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Social and Behavioral Sciences

2012

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Articles 1 - 30 of 43

Full-Text Articles in National Security Law

Cover & Front Matter Oct 2012

Cover & Front Matter

Journal of Strategic Security

No abstract provided.


Assessing Whether Oil Dependency In Venezuela Contributes To National Instability, Adam Kott Oct 2012

Assessing Whether Oil Dependency In Venezuela Contributes To National Instability, Adam Kott

Journal of Strategic Security

The focus of this article is on what role, if any, oil has on Venezuela's instability. When trying to explain why a resource-rich country experiences slow or negative growth, experts often point to the resource curse. The following pages explore the traditional theory behind the resource curse as well as alternative perspectives to this theory such as ownership structure and the correlation between oil prices and democracy. This article also explores the various forms of instability within Venezuela and their causes. Finally, the article looks at President Hugo Chavez's political and economic policies as well as the stagnation of the …


European Strategies For Energy Security In The Natural Gas Market, Boyka M. Stefanova Oct 2012

European Strategies For Energy Security In The Natural Gas Market, Boyka M. Stefanova

Journal of Strategic Security

This article examines the European Union's (EU) approach to energy security on the example of its natural gas imports from Russia, the largest supplier of gas to European markets. Two major projects, Nord Stream in the Northern and Western part of the EU, and Nabucco in South-Central Europe, demonstrate opposing energy security strategies, seemingly at odds with the EU objective of achieving energy independence from Russia. The question arises: Are these strategies sustainable? How can they be reconciled and pursued under a common policy? The main argument is that such conflicting sub-regional policy initiatives are amenable to progressive realignment and …


The 2011 Mena Revolutions: A Study In U.S. Energy (In)Security, Jessie Rumsey Oct 2012

The 2011 Mena Revolutions: A Study In U.S. Energy (In)Security, Jessie Rumsey

Journal of Strategic Security

The recent upheavals in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) have brought into stark relief the conflict between democratic values and strategic interests in U.S. foreign policy. Americans are known for commitment to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness, yet the U.S. Government is frequently unwilling to step forward and openly express even rhetorical support for reform movements in foreign countries. In fact, initial American reluctance to support the recent "Arab Spring" uprisings serves as another example of what scholars argue is a general exception in the MENA to broader post-Cold War rising costs of maintaining autocracy. This …


The Strategic Implications Of China's Rare Earths Policy, Shane Bilsborough Oct 2012

The Strategic Implications Of China's Rare Earths Policy, Shane Bilsborough

Journal of Strategic Security

Drawing on literature in China studies, strategic theory, and expert interviews, this article analyzes the possibility of "rare earths" being leveraged by the People's Republic of China (PRC) in a crisis. The evidence suggests China's position in the rare earths market could constitute a significant security liability for the United States. It also seems that even if coercion fails to materialize, China's rare earths policies have the potential to intensify security dilemmas in Sino-American relations.


Arctic Energy Resources: Security And Environmental Implications, Peter Johnston Oct 2012

Arctic Energy Resources: Security And Environmental Implications, Peter Johnston

Journal of Strategic Security

In recent years, there has been considerable interest in the Arctic as a source for resources, as a potential zone for commercial shipping, and as a region that might experience conflict due to its strategic importance. With regards to energy resources, some studies suggest that the region contains upwards of 13 percent of global undiscovered oil, 30 percent of undiscovered gas, and multiples more of gas hydrates. The decreasing amount and duration of Arctic ice cover suggests that extraction of these resources will be increasingly commercially viable. Arctic and non-arctic states wish to benefit from the region's resources and the …


From The Editor, Robert H. Taylor Sep 2012

From The Editor, Robert H. Taylor

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

No abstract provided.


From Plyler V. Doe To Trayvon Martin: Toward Closing The Open Society, Lyle Dennison Sep 2012

From Plyler V. Doe To Trayvon Martin: Toward Closing The Open Society, Lyle Dennison

Washington and Lee Law Review

Lyle Denniston, the longest serving and most experienced journalist covering the United States Supreme Court, takes his theme of an inclusive and open society from the constitutional and cultural vision of the late Justice Lewis F. Powell, Jr. and then offers a detailed argument that America is forfeiting—or at least compromising—that vision in favor of a safer, more secure and more cramped society, at home and abroad. The Article, taken from a memorial lecture in Justice Powell’s honor at Washington and Lee University in April 2012, draws upon a variety of very different societal and legal developments that are found …


Off The Press, Usawc Press Sep 2012

Off The Press, Usawc Press

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

No abstract provided.


