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Cytotypes And Morphometrics Of Two Phyllostomatid Bats, Micronycteris Hirsuta And Vampyressa Pusilla, Robert J. Baker, Hugh H. Genoways, William J. Bleier, Jerry W. Warner

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

Jackson and Patton stated that the key to understanding mechanisms of chromosomal evolution lies in studies of chromosomal variation within populations that can hybridize. Hybrids between cytotypes contain the answer to problems of meiotic pairing and reduced fertility, as well as information concerning the nature of zones of contact. However, before detailed studies can be initiated, chromosomal races and hybrid zones must be located. Few chromosomal races have been described for bats. Within the family Vespertilionidae, five species are known to have such races and races have been reported in two species of the family Phyllostomatidae.

Described are chromosomal races …

Cytotypes And Morphometrics Of Two Phyllostomatid Bats, Micronycteris Hirsuta And Vampyressa Pusilla, Robert J. Baker, Hugh H. Genoways, William J. Bleier, Jerry W. Warner

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

As pointed out by Jackson (1971) and Patton (1972), the key to understanding mechanisms of chromosomal evolution lies in studies of chromosomal variation within populations that can hybridize. Hybrids between cytotypes contain the answer to problems of meiotic pairing and reduced fertility, as well as information concerning the nature of zones of contact. However, before detailed studies can be initiated, chromosomal races and hybrid zones must be located. Few chromosomal races have been described for bats (Baker, 1970a). Within the family Vespertilionidae, five species are known to have such races (Baker, 1970a) and races have been reported in two species …

Natural And Unnatural Selection In A Wild Goose, Paul A. Johnsgard

Papers in Ornithology

Blue goose and snow goose color phases enable the species to reproduce efficiently in the harsh Canadian climate. But hunters, more eager than sporting, are upsetting this finely tuned pattern of survival.

How Many Cranes Make A Skyful?, Paul A. Johnsgard

Paul Johnsgard Collection

Every year thousands of lesser sandhills congregate along the Platte River in Nebraska on their spring migration northwards. Mainly because of local damage caused by the birds during their fall migration, they have been legally hunted since 1961. Can the population survive such persistent destruction?

One may ask the question “How many cranes are enough?” This is perhaps analogous to the rhetorical question as to how many redwood trees are needed to make a viable forest; for a remnant crane population is not only unimpressive but also seemingly does not survive or reproduce well, judging from population trends in the …

Whole Issue Nebraska Bird Review (December 1973) 41(4)

Nebraska Bird Review

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Recent Mammals of Crescent Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Garden County, Nebraska................ 71

A Bald Eagle Nest in Nebraska................ 76

Vertical Stratification among Selected Species of Birds ................77

Notes ................79

Index of Volume XXXXI ................81

Seasonal Food Habits Of European Wild Hogs (Sus Scrofa) In The Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Charles D. Scott

Masters Theses

This study was conducted on the Tennessee side of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park from the fall of 1971 to the spring of 1973. Seasonal food habits information of the European wild hog (Sus scrofa) was obtained by the analyses of stomach contents.

Hogs ate primarily plant material in all seasons. Grasses (Gramineae) were the most important food item in the spring. Grasses were important to hogs in the summer, as were the fruits of Gaylussacia sp., Vaccinium sp., and Malus sp. Roots were the major food item in the fall and winter months, although the mast …

Seasonal Food Habits Of European Wild Hogs (Sus Scrofa) In The Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Charles D. Scott

Masters Theses

This study was conducted on the Tennessee side of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park from the fall of 1971 to the spring of 1973. Seasonal food habits information of the European wild hog (Sus scrofa) was obtained by the analyses of stomach contents.

Hogs ate primarily plant material in all seasons. Grasses (Gramineae) were the most important food item in the spring. Grasses were important to hogs in the summer, as were the fruits of Gaylussacia sp., Vaccinium sp., and Malus sp. Roots were the major food item in the fall and winter months, although the mast …

Growth Stimulant Substitutes For Stilbestrol, James J. O'Connell

South Dakota Cattle Feeders Field Day Proceedings and Research Reports, 1973

No abstract provided.

