supplementation (from 2 to 4 Ibid) for steers managed within an intensive-early stocking program tended to increase average daily gain in direct proportion to supplement level (2.3 (no supplement) to 2.5 and 2.7 lb/d, respectively). During both years, the amount of grass remaining in the pastures after the cattle were removed (July 15) and at the end of the growing season (October 1) was greater when cattle were supplemented with 4 lb of grain sorghum. Level of supplementation for grazing steers did not influence subsequent …
Indigenous Microflora On Alfalfa And Corn, And Population Changes During Ensiling, C. Lin, R.A. Hart, K.K. Bolsen, J.T. Dickerson, J.L. Curtis
Indigenous Microflora On Alfalfa And Corn, And Population Changes During Ensiling, C. Lin, R.A. Hart, K.K. Bolsen, J.T. Dickerson, J.L. Curtis
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB), Enterobacteriaceae, yeasts, molds, and lactate-using yeasts were examined on four cuttings of alfalfa, each at three maturity stagest and three com hybrids in 1989. In addition, microflora population changes were traced during ensiling for the second and fourth cutting alfalfas and the three com hybrids. Enterobacteriaceae were predominant on alfalfa; yeasts, molds, and Enterobacteriaceae predominated on com. Higher proportions of lactate-using yeast were found on com than alfalfa. Lactic acid bacteria comprised a small (104 to 105 CFU/g) proportion of the total (lot») populations, with streptococci the main indigenous LAB group. Lactobacilli, pediococci, and leuconostoc were …
Effect Of Niacin Supplementation Of Stockers Grazing Tall Fescue Pastures, F.K. Brazle, K.P. Coffey, L.R. Corah, Joseph L. Moyer
Effect Of Niacin Supplementation Of Stockers Grazing Tall Fescue Pastures, F.K. Brazle, K.P. Coffey, L.R. Corah, Joseph L. Moyer
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
In three trials, there was no gain response by stockers offered supplemental niacin while grazing tall fescue pasture in the spring or fall. There was a trend toward lower body temperatures for niacin-supplemented cattle, but this was not significant. Niacin fed at 2 to 4 g per head daily did not reduce the fescue endophyte fungus problem.
Moderation Of Ruminal Fermentation By Protozoa In Cattle Fed High-Grain Diets, G. Towne, A.B. Beharka, Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja
Moderation Of Ruminal Fermentation By Protozoa In Cattle Fed High-Grain Diets, G. Towne, A.B. Beharka, Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Ruminal protozoa in cattle fed high-grain diets appear to contribute to the maintenance of a stable ruminal fermentation. This was evidenced by higher ruminal pH's and lower volatile fatty acid concentrations in faunated (with protozoa) than defaunated (without protozoa) cattle. The moderation of fermentation was likely due to reduced bacterial numbers associated with the presence of protozoa.
Yield And Nutritional Quality Of Nine Summer Annual Forages, Gerry L. Kuhl, J.P. Shroyes, Paul D. Hartman, Dale L. Fjell
Yield And Nutritional Quality Of Nine Summer Annual Forages, Gerry L. Kuhl, J.P. Shroyes, Paul D. Hartman, Dale L. Fjell
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Nine summer annual forages were studied to evaluate yield and nutritional quality differences resulting from forage type and cultivar when cut at two stages of maturity. Substantial dry matter yield and quality differences were observed among the six hybrid pearl millets tested. Several hybrid pearl millets gave comparable dry matter yields to the sorghum-sudans at boot and headed stages of growth. Hybrid pearl millets were much higher in crude protein than the hybrid sorghum-sudans and sudangrass. Although yield increased markedly between boot and headed cutting stages, nutritional value declined greatly. Nitrate levels were excessively high in all forages when harvested …
Influence Of Fat And Ionophores On Performance Of Finishing Steers, E.M. Clary, Robert T. Brandt Jr., Ronald V. Pope
Influence Of Fat And Ionophores On Performance Of Finishing Steers, E.M. Clary, Robert T. Brandt Jr., Ronald V. Pope
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
One hundred ninety-two crossbred steers were used in a 2 x 4 factorially arranged experiment to study the effects of including fat and ionophores in finishing rations. Main effects were level of supplemental fat (0 or 4% tallow) and ionophore type [none, Bovatece (B), Rumensine + 'JYlane (RT), or daily rotation of Band RT (BRT)]. Daily feed intake (P<.10) and daily gain (P<.OO5) were reduced for steers fed R'T, but only when fat was included in the diet. In diets containing no supplemental fat, RT increased daily gain 10%. RT improved feed efficiency 8% (P<.05) in nonfat diets, but there was no difference between ionophores in diets containing fat. Adding fat improved feed efficiency of steers fed no ionophore or B. This study suggests that response of finishing steers to ionophores can be modified by the inclusion of fat in the diet.