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Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

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1978

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Articles 1 - 30 of 46

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Weaning Calves Early From Drylot, M. Mckee, G. Fink Jan 1978

Weaning Calves Early From Drylot, M. Mckee, G. Fink

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Percentage Simmental and Hereford calves gained slightly more (13 lbs./hd) while nursing their mothers than 83 herd mates that were weaned early at 49 (+27) days of age. Percentage Simmental cows whose calves were weaned early had a higher conception rate than percentage Simmental cows that nursed calves (93% vs. 89%) Dams of calves weaned early rebred 17.6 days sooner than nursing dams.

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Factors Influencing Sickness At Central Bull Test Station, D.S. O'Banion, K.O. Zoellner, R.R. Schalles Jan 1978

Factors Influencing Sickness At Central Bull Test Station, D.S. O'Banion, K.O. Zoellner, R.R. Schalles

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Pre-test management was studied on 351 bulls from 54 herds that were tested at the Kansas Bull Test Station at Beloit, Kansas. Charolais, Hereford, Polled Hereford, and Simmental bulls were sick more days than Angus or Limousin between delivery and start of test. Starting ages and weight correlated significantly with sickness. Bulls sick the least had been vaccinated with BVD, IBR, PI3, Pasturella, Blackleg, malignant edema, and lepto before arriving for test.

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Utilizing Wheat Straw And Wheat Tailings With Beef Cows, B. Peverley, L. Corah, M. Mckee Jan 1978

Utilizing Wheat Straw And Wheat Tailings With Beef Cows, B. Peverley, L. Corah, M. Mckee

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Ninety-one Simmental-Hereford and Hereford cows in early gestation were used to compare three rations in a 106-day trial: (1) wheat straw, (2) wheat tailings, and (3) soaked wheat straw. Each was fed to groups of lactation and nonlactating cows. Cows fed the soaked wheat straw and those fed wheat tailings out-gained those on wheat straw by 28 and 16.7 pounds, respectively. All cows' condition score decreased during the trial period. Two-year-old heifers did not perform as well as the mature cows on the straw rations. Dry cows out-gained the lactating cows on both straw and tailing rations.

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Effect Of Ronnel® On Performance Of Feedlot Steers, Jack G. Riley, D. Tobyne Jan 1978

Effect Of Ronnel® On Performance Of Feedlot Steers, Jack G. Riley, D. Tobyne

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

We used 180 yearling Hereford and Angus x Hereford crossbred steers averaging 643 pounds in a 139-day, feedlot trial to evaluate steer performance when the systemic grub control pesticide Ronnel was fed at 5 levels; 1, 16, 32, 64 and 128 grams per ton of complete feed. Runnel increased daily feed intake an average of 2.5%; 64 grams/ton produced gains 8.5% faster and 5.8% more efficiently than the controls (0 Ronnel) and was the most beneficial dose. No significant differences were observed in carcass traits. This product is presently not cleared for use in feedlot cattle.

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The Concept Of Adjusting Energy Level In Maintenance Rations For Cold Weather, D.R. Ames Jan 1978

The Concept Of Adjusting Energy Level In Maintenance Rations For Cold Weather, D.R. Ames

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Nutrient requirements for domestic animals (NRC) published by the National Research Council are the best estimates available. For beef cattle, specific tables are listed for animals of different weights and for various stages of the production cycle. Although these values are useful for many situations, there are instances when they should be adjusted. One needed adjustment is energy requirement for maintenance when cattle are exposed to cold and rate of heat production must increase to compensate for increased heat loss. The two factors that determine the rate of heat loss are: (1) the differences between body temperature and environmental temperature, …

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Sudangrass, Sorghum-Sudan, Forage Sorghum, And Corn Silages And Three Protein Levels For Growing Yearling Steers, W. Thompson, J. Oltjen, K. Bolsen, H. Ilg, Jack G. Riley Jan 1978

Sudangrass, Sorghum-Sudan, Forage Sorghum, And Corn Silages And Three Protein Levels For Growing Yearling Steers, W. Thompson, J. Oltjen, K. Bolsen, H. Ilg, Jack G. Riley

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Sudangrass, sorghum-sudan, forage sorghum, and corn silages were full-fed to yearling steers for 70-or 91-day growing periods. For both periods, steers fed corn silage outperformed steers fed any other silage. In the 70-day period silages from both sudangrass and sorghum-sudan cut at 45- and 60-inch plant heights, respectively, supported performance similar to forage sorghum silage. For both periods steers fed sorghum-sudan (dough) silage gained slowest and least efficiently. For the 91-day period, rations containing 12.0% crude protein supported better performance than rations containing 10.5 or 9% protein and 10.5% protein rations supported better performance than 9% protein rations.