Progress Reports For Investigation Of The Impact Of A Major Flood On The Fisheries Resources And Environments Of The Chesapeake Bay : For The Period September 1, 1972 - June 30, 1973, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science

Reports

• I. Effects of adult blue crabs and blue crab larvae [Activities related to Tropical Storm Agnes, Crustaceology Dept. / W.A. Van Engel --
• II. Effects on the plankton community [Plankton of the lower Chesapeake Bay, summer 1972] / G.C. Grant, R. Rhodes, J.E. Warinner, P.L. Zubkoff. --
• III. Influences on adult fish [James, York and Rappahannock River trawl survey, Agnes Flood, June 28-July 3, 1972; Follow-up, Aug. 8-Sept. 7, 1972] / W. Wilson; Hurricane Agnes, finfish investigations up to Sept. 7 , 1972 / W. Hoagman --
• IV. Influence on oyster associates [Survey of fouling in York River, 27 September …

Meeting The Protein Needs Of Growing And Finishing Cattle, William W. Schneider

South Dakota Cattle Feeders Field Day Proceedings and Research Reports, 1973

The cost of nearly all feed commodities has sharply risen since one year ago. Those feed ingredients normally used as natural protein sources, however , have risen in cost much more dramatically than the roughages or the cereal grains used for animal feed. This substantial rise in cost of high protein feeds plus possible shortages of feed grade urea will force many cattle feeders to alter feeding and management practices used in the past. For example, recommendations in previous years frequently called for the use of soybean meal or soybean meal based supplements as the source of protein in growing …

Effects Of Confinement Feeding Systems On Beef Cattle Production, R.D. Goodrich, J.C. Meiske, R.E. Smith, H.E. Henke

South Dakota Cattle Feeders Field Day Proceedings and Research Reports, 1973

Several factors have stimulated interest in housing systems for feedlot cattle. Some of these factors are (1) the desire to eliminate problems associated with the use of bedding, (2) the desire to decrease the labor required for feeding, bedding and manure handling, (3) the need to develop effective pollution control measures and (4) the desire to know the effects that housing systems may have on the performance and carcass characteristics of feedlot cattle. The objectives of the trials reported herein were (1) to study the influence of housing systems on the performance of finishing steer calves and (2) to study …

Carcass Characteristics Of Bulls, Heifers And Steers As Influenced By Ration And Market Weight, Peter B. Smith, W.J. Costello, Peter J. Thiex, L.B. Embry

South Dakota Cattle Feeders Field Day Proceedings and Research Reports, 1973

High feed grain prices, a growing worldwide demand for animal protein, and increasing demand for lean, high quality beef make it imperative that beef volume and production efficiency increase. Because of high feed costs it is important to know how concentrate level in the ration and market weight influence production efficiency and carcass composition of different sex groups. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of market weight and ration concentrate level on the quant itative and qualitative carcass traits of yearling bulls, bull calves, heifers and steers .

Investigation Of Western Yellow Pine (Pinus Ponderosa) Abortion, C. Cogswell, L.D. Kamstra

South Dakota Cattle Feeders Field Day Proceedings and Research Reports, 1973

For a number of years, ranchers in western South Dakota have been of the opinion that pregnant cows will abort after the consumption of sufficient quantities of yellow pine (Pinus ponderosa) needles. Problem areas exist where the yellow pine is the predominant pine species. Incidence of pine needle abortion is particularly high in late winter and early spring after cows in the last trimester of pregnancy graze on the needles. Some ranchers, however, have experienced the problem throughout the year when cows in earlier stages of pregnancy have aborted. Retained placentas are frequently associated with the abortions. If true abortions …

Growth Stimulating Products For Feedlot Heifers Fed High-Concentrate Diets Of High-Moisture Corn, J.D. Burkhardt, L.B. Embry

South Dakota Cattle Feeders Field Day Proceedings and Research Reports, 1973

This experiment was one in a series to determine the response by fee dlot heifers to various growth promoting products . Products tested were diethylstilbestrol (DES), zeranol and melengestrol acetate (MGA) under conditions of high-concentrate diets with high-moisture grain and hay or haylage.