Afghanistan: Strategy And War Termination, Christopher Tuck Sep 2012

Afghanistan: Strategy And War Termination, Christopher Tuck

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

No abstract provided.


Book Reviews, Usawc Press Sep 2012

Book Reviews, Usawc Press

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

No abstract provided.


The Futility Of Force And The Preservation Of Power: British Strategic Failure In America, 1780-83, Daniel T. Canfield Sep 2012

The Futility Of Force And The Preservation Of Power: British Strategic Failure In America, 1780-83, Daniel T. Canfield

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

No abstract provided.


The Internet, New Media, And The Evolution Of Insurgency, Steven Metz Sep 2012

The Internet, New Media, And The Evolution Of Insurgency, Steven Metz

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

No abstract provided.


From The Archives, Usawc Press Sep 2012

From The Archives, Usawc Press

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

No abstract provided.


American Landpower And The Middle East Of 2030, Michael R. Eastman Sep 2012

American Landpower And The Middle East Of 2030, Michael R. Eastman

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

No abstract provided.


Editor's Shelf, Usawc Press Sep 2012

Editor's Shelf, Usawc Press

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

No abstract provided.


The Afghanistan Experience: Democratization By Force, Cora Sol Goldstein Sep 2012

The Afghanistan Experience: Democratization By Force, Cora Sol Goldstein

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

No abstract provided.


Coin Is Dead—Long Live Transformation, Cora Ford, Patrick Rose, Howard Body Sep 2012

Coin Is Dead—Long Live Transformation, Cora Ford, Patrick Rose, Howard Body

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

No abstract provided.


Perceptual Framing Of Homeland Security, Linda Kiltz, James D. Ramsay Aug 2012

Perceptual Framing Of Homeland Security, Linda Kiltz, James D. Ramsay

Security Studies & International Affairs - Daytona Beach

This article analyzes the phenomenon of homeland security through the development of four conceptual lenses that were created out of the existing literatures in criminal justice, public administration, organization behavior, risk management, international relations, and the overlap between them. Using terrorism as a proxy for the homeland security enterprise, these conceptual lenses include: (1) homeland security as a criminal justice problem which views terrorism as a crime; (2) homeland security as a international relations problem which views terrorism as a war; (3) homeland security as an organization design problem which views terrorism as a network of sub-state transnational actors; and …


“Advancing With The Times: Industrial Design Protection In The Era Of Virtual Migration”, Horacio E. Gutiérrez Jul 2012

“Advancing With The Times: Industrial Design Protection In The Era Of Virtual Migration”, Horacio E. Gutiérrez

IP Theory

No abstract provided.


National Security Policy Constraints On Technological Innovation: A Case Study Of The Invention Secrecy Act Of 1951, Dorothy K. Mcallen Jul 2012

National Security Policy Constraints On Technological Innovation: A Case Study Of The Invention Secrecy Act Of 1951, Dorothy K. Mcallen

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

Recent studies indicate that the United States is trailing other countries in technological innovation and competitiveness. This case study examined national security policy constraints on technological innovation, specifically the Invention Secrecy Act. It focused on the social constructs of collaboration and interdisciplinary knowledge in the aerospace industry. The methodology included historical research, data collection, and semi-structured interviews with experts from academia, general industry, government and public policy, aerospace/defense industry, and federal government. The results of the study suggested that since World War II, national security policies have not been clearly and consistently defined, interpreted, or implemented. This lack of clarity …


The Youth Bulge In Egypt: An Intersection Of Demographics, Security, And The Arab Spring, Daniel Lagraffe Jul 2012

The Youth Bulge In Egypt: An Intersection Of Demographics, Security, And The Arab Spring, Daniel Lagraffe

Journal of Strategic Security

During the Arab Spring, Egyptians revolted against decades of poor governance and failed institutions. A wide range of grievances contributed to the eventual fall of the Mubarak regime, and most of these grievances were influenced by the demographic composition of the Egyptian population. This paper argues that the youth bulge in Egypt played a major role in the political transition and as such serves as the prime example of the intersection of demographics, security, and the Arab Spring.


Libya And Resolution 1973: The Law Of Politics, Monica Naime Jul 2012

Libya And Resolution 1973: The Law Of Politics, Monica Naime

Journal of Strategic Security

This paper analyzes recent developments in the intervention in Libya from the perspective of international relations and international law. The evidence suggests that states decided to intervene in Libya prior to sanction from the United Nations Security Council's Resolution 1973. The implication from the Libyan example is that politics was the impetus for the formulation and implementation of law, and not the other way around. Law "happens" in a context, and this context is shaped and bounded by international politics. This article is intended to invigorate further research into how international politics influences the creation, interpretation, and application of international …


Cover & Front Matter Jul 2012

Cover & Front Matter

Journal of Strategic Security

No abstract provided.