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Effect Of Age And Type Of Testosterone Treatment On Cows Used For Heat Detection, G.N. Laaser, G.H. Kiracofe, M.D. Heekin, H.S. Ward, Kenneth G. Odde Jan 1978

Effect Of Age And Type Of Testosterone Treatment On Cows Used For Heat Detection, G.N. Laaser, G.H. Kiracofe, M.D. Heekin, H.S. Ward, Kenneth G. Odde

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Twelve cows were given a preliminary treatment of testosterone proprionate and were used to help us detect other cows in heat. We used two types of testosterone booster treatments to maintain male sex behavior in both age groups of cows. Two cows from each treatment or age group were paired and placed with 40 or 60 cows for 30 to 50 days. Two hundred forty-nine cows were observed in heat and 240 (96.4%) were marked by the detector cows. In this experiment, testosterone proprionate boosters maintained cows as heat detectors more effectively than testosterone enanthate boosters.

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Mineral Contents Of Native Bluestem Pastures, L.H. Harbers, J.E. Umoh, D.A. Raiten, V.K. Chaffin Jan 1978

Mineral Contents Of Native Bluestem Pastures, L.H. Harbers, J.E. Umoh, D.A. Raiten, V.K. Chaffin

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Handclipped and esophageal samples of burned and control native bluestem pastures were taken monthly. Burning increased phosphorus (P) and magnesium (Mg) and decreased iron (Fe). These studies indicate that burned and unburned pastures need to be supplemented with potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), and possibly phosphorus (P) during late fall and winter. A supply of sodium (Na) is necessary continuously.

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Feeding Monensin To Yearling Cattle On Summer Grass, E.F. Smith, R. Pruitt, Jack G. Riley, L. Corah, Clenton E. Owensby Jan 1978

Feeding Monensin To Yearling Cattle On Summer Grass, E.F. Smith, R. Pruitt, Jack G. Riley, L. Corah, Clenton E. Owensby

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The feed additive, Monensin, was self-fed in a feed block to yearling cattle on summer pasture. Consumption of the block (0.29 lb. daily) supplied 116 mg. of Monensin daily, which failed to improve the cattle's performance.

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Carcass Characteristics, Palatability, And Shelf Life Of Beef Finished On Selected Feeding Regimes, Dell M. Allen, Melvin C. Hunt, Donald H. Kropf, V. Chen, O. Corte, G.H. Gutowski, A.R. Harrison, C. Kuntapanit, J.D. Thomas, M.E. "Smith" Mccurry Jan 1978

Carcass Characteristics, Palatability, And Shelf Life Of Beef Finished On Selected Feeding Regimes, Dell M. Allen, Melvin C. Hunt, Donald H. Kropf, V. Chen, O. Corte, G.H. Gutowski, A.R. Harrison, C. Kuntapanit, J.D. Thomas, M.E. "Smith" Mccurry

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

This report terminates a 3-year study and includes data from this past year. Previous results were reported in the 1976 and '77 Cattlemen's Day Report.

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Effect Of Adding Fat To Diets During Late Gestation And Lactation (1978), G L. Allee, J Salava Jan 1978

Effect Of Adding Fat To Diets During Late Gestation And Lactation (1978), G L. Allee, J Salava

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Recent research at the University of Nebraska suggest that feeding sows high level of fat (15-20%) during late gestation and lactation may increase energy stores in the newborn pig and increase their survival. Adding fat to sows diets increases the fat content of the milk and therefore increases its energy content. The present studies were conducted to evaluate the effect of feeding 6% fat to sows and gilts during late gestation and lactation on pig survival and performance from birth to weaning (14 or 21 days).; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 9, 1978

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The Relationship Between Body Measurements And Performance Traits Of Selected Barrows Carried To Heavy Weights (1978), D H. Carnahan, Robert H. Hines Jan 1978

The Relationship Between Body Measurements And Performance Traits Of Selected Barrows Carried To Heavy Weights (1978), D H. Carnahan, Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Forty-seven Yorkshire barrows were selected for large and small scale test groups by using body height and length as a selection index. Initially the index between groups differed; however, the same measurements gave indexes that were nearly equal when the pigs weighed 210 and 300 lbs. Large scale barrows gained faster per day than did small scale barrows from start to 210 lbs; however, there were no differences in feed efficiency or backfat thickness. No differences were observed between scale groups fed to 300 lbs for the traits of average daily gain, feed efficiency, backfat thickness, carcass length, or loin …

