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Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
The Toxicity Of Liquid Supplements Containing Urea, E.E. Bartley
The Toxicity Of Liquid Supplements Containing Urea, E.E. Bartley
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Liquid supplement manufacturers must provide a product that is effectively utilized and is nontoxic. Toxicity can be reduced if the supplement's pH is below 3.8, but low pH alone does not improve nutritive value. A good fermentable source of carbohydrate, like molasses or cooked starch, should be provided in adequate amount. When water or lignin sulfonates are substituted for good carbohydrate, urea utilization is reduced and the risk of toxicity is increased. Cattle that are hungry or starved from blizzard conditions or feed restriction are much more susceptible to ammonia toxicity than cattle kept full, so limit the availability of …
Intermittent Feeding Of Chlortetracycline To Finishing Cattle, Jack G. Riley, Ronald V. Pope
Intermittent Feeding Of Chlortetracycline To Finishing Cattle, Jack G. Riley, Ronald V. Pope
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
We used 168 yearling steers in a 139-day finishing trial to evaluate high levels of chlortetracycline (aureomycin) fed for short periods at regular intervals during finishing. Since liver abscess rate was low for all treatments including the nonmedicated controls and health status was good, chlortetracycline (CTC) did not significantly affect abscess rate or feedlot performance.
Effects Of Protein Level, Calcium:Phosphorous Ratio And Monensin On Performance Of Finishing Steers, S. Durham, Jack G. Riley, Ronald V. Pope
Effects Of Protein Level, Calcium:Phosphorous Ratio And Monensin On Performance Of Finishing Steers, S. Durham, Jack G. Riley, Ronald V. Pope
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Ration crude protein levels of 10.4% and 12.0% were fed with or without monensin and with calcium-to-phosphorous ratios (Ca:P) of 1:2, 2:1, or 1:1. Steers fed 10.4% crude protein, a 1:1 Ca:P, and Monensin had highest average daily gains and were most efficient. Extra protein in the 12% ration or the extra calcium in the 2:1 ration produced no benefits. Phosphorous in the 1:2 Ca:P apparently was excessive, as indicated by depressed daily gain and poorer efficiency. Monensin significantly increased average daily gain and improved feed efficiency.
Effect Of Compudose On Grazing Steers In Pasture, Then In Feedlot, L. Corah, Jack G. Riley, Ronald V. Pope
Effect Of Compudose On Grazing Steers In Pasture, Then In Feedlot, L. Corah, Jack G. Riley, Ronald V. Pope
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Steers implanted with an estradiol removable implant (Compudose) gained 14.8% faster during 121 days of grazing and 12.1% faster in the feedlot than control steers not implanted. Implanting improved feed efficiency 6.9% during finishing. Removing implants after grazing resulted in slowest and least efficient feedlot gains. Steers implanted only during the finishing phase gained the fastest and most efficiently in feedlot. Results of this 240-day test indicate that one implant stimulates performance at least 240 days
Fat Thickness As An Alternative To Marbling In Beef Carcass Grading, Kenneth E. Kemp, Michael E. Dikeman
Fat Thickness As An Alternative To Marbling In Beef Carcass Grading, Kenneth E. Kemp, Michael E. Dikeman
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Data from 1669 steers show that equally palatable beef comes from carcasses with Choice marbling OR 0.4 inch of outside fat cover. Including cattle with 0.4 inch of fat and at least Slight marbling in a new choice grade would cut 20 to 30 days from the feeding period.
Nutritional Effects Of Beef Connective Tissue Characteristics And Eating Qualities, J.J. Wu, Melvin C. Hunt, Donald H. Kropf, Dell M. Allen, Curtis L. Kastner
Nutritional Effects Of Beef Connective Tissue Characteristics And Eating Qualities, J.J. Wu, Melvin C. Hunt, Donald H. Kropf, Dell M. Allen, Curtis L. Kastner
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
We compared taste panel and connective tissue characteristics of beef fed a high energy diet with beef fed grass. The high energy diet produced higher USDA quality and yield grades, more rapid weight gain, and increased connective tissue collagen synthesis arid breakdown. But, it did not consistently improve taste panel and shear characteristics over grass-feeding.