The Impact Of The Arab Spring On Islamist Strategies, Ioana E. Matesan Jul 2012

The Impact Of The Arab Spring On Islamist Strategies, Ioana E. Matesan

Journal of Strategic Security

The revolutions in Tunisia and Egypt created a contagion effect that inspired a series of uprisings by sending two signals: first, that even entrenched authoritarian regimes are vulnerable; and second, that nonviolent tactics can be effective in bringing about dramatic political changes. Subsequent developments, especially in Libya and Syria, convoluted these messages. Nonetheless, the political openings and the electoral victory of Islamists in Egypt and Tunisia continue to send the signal to many Islamist opposition groups that nonviolent means and participation in politics can be effective ways to produce political change. The chance of gaining power through electoral means can …


War Without Violence: Leveraging The Arab Spring To Win The War On Terrorism, Pat Proctor Jul 2012

War Without Violence: Leveraging The Arab Spring To Win The War On Terrorism, Pat Proctor

Journal of Strategic Security

After a decade of war, the United States has failed to eradicate the threat of salafist jihadism. No matter how hard it tries, the United States cannot kill its way to victory in the war on terrorism. Sweeping changes across the Middle East—dubbed the "Arab Spring" by the media—have presented the West with a unique opportunity to pursue an alternative approach. Rather than engaging in war (politics through violence), the United States should engage in mass politics (war without violence) to compel the Arab world to reject the salafist jihadism idea. This article proposes a strategy calibrated to defeat international …


Learning From Libya, Acting In Syria, Caitlin A. Buckley Jul 2012

Learning From Libya, Acting In Syria, Caitlin A. Buckley

Journal of Strategic Security

The international community has reached an impasse. The violence committed by Syrian President Assad's government against opposition forces, who have been calling for democratic reform, regime change, and expanded rights, has necessitated a response from the international community. This article explores various ways the international community could respond to the crisis in Syria and the consequences of each approach. It compares the current calamity in Syria to the crisis in Libya and examines the international community's response to the violence perpetrated by Qaddafi's regime. It further analyzes reports, primarily from the UN and news sources, about the ongoing predicament in …


Parting The Waves: Claims To Maritime Jurisdiction And The Division Of Ocean Space, Clive Schofield Apr 2012

Parting The Waves: Claims To Maritime Jurisdiction And The Division Of Ocean Space, Clive Schofield

Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs

This article casts aside traditional obsessions and examines the development and present state of coastal State claims to maritime jurisdiction, the overlapping claims to maritime space that have inevitably resulted from the significant extension of maritime claims in recent decades, and thus the delimitation of maritime boundaries.


Alone On A Wide Wide Sea: A National Security Rationale For Joining The Law Of The Sea Convention, James W. Houck Apr 2012

Alone On A Wide Wide Sea: A National Security Rationale For Joining The Law Of The Sea Convention, James W. Houck

Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs

In the face of twenty-first century challenges to military maritime mobility, the question persists as to whether customary international law will remain a reliable foundation for U.S. maritime security interests in the future. To date, the U.S. has successfully conducted military operations sanctioned by the customary high seas freedoms of free navigation and overflight. However, with technological advances and heightened environmental and defense concerns, countries with coastal state interests may demand greater control over their near-shore waters, requiring the U.S. to reconsider its position outside the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). This article addresses pertinent …


Ten Years Of Gwot, The Failure Of Democratization And The Fallacy Of “Ungoverned Spaces”, David P. Oakley, Patrick Proctor Apr 2012

Ten Years Of Gwot, The Failure Of Democratization And The Fallacy Of “Ungoverned Spaces”, David P. Oakley, Patrick Proctor

Journal of Strategic Security

October 7, 2011, marked a decade since the United States invaded Afghanistan and initiated the Global War on Terrorism (GWOT). While most ten-year anniversary gifts involve aluminum, tin, or diamonds, the greatest gift U.S. policymakers can present American citizens is a reconsideration of the logic that guides America's counterterrorism strategy. Although the United States has successfully averted large-scale domestic terrorist attacks, its inability to grasp the nature of the enemy has cost it dearly in wasted resources and, more importantly, lost lives. Two of the most consistent and glaring policy flaws revolve around the concepts of filling "ungoverned spaces" and …