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Performance Of Pigs Fed Corn, Sorghum, Or Wheat With 0 Or 4% Added Fat (1978), G L. Allee Jan 1978

Performance Of Pigs Fed Corn, Sorghum, Or Wheat With 0 Or 4% Added Fat (1978), G L. Allee

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

We used 96 crossbred pigs averaging 8.3 kg (19.3 lbs.) to compare performances with sorghum, corn, or wheat with 0 or 4% added fat (tallow). The trial ended when pigs averaged approximately 220 pounds. Grain source (sorghum, corn, or wheat) did not affect average daily gain or feed efficiency of pigs during any ration phase (starter, grower, or finisher). Adding fat (to each grain ration) reduced feed intake and improved feed efficiency during each ration phase. The greatest improvement in feed efficiency from added fat was during the finishing phase.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 9, 1978

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The Evaluation Of Virginiamycin In Feed As A Treatment For Swine Dysentery In Heavy (More Than 120 Lbs.) Hogs (1978), D A. Schoneweis Jan 1978

The Evaluation Of Virginiamycin In Feed As A Treatment For Swine Dysentery In Heavy (More Than 120 Lbs.) Hogs (1978), D A. Schoneweis

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Virginiamycin at 100 grams per ton of feed was effective as a treatment against swine dysentery. The only pig receiving Virginiamycin that died during treatment had concurrent gangrenous pneumonia --probably the major cause of death. The pigs receiving the feed with Virginiamycin were more alert and ate more than the controls--which resulted in more weight gain and improved feed conversion. The Virginiarnycin did not clear up all signs of dysentery as several pigs continued to have diarrhea. Pigs that had been on Virginiamycin began to break with dysentery six days after the antibiotic was withdrawn and a pig weighing 234 …

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Evaluation Of A Concentrated Milk Replacer And A Vitamin-Amino Acid-Iron-Electrolyte Supplement On Baby Pig Survival And Performance (1978), D A. Schoneweis, Robert H. Hines Jan 1978

Evaluation Of A Concentrated Milk Replacer And A Vitamin-Amino Acid-Iron-Electrolyte Supplement On Baby Pig Survival And Performance (1978), D A. Schoneweis, Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Litters offered a concentrated milk replacer and the vitamin amino acid, iron-electrolyte supplement, weighed the same as control litters at day 10, 14, 21, and 28. Blood analysis revealed no difference in packed cell volume, hemoglobin, or plasma protein between litters offered the supplement and control litters. Survival rate from birth to weaning favored the control litters (93.9 or 85.3%), however all nineteen litters used in this study were healthy with very little scours observed.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 9, 1978

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Evaluating The Breeding Potential Of Yearling Bulls (Progress Report), L. Corah, G. Kiracofe, V. Bridson, M. Mckee, R.R. Schalles Jan 1978

Evaluating The Breeding Potential Of Yearling Bulls (Progress Report), L. Corah, G. Kiracofe, V. Bridson, M. Mckee, R.R. Schalles

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Although this is based on only ones years' results, it indicates that the breeding potential of yearling bulls can be determined before they are run with a cow herd. In this test one bull sired the majority of the calves and generally was the bull predetermined to be the active breeder. Results of the test suggest that a good, active, breeding yearling bull is capable of breeding more than 12 to 15 cows as is normally recommended. In our studies, one yearling bull sired up to 36 calves in a 45-day breeding season. Possible adverse effects of using a yearling …

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Results From One And Two Implants Compared With Yearling Cattle On Summer Pasture, R. Pruitt, A. Fleck, E.F. Smith, L. Corah, Clenton E. Owensby Jan 1978

Results From One And Two Implants Compared With Yearling Cattle On Summer Pasture, R. Pruitt, A. Fleck, E.F. Smith, L. Corah, Clenton E. Owensby

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Reimplanting Ralgro in mid-July after implanting in late April did not improve daily summer gains compared to a single implant.