Systematics And Evolutionary Relationships Of Spiny Pocket Mice, Genus Liomys, Hugh H. Genoways

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

Introduction

Spiny pocket mice of the genus Liomys are members of the rodent family Heteromyidae and together with the genus Heteromys form the subfamily Heteromyinae. Their geographic range extends from northern Sonora, in western Mexico, and southern Texas southward to the vicinity of the Panama Canal Zone. Within this area, members of the genus occur mainly in dry to arid situations being replaced in areas of rain forest and cloud forest by members of the genus Heteromys. The vernacular name for Liomys is based on the fact that many of their hairs have been modified in the form of …

Growing And Fishing Bulls, Heifers And Steers, P.J. Thiex, L.B. Embry

South Dakota Cattle Feeders Field Day Proceedings and Research Reports, 1973

Growth rate of an animal depends upon energy consumed in excess of that for maintenance, and the requirements increase as the animal grows and fattens. Male and female cattle differ in rates of growth and fattening, but changes may be brought about by castration. There still is some concern as to the effects of market weight and energy content of rations on weight gain, feed efficiency and carcass characteristics of feedlot bulls, heifers and steers. This experiment was conducted to study these factors. Bulls ( calves and yearlings), heifers and steers were fed to one of two final weight groups. …

Storage Methods And Protein Supplements For High-Moisture Ear Corn, W.S. Swan, L.B. Embry

South Dakota Cattle Feeders Field Day Proceedings and Research Reports, 1973

A high rate of gain can be obtained with growing and finishing cattle fed ear corn adequately supplemented with protein, minerals and vitamins. The cob portion of the ear furnishes more roughage than has been reported to result in optimum gains with minimum problems frequently associated with high-concentrate diets. Other roughages are not indicated with ear corn where high rates of gain are desired. Ear corn contains less protein than recommended in most diets for growing and finishing cattle. The low protein cob portion may not be an economical source of roughage in comparison to those considerably higher in protein …

Weaning Age And Management Systems For Fall Born Beef Calves, William Mccone

South Dakota Cattle Feeders Field Day Proceedings and Research Reports, 1973

Seventeen registered Angus, Hereford and Shorthorn cows calved in September, 1972. The cows calved on pasture and remained on pasture until early November. From November 10 to December 29, the cows were bred for 1973 fall calves. On December 29, 1972, one-half of the calves were weaned and started on a self-fed ration. The remaining one-half of the calves were allowed to continue nursing the cows, but the calves also had access to a creep feeder containing the same ration used for the weaned calves. At the start of the experiment the calves were randomly divided by sex, breed and …

Adaptation Of Feedlot Cattle To Urea And Antibacterial Compounds, J.D. Burkhardt, L.B. Embry, L.B. Dye

South Dakota Cattle Feeders Field Day Proceedings and Research Reports, 1973

A period of adaptation to urea during which feedlot performance is suppressed is frequently experienced when this product is added to rations of cattle not previously, or recently, fed it. This effect appears more evident with levels of urea used when it forms a major part of total protein in the ration. Urea and antibiotics in combination are common additions to protein supplements or mixed rations. At usual levels for continuous feeding of antibiotics and safe levels of urea for the dietary conditions, the combination appears satisfactory and to offer the beneficial effects from these compounds after a suitable period …

Backgrounding Of Feedlot Cattle - Levels Of Grain On Pasture, L.B. Embry

South Dakota Cattle Feeders Field Day Proceedings and Research Reports, 1973

Utilization of appreciable quantities of roughage for growing and finishing feedlot cattle means some restriction on rate of production in comparison to that obtained from diets containing more liberal quantities of concentrates. Periods of restricted growth of cattle have been shown to be followed by an accelerated rate of growth with an improvement in feed efficiency in comparison to more liberally fed animals during later finishing periods with high-concentrate diets. Thus, there can be some compensation in both rate and efficiency of gain following periods of restriction. However, the amount of compensation may vary depending upon the comparative degree and …

Seventeenth Annual Cattle Feeders Day, Animal Science Department

South Dakota Cattle Feeders Field Day Proceedings and Research Reports, 1973

These are the complete proceedings of the seventeenth annual Cattle Feeders Day held on November 2, 1973 at South Dakota State University.