Effect Of Limited Suckling On Reproductive Performance And Milk Production Of Cows And Weight Gains And Suckling Behavior Of Calves, Kenneth G. Odde, G.H. Kiracofe, R.R. Schalles
Effect Of Limited Suckling On Reproductive Performance And Milk Production Of Cows And Weight Gains And Suckling Behavior Of Calves, Kenneth G. Odde, G.H. Kiracofe, R.R. Schalles
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
We used 109 Polled Hereford and percentage Simmental cows to evaluate limited suckling as an aid to induce cows to cycle after calving. Cows were allotted to: 1. once daily suckle; 2. twice daily suckle; 3. 48 hr calf removal (just before breeding season); and 4. controls (suckle ad libitum). Half of each group was implanted with Norgestomet 9 days before the breeding season. Limited suckling increased the number of cows showing estrus and conceiving early in the breeding season, and Norgestomet increased the percentage pregnant the first 21 days of the breeding season.
Effects Of Weaning Weight On Reproductive Performance In Beef Heifers, L.R. Sprott, L.R. Corah, G.H. Kiracofe
Effects Of Weaning Weight On Reproductive Performance In Beef Heifers, L.R. Sprott, L.R. Corah, G.H. Kiracofe
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Fertility during the first two breeding seasons was not affected by the dam's weaning weight, but lightest heifers at weaning reached puberty later, had smaller pelvic areas at calving, more difficult deliveries, had more calves die, and weaned a smaller percentage of their calves.
Use Of Kamar® Heatmount Detectors In Beef Cattle Synchronized With Lutalyse®, G.H. Kiracofe, M. Heekin, Kenneth G. Odde, M. King
Use Of Kamar® Heatmount Detectors In Beef Cattle Synchronized With Lutalyse®, G.H. Kiracofe, M. Heekin, Kenneth G. Odde, M. King
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
The ability of the Kamar Heatmount Detector to identify cows ready for insemination 80 hours after two Lutalyse injections was tested with 439 beef cows and heifers. The detector was placed on the rump at the second injection and was "read" at insemination. Conception rate from the 80-hour timed insemination for cows with red (activated) and lost detectors was 56.5% compared with 7.6% of the cows with white detectors.
Four Ear Tags Evaluated, L.R. Sprott, L.R. Corah
Four Ear Tags Evaluated, L.R. Sprott, L.R. Corah
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Four types of ear tags were evaluated for retention over 2 years. Retention was low for one type, and high for the other three types.
The Effects Of Rumensin® And Two Levels Of Energy Prior To Calving On Reproductive Performance In First Calf Heifers, L.R. Sprott, L.R. Corah, Jack G. Riley, G.H. Kiracofe
The Effects Of Rumensin® And Two Levels Of Energy Prior To Calving On Reproductive Performance In First Calf Heifers, L.R. Sprott, L.R. Corah, Jack G. Riley, G.H. Kiracofe
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Heifers fed low energy diets gained less before calving, took longer from calving to first estrus, and dropped lighter calves. Their conception rates were lower and fewer showed estrus the first 20 days of breeding. Rumensin lengthened the time from calving to estrus with no effect on calf birth weight, milk production, or percentage of calves weaned. However, calves from heifers fed Rumensin gained faster. Long-term Rumensin feeding to heifers (from weaning through second breeding) increased weight gain and hastened puberty with no effect on reproductive performance. Rumensin-fed dams tended to wean heavier calves.
Feeding Mga To Grazing Heifers, L. Corah, F. Brazle, Jeffrey L. Davidson
Feeding Mga To Grazing Heifers, L. Corah, F. Brazle, Jeffrey L. Davidson
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Feeding MGA to grazing heifers suppressed estrus but did not improve gain.
Growing Rations Of Forage Sorghum Silage And Alfalfa Haylage, H. Ilg, K. Bolsen, Michael E. Dikeman
Growing Rations Of Forage Sorghum Silage And Alfalfa Haylage, H. Ilg, K. Bolsen, Michael E. Dikeman
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Growing rations containing forage sorghum silage (FSS) or equal amounts of FSS and alfalfa haylage were fed to crossbred steer calves for 112 days. Steers consumed more of the FSS + haylage but rate and efficiency of gain were best for steers fed the FSS. We calculated the value of alfalfa haylage at various prices for FSS and soybean meal.
Commercial Silage Additive Trials, K. Bolsen
Commercial Silage Additive Trials, K. Bolsen
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Most Kansas grown crops can be harvested, stored, and fed as silage. A good silage fermentation should produce a well-preserved, palatable feed with minimum nutrient loss, but making a good silage requires good management. The crop must be harvested at the proper maturity and moisture, be finely chopped, and be tightly packed in the silo. Numerous commercial silage additives, whose manufacturers make various claims for improving silage quality, are available. Last year, we reported on 5 trials involving six commercial additives (Report of Progress 377). Each additive improved the silage in at least one of the four criteria we evaluate.