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Milo Stover, Forage Sorghum, And Protein Levels Compared For Growing Calves, K. Bolsen, J. Oltjen, H. Ilg Jan 1978

Milo Stover, Forage Sorghum, And Protein Levels Compared For Growing Calves, K. Bolsen, J. Oltjen, H. Ilg

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Milo stover silage, baled silo stover or forage sorghum silage was fed in 10, 12, or 14% protein rations to 120 calves in a 95-day growing trial, December 9, 1976, to March 14, 1977. Calves fed forage sorghum silage outperformed those fed milo stover silage or baled milo stover. Ensiled and baled milo stover supported similar performances. Calves fed 10% protein gained slower and less efficiently than those fed 12 or 14% protein. Observed gain and efficiency for a ration containing equal parts of milo stover silage and forage sorghum silage exceeded predicted gain and efficiency by 7.8% and 15.4%, …

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Protein Supplementation For Cows Wintered On Milo Stubble, M. Mckee, K. Kimole, L.R. Corah Jan 1978

Protein Supplementation For Cows Wintered On Milo Stubble, M. Mckee, K. Kimole, L.R. Corah

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Cows in mid-to-late gestation gained significantly (P<.05) more while grazing milo stover supplemented on alternative days with 4 lbs. per head of a natural protein than cows with no protein supplement. Although protein supplementation stimulated extra gain, the cows receiving no protein supplement gained weight and maintained adequate condition for mid-to-late gestation. When quality and quantity of milo stover are satisfactory, satisfactory performance can be achieved by cows in mid-to-late gestation without supplemental protein.

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Predicting Cattle Performance From Mathematical Models, B.E. Brent, A. Chestnut, P. George Jan 1978

Predicting Cattle Performance From Mathematical Models, B.E. Brent, A. Chestnut, P. George

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Tables based on a mathematical model are presented that allow cost of gains by steers at various weights to be calculated. An example illustrate how to use the tables to help with economic decisions.

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Selection For Muscling In Durocs (1978), J D. Wheat, Donald H. Kropf, P Na-Lampang, Robert H. Hines Jan 1978

Selection For Muscling In Durocs (1978), J D. Wheat, Donald H. Kropf, P Na-Lampang, Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Select line pigs were compared with those in the control line for growth patterns, production traits, and carcass quality. Heritability and genetic correlations were calculated for certain production and carcass traits after five generations of selection.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 9, 1978

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Pelleting Corn-Soybean Meal Swine Diets (1978), E R. Skoch, S F. Binder, C W. Deyoe, G L. Allee, Keith C. Behnke Jan 1978

Pelleting Corn-Soybean Meal Swine Diets (1978), E R. Skoch, S F. Binder, C W. Deyoe, G L. Allee, Keith C. Behnke

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

One hundred forty-six pigs were used to study the effects of steam pelleting a corn-soybean meal diet on pig performance. Treatments included ground meal, meal steam conditioned to 80 C (176 ÌŠF) before pelleting, meal pelleted without steam conditioning, and a meal diet with 2% molasses replacing corn. Steam-conditioning the meal before pelleting resulted in less starch damage, and less electrical energy was required for pelleting. Pellet durability was considerably increased with steam conditioning. None of the processing methods studied caused significant (P<.05) improvement in daily gain, feed efficiency, or energy digestibility for weanling pigs. A significant improvement (P<.05) over the control diet in feed efficiency and energy digestibility, was found with either pelleting treatment for grower-finisher pigs. However, daily gain was not significantly (P<.05) improved.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 9, 1978

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Effect Of Feeding Oats And Oat Hulls On Performance Of Weanling Pigs (1978), A J. Thulin, G L. Allee, Robert H. Hines Jan 1978

Effect Of Feeding Oats And Oat Hulls On Performance Of Weanling Pigs (1978), A J. Thulin, G L. Allee, Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two hundred twenty-eight Yorkshire pigs, weaned at 5 weeks of age and averaging 8.4 kg. (18.46 lbs) were used to determine how feeding them various levels of oats, oat hulls, and oats plus fat would effect their performance. Adding oats or oat hulls to increase fiber content of the diets resulted in similar rates of gain, even though the diets contained up to 7.3% fiber. Pigs fed a diet containing 7.3% fiber, however had significantly poorer feed efficiency and daily feed intake than pigs fed the other diets tested. Pigs fed diets containing 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% oats had …

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Arthrogryposis In Piglets (1978), H W. Leipold, R Ely, D Schoneweis Jan 1978

Arthrogryposis In Piglets (1978), H W. Leipold, R Ely, D Schoneweis

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

This report documents experimental reproduction of tetramelic arthrogryposis in purebred Yorkshire swine by breeding trials. Data from the trials indigated arthrogryposis may be due to homozygosity of a simple autosomal recessive gene. No affected pig was observed to be alive at parturition, although most had been alive in utero just prior to delivery. Other than dystocia observed in the sows, no other significant clinical findings were noted. The condition was noted in five litters from two sows which were bred to the same boar. Approximately 25% of the pigs exhibited the clinical signs of arthrogryposis which included malformed rigidly extended …

