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Articles 1 - 30 of 59
Full-Text Articles in Disability Law
The Outcomes Of Fully Adjudicated Impartial Hearings Under The Idea: A Nationally Representative Analysis With And Without New York, Perry A. Zirkel, Diane M. Holben
The Outcomes Of Fully Adjudicated Impartial Hearings Under The Idea: A Nationally Representative Analysis With And Without New York, Perry A. Zirkel, Diane M. Holben
Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary
The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) provides eligible students with the right to a free appropriate public education (FAPE) as specified in an individualized education program (IEP). An unusual feature of the IDEA is providing the parents of students with disabilities and their school districts with the right to a binding “impartial due process hearing” at the administrative level, subject to appeal. This mechanism for administrative adjudication has been the subject of continuing policy debate and occasional statutory refinements. One of the ongoing concerns in this policy consideration has been the win-loss rate of due process hearings (DPHs). Similarly, …
Impartial Hearings Under The Idea: Updated Legal Issues And Answers, Perry A. Zirkel
Impartial Hearings Under The Idea: Updated Legal Issues And Answers, Perry A. Zirkel
Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary
This updated question-and-answer document is specific to impartial hearing officers (IHOs) and the hearings that they conduct under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). The coverage does not extend to the alternate third-party dispute decisional mechanism under the IDEA, the complaint resolution process (CRP) except to the extent that this alternative mechanism intersects with IHO issues. Similarly, the scope only extends secondarily to the IHO’s remedial authority, which is the subject of separate comprehensive coverage. The sources are largely limited to the pertinent IDEA legislation and regulations, court decisions, and the U.S. Department of Education’s Office of Special Education’s …
State Laws For Due Process Hearings Under The Individuals With Disabilities Education Act Iv: Expedited Hearings, Andrew M.I. Lee, Perry A. Zirkel
State Laws For Due Process Hearings Under The Individuals With Disabilities Education Act Iv: Expedited Hearings, Andrew M.I. Lee, Perry A. Zirkel
Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary
This article is a follow-up to a triad of analyses of state law additions to the basic requirements of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) for due process hearings (DPHs). The former three articles covered the pre-hearing, hearing, and post-hearing stages of IDEA DPHs. The present article focuses on expedited DPHs, canvassing state law provisions specific to this more rapid, specialized proceeding in the IDEA. This article covers IDEA foundational requirements for expedited DPHs, and then summarizes and codes the state law provisions that supplement the federal template. Additionally, this article provides a discussion of federal preemption of state …
One-Shotters Or Have-Nots Should Come Out Ahead In The District Of Columbia’S Private Sector Workers’ Compensation System, But Do They?, Melissa Lin Jones
One-Shotters Or Have-Nots Should Come Out Ahead In The District Of Columbia’S Private Sector Workers’ Compensation System, But Do They?, Melissa Lin Jones
Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary
In recognition of the humanitarian purpose of the District of Columbia Workers’ Compensation Act of 1979, D.C. Code as amended, §32-1501 et seq. and the legislative policy favoring awards even in arguable cases, a claimant is entitled to a presumption of compensability (“Presumption”) when applying for workers’ compensation benefits. By establishing a causal connection between the injured worker’s disability and a work-related event, the Presumption enables a claimant to establish entitlement to benefits more easily; however, an analysis of decisions issued by the Compensation Review Board from 2005 – 2019 reveals the Presumption frequently is misapplied. Moreover, contrary to Marc …
Why Proving A Work-Related, Psychological Injury Claim Stresses You Out, Melissa Lin Jones
Why Proving A Work-Related, Psychological Injury Claim Stresses You Out, Melissa Lin Jones
Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary
In recognition of the humanitarian purpose of the District of Columbia Workers’ Compensation Act of 1979, D.C. Code as amended, §32-1501 et seq. and the legislative policy favoring awards even in arguable cases, a claimant is entitled to a presumption of compensability (“Presumption”) when applying for workers’ compensation benefits. By establishing a causal connection between the injured worker’s disability and a work-related event, the Presumption enables a claimant to establish entitlement to benefits more easily; however, misapplication of the Presumption makes it more difficult for claimants to prove work-related psychological injuries because they must satisfy additional requirements (including a credibility …
State Laws For Due Process Hearings Under The Individuals With Disabilities Education Act Iii: The Pre-Hearing Stage, Andrew M.I. Lee, Perry A. Zirkel
State Laws For Due Process Hearings Under The Individuals With Disabilities Education Act Iii: The Pre-Hearing Stage, Andrew M.I. Lee, Perry A. Zirkel
Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary
This article is the third in a triad of analyses of state law additions to the basic requirements of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) for due process hearings (DPHs). The first two articles of this series covered the hearing and post-hearing stages of IDEA DPHs. The purpose of this follow-up analysis is to supplement the earlier articles by canvassing state law provisions specific to the pre-hearing stage. After an introduction and overview of the literature, this article covers IDEA foundational requirements for DPHs, and then summarizes and codes the state law provisions that supplement the federal template. As …
Impartial Hearings Under The Idea: Legal Issues And Answers, Perry A. Zirkel
Impartial Hearings Under The Idea: Legal Issues And Answers, Perry A. Zirkel
Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary
No abstract provided.
State Laws For Due Process Hearings Under The Individuals With Disabilities Education Act, Perry A. Zirkel
State Laws For Due Process Hearings Under The Individuals With Disabilities Education Act, Perry A. Zirkel
Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary
No abstract provided.
The Remedial Authority Of Hearing And Review Officers Under The Individuals With Disabilities Education Act: The Latest Update, Perry A. Zirkel
The Remedial Authority Of Hearing And Review Officers Under The Individuals With Disabilities Education Act: The Latest Update, Perry A. Zirkel
Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary
No abstract provided.
Paternalism And The Rise Of The Disability State, David W. Engel, Jeffrey S. Wolfe
Paternalism And The Rise Of The Disability State, David W. Engel, Jeffrey S. Wolfe
Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary
No abstract provided.
The Rowley Enigma: How Much Weight Is Due To Idea State Administrative Proceedings In Federal Court?, Daniel W. Morton-Bentley
The Rowley Enigma: How Much Weight Is Due To Idea State Administrative Proceedings In Federal Court?, Daniel W. Morton-Bentley
Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary
In this article, I argue that the phrase "due weight" incorporates a deferential review standard equivalent to the clear error or substantial evidence standard, a conclusion reached by a minority of the circuit courts of appeal. I further argue that, consistent with Rowley, federal courts must afford due weight to administrative officers' substantive or educational conclusions, but no weight to their procedural or non-educational conclusions. Part II offers a general outline of the IDEA, giving special attention to its judicial review provisions. In Part III, I provide a general discussion of judicial review of administrative adjudication. Part IV is devoted …
The Third Dimension Of Fape Under The Idea: Iep Implementation, Perry A. Zirkel, Edward T. Bauer
The Third Dimension Of Fape Under The Idea: Iep Implementation, Perry A. Zirkel, Edward T. Bauer
Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary
This article provides a synthesis of the three approaches to IEP implementation cases. More specifically, Part I summarizes the materiality/benefit approach, which-like the two-step approach for procedural violations but on a more intertwined basis-requires both a substantial non-implementation and an insufficient benefit. Part II summarizes the materiality-alone approach, which requires only a substantial failure. Part III summarizes the per se approach, which results in a denial of FAPE for any failure to implement beyond one that is clearly de minimis. Finally, Part IV provides conclusions