Naoh And Ensila Plus Additives For Wheat Silage And Alfalfa Haylage For Growing Steers, K. Bolsen, H. Ilg, M. Nuwanyakpa
Naoh And Ensila Plus Additives For Wheat Silage And Alfalfa Haylage For Growing Steers, K. Bolsen, H. Ilg, M. Nuwanyakpa
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Enzyme (Ensila Plus) and alkali (NaOH) silage additives were evaluated with whole-plant wheat silages which were fed with or without alfalfa haylage (45% moisture). Steers fed NaOH silage consumed the most feed but were the least efficient. Although adding haylage increased feed intake, daily gain was not improved. Ensila Plus wheat silage was used 5.2% more efficiently than control wheat silage. NaOH increased ensiling temperatures by 5 to 80 C during the 4-week ensiling period. The amount of silage dry matter removed from the silos and fed was unusually low for all three wheat silages (77.6,79.4, and 77.1% for control, …
Sila-Bac, Cold-Flo, And Sodium Hydroxide For Forage Sorghum Silage, K. Bolsen, H. Ilg
Sila-Bac, Cold-Flo, And Sodium Hydroxide For Forage Sorghum Silage, K. Bolsen, H. Ilg
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Inoculant (Sila-bac), non-protein nitrogen (Cold-flo), and alkali (NaOH) silage additives were evaluated with whole-plant forage sorghum silage. All three additives decreased ensiling temperatures. Calves fed Sila-bec or NaOH silages gained 12.0% faster but calves fed Cold-flo silage gained 7.7% slower than those fed control silage. NaOH silage was consumed in the greatest amount; Cold-flo silage, in the least. Calves fed Sila-bec silage were more efficient than calves fed any of the other silages.
Effects Of Sila-Bac And Silo Guard On Alfalfa Silage Quality And Corn Supplementation On Steer Performance, K. Bolsen, H. Ilg, M. Hinds
Effects Of Sila-Bac And Silo Guard On Alfalfa Silage Quality And Corn Supplementation On Steer Performance, K. Bolsen, H. Ilg, M. Hinds
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Inoculant (Sila-bac) and enzyme (Silo Guard) silage additives were evaluated with first-cutting alfalfa silage. Control and treated silages were made in 50-ton concrete stave silos and three types of experimental silos (nylon bags buried in the stave silos, 5-ga11on plastic containers, and 55-gallon metal drums). Each silage from the stave silos was full-fed to 16 steers in individual pens. Half the steers received 2 lbs. of supplement; the other half received supplement + 2 lbs. of cracked corn. Steers fed Sila-bac and Silo Guard silages performed slightly better than those fed control silage. Adding cracked corn improved rate of gain …
Steer Gains On Burned And Nonburned Bluestem Pasture And Reimplanting With Ralgro At Mid-Summer, E.F. Smith, R. Behnke, Clenton E. Owensby
Steer Gains On Burned And Nonburned Bluestem Pasture And Reimplanting With Ralgro At Mid-Summer, E.F. Smith, R. Behnke, Clenton E. Owensby
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Steers on a late spring burned bluestem pasture gained 1.4 lbs daily during the summer compared with 1.0 lb. by steers on a nonburned pasture. All steers were implanted with Ralgro at the start of the grazing season (May 1) and half in each pasture were reimplanted July 15. Reimplanting did not affect weight gain.
Selenium Content Of Native Bluestem Pastures, L.H. Harbers, D.A. Sapienza, L. Schwanke, S.M. Kazemi, E.F. Smith
Selenium Content Of Native Bluestem Pastures, L.H. Harbers, D.A. Sapienza, L. Schwanke, S.M. Kazemi, E.F. Smith
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
We used steers with esophageal cannulas to measure selenium in burned and unburned bluestem pastures between May and September. Individual variation among steers sampled varied as much as two fold in selenium content. All values were considered adequate for cattle.
Continuous Versus Intermittent Electrical Stimulation Of Beef Carcasses And Their Effect On Hot-Boned Muscle-Ph Decline, J.E. Bowles, Melvin C. Hunt, J.L.A. Kendall, M. Lyon, Curtis L. Kastner, Michael E. Dikeman
Continuous Versus Intermittent Electrical Stimulation Of Beef Carcasses And Their Effect On Hot-Boned Muscle-Ph Decline, J.E. Bowles, Melvin C. Hunt, J.L.A. Kendall, M. Lyon, Curtis L. Kastner, Michael E. Dikeman
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Short bursts of electricity (intermittent electrical stimulation) to beef carcasses accelerated pH decline and the onset of rigor mortis more than continuous stimulation did.