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Evaporative Cooling Systems For Swine (1978), D R. Ames, David A. Nichols, Robert H. Hines Jan 1978

Evaporative Cooling Systems For Swine (1978), D R. Ames, David A. Nichols, Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

During heat stress swine must rely an evaporation as a mechanism for heat loss. Providing water via sprinklers, showers, and foggers is a practical method of reducing heat stress. It is imperative in any evaporative system that animals are permitted to dry, because the evaporation of water is fundamental to evaporative cooling. Ideally, hogs should be wetted and then given time to dry, followed by successive wetting and drying. Studies are under way to investigate various systems of wetting hogs to take maximum advantage of evaporative cooling.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 9, 1978

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Managing The Breeding Herd (1978), Duane L. Davis Jan 1978

Managing The Breeding Herd (1978), Duane L. Davis

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Successful swine producers pay careful attention to the breeding herd. The members of our producer panel will present three approaches to managing reproduction. Their ideas are of particular interest since each is a successful manager. This paper will serve as an outline of topics to be discussed. Basically the same problems occur in all common management systems; however, particular problems may be exaggerated under certain conditions. A well-known example is failure of gilts to reach puberty at an acceptable age. While some producers in all types of facilities experience this problem, complaints are considerably more frequent when gilts are bred …

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Modification Of Ksu Swine Finishing Facility Hovers, Floors, Or Supplemental Heat (1978), B A. Koch, G L. Allee, Robert H. Hines Jan 1978

Modification Of Ksu Swine Finishing Facility Hovers, Floors, Or Supplemental Heat (1978), B A. Koch, G L. Allee, Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two trials were conducted to evaluate the benefits of modifying the KSU swine finishing barn by adding hovers, flooring, or both with and without supplemental heat. In trial 1, pigs with no supplemental heat, hover or floor gained significantly poorer than pigs with supplemental heat plus floor, supplemental heat plus hover and floor, or no heat and floor. Pigs with no heat but with hover, floor or both gained similarly with pigs having the benefit of supplemental heat plus modifications. Average daily gain and feed per lb gain were similar for pigs exposed to supplemental heat and those exposed to …

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Effects Of Feeding A Heat Processed, Predigested Liquid Diet To Three-Week Old Weanling Pigs (1978), S F. Binder, E R. Skoch, C W. Deyoe, G L. Allee, Keith C. Behnke Jan 1978

Effects Of Feeding A Heat Processed, Predigested Liquid Diet To Three-Week Old Weanling Pigs (1978), S F. Binder, E R. Skoch, C W. Deyoe, G L. Allee, Keith C. Behnke

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

One hundred forty, three-week old weanling pigs were used to evaluate the effects of feeding a heat-processed, predigested liquid diet. In Trial I, pigs were randomly allotted to a dry crumbled diet or a processed liquid diet. The basal corn-soybean meal diet contained 20% protein. A preference trial and a digestion trial were also conducted using the same treatments. A second feeding trial was conducted using a basal diet which contained 30% whey. Treatments consisted of a dry meal diet, a dry meal + water diet, and a processed liquid diet.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 9, 1978

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Sources Of Forage Adjusted To Temperature Changes For Wintering Cows In Drylot, M. Mckee, K. Kimple, D.R. Ames, C.L. Willms, L.R. Corah Jan 1978

Sources Of Forage Adjusted To Temperature Changes For Wintering Cows In Drylot, M. Mckee, K. Kimple, D.R. Ames, C.L. Willms, L.R. Corah

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Cows in mid-to-late gestation gained weight when fed either milo stover silage or alfalfa hay-wheat straw but lost weight when the forage source was milo-stover bales. When supplemented with additional corn grain as temperature decreased, cows receiving milo stover stilage or alfalfa hay-wheat straw gained more eight, and cows receiving milo stover bales lost less weight than cows receiving the same forages but fed to NRC (1976) requirements.

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Fate Of Calcium Crystals In Alfalfa Fed To Cattle, L.H. Harbers, G.M. Ward Jan 1978

Fate Of Calcium Crystals In Alfalfa Fed To Cattle, L.H. Harbers, G.M. Ward

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Calcium crystals were located in parallel rows surrounding vascular bundles in alfalfa leaves and under the epidermis of alfalfa stems. The crystals remain intact on vascular bundles in the rumen. Most crystals are dislodged in fecal matter, and free crystals can be recovered. These data support previous work here showing that calcium from alfalfa may be less available to ruminants than previously thought.

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