Kentucky Warbler (Vol. 49, No. 4), Kentucky Library Research Collections

Kentucky Warbler

No abstract provided.

Rock Crab: A Potential New Resource, Paul A. Haefner Jr., W. A. Vanengel, David Garten

Reports

No abstract provided.

Post-Settlement Land Uses And Their Effects On The Cedarburg Bog, Nevin J. Farley, Peter J. Salamun

Field Station Bulletins

During a study of the plant species of a lowland hardwood stand at the western edge of the Cedarburg Bog (Farley, 1973), it was noted that significant environmental changes had occurred here and throughout the bog which resulted in the present-day vegatation patterns. Many of these changes can be attributed to the various post-settlement land-use practices which were employed in the Town of Saukville (TllN, R21E), Ozaukee County, Wisconsin, where this bog is located. To document this information a literature survey was made of the various studies which ha ve been carried out in this area (Cutler, 1936; Grittinger, 1969; …

Prairie Establishment At The Field Station, Philip B. Whitford

Field Station Bulletins

Early in the development of the Cedar-Sauk Field Station it was decided to attempt establishing a sample of prairie vegetation as an experimental and demonstration project. Although none of the field station land had prairie soil and the nearest site of original native prairie was probably at least twenty miles distant, we felt that this area was close enough to the original prairies climatically so that most of the prairie species native to southeastern Wisconsin should be able to survive. If even moderately successful, it would provide an additional habitat for studies of animal life at the station, a demonstration …

Breeding Birds Of The Forested Portions Of Cedarburg Bog, Charles M. Weise

Field Station Bulletins

In 1971 the Wisconsin Scientific Areas Preservation Council inaugurated a program of annual breeding bird surveys in the various state scientific areas, carried out by members of the Wisconsin Society for Ornithology and coordinated by Mrs. Evelyn Warner. The object is to provide documented quantitative data for assessment of bird population trends, specifically as an index to possible environmental deterioration. The upland deciduous (maple-beech) woods at the UWM Field Station and a large part of the adjacent Cedarburg Bog are included in the scientific areas system, destined for preservation with minimal management for scientific research and education. As part of …

A Survey In The Elizabeth River For Oysters, Clams And Shell In The Vicinity Of The Proposed Transco Construction Site, Dexter Haven, Paul Kendall

Reports

This study was conducted by the Virginia Institute of Marine Science at Gloucester Point, Virginia at the request of Woodward Envicon Inc. Its purpose was to evaluate the magnitude of populations of hard clams Mercenaria mercenaria, oysters Crassos.trea virginica, I and shell in the area of the proposed TRANSCO channel, in the Elizabeth River, Virginia.

Whole Issue Nebraska Bird Review (September 1973) 41(3)

Nebraska Bird Review

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1973 (Forty-eighth) Spring Migration and Occurrence Report ....................46

Eutrophication Field Trip.................... 66

Notes ....................66

Book Review ....................68

Kentucky Warbler (Vol. 49, No. 3), Kentucky Library Research Collections

Kentucky Warbler

No abstract provided.

Nongeographic Variation In The Long-Nosed Bat, Choeroniscus Intermedius, Hugh H. Genoways, Robert J. Baker, Bernard Wyatt

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

Of the 12 measurements analyzed, only length of tail exhibited enough individual variation to warrant its deletion in analysis of geographic or interspecific variation in the genus Choeroniscus. Also, because of the difficulty in consistently taking the measurement, we also suggest elimination of postorbital constriction.

Specimens of Choeroniscus intermedius were found to exhibit significant secondary sexual variation in five of the 12 measurements studied. Therefore, it is clear that males and females should be separated in analyses of variation within members of the genus. Females were found to be the larger in 10 of the 12 measurements--similar to the …