Performance And Carcass Traits Of Feeder Calves Scored For Muscling, Frame Size, And Condition, Dell M. Allen, Kenneth E. Kemp, Michael E. Dikeman
Performance And Carcass Traits Of Feeder Calves Scored For Muscling, Frame Size, And Condition, Dell M. Allen, Kenneth E. Kemp, Michael E. Dikeman
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Calves with different USDA frame sizes had similar carcass composition and quality when slaughtered within the recommended weight range for their frame size. Large-framed calves had higher dressing percentages and gained faster than medium- or small-framed calves. Condition score appeared more useful than muscling score to characterize calves' performance and carcass traits. Calves thin at weaning had poorer performance, lower marbling scores, less fat, and higher retail product percentages than calves in medium or fat condition at weaning. Medium condition calves gained faster, had less fat, higher retail product percentages, and lower marbling scores than fat calves. Calves with large …
Factors Affecting Conception After Synchronization With Lutalyse® And Timed Insemination, M. King, G.H. Kiracofe, R.M. Mckee
Factors Affecting Conception After Synchronization With Lutalyse® And Timed Insemination, M. King, G.H. Kiracofe, R.M. Mckee
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
With heifers given two injections of Lutalyse 11 days apart, and inseminated 80 hours after the second injection, only 20% in heat before 48 hours conceived compared with 65% that were in heat 48 to 80 hours after injection. Those showing heat early may have been inseminated too late. Heifers receiving their second injection on day 7. 8, or 9 of the cycle came into heat earlier than those injected on days 10 through 15.
The Effects Of Stocking Rate And Level Of Winter Supplementation On Pregnancy Rates In Spring Calving Cows In The Kansas Flint Hills, L.R. Sprott, L.R. Corah, G.H. Kiracofe, Clenton E. Owensby
The Effects Of Stocking Rate And Level Of Winter Supplementation On Pregnancy Rates In Spring Calving Cows In The Kansas Flint Hills, L.R. Sprott, L.R. Corah, G.H. Kiracofe, Clenton E. Owensby
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Pregnancy rates the first 40 days of breeding were lower in cows stocked at less than 6 acres/AU than in those allowed more grazing acres. Supplementation rate during the last 100 days of gestation had little effect on pregnancy rates. Thin cows that had weaned their firs calf had lowest pregnancy rates.
Effects Of Dressing Procedures Upon Yield And Quality Of The Beef Tenderloin, P.E. De Felicio, Dell M. Allen, Curtis L. Kastner
Effects Of Dressing Procedures Upon Yield And Quality Of The Beef Tenderloin, P.E. De Felicio, Dell M. Allen, Curtis L. Kastner
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Removing kidney fat at slaughter did not affect (P>.05) the chilled or chilled-and-aged weights of the tenderloin. But small differences in tenderness and color at the beginning of the display period favored the conventional dressing procedure.
Effect Of Rumensin On The Growth And Sexual Development Of Beef Bulls, L.R. Corah, W.D. Busby, R.M. Mckee, G.H. Kiracofe
Effect Of Rumensin On The Growth And Sexual Development Of Beef Bulls, L.R. Corah, W.D. Busby, R.M. Mckee, G.H. Kiracofe
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Fifty percentage Simmental bull calves were fed either with or without Rumensin. Although Rumensin improved gain by 9.2%, it had no effect on sexual development.
Ensila Plus And Cold-Flo Additives For Corn Silage, K. Bolsen, H. Ilg
Ensila Plus And Cold-Flo Additives For Corn Silage, K. Bolsen, H. Ilg
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Enzyme (Ensila Plus) and non-protein nitrogen (Cold-flo) silage additives were evaluated with whole-plant corn silage. Cold-flo increased ensiling temperatures 6 to 80 F during the first week. Growing steers fed Ensila Plus, Cold-flo, or control + SBM silage rations had similar performances, and better than steers fed a control + urea ration. Cold-flo corn silage was more stable in air than control or Ensila Plus silages. No heating or molding was observed in Cold-flo silage after 28 days of air exposure; control silage heated after 10 days; Ensila Plus after 8 days. Dry matter removed from the silos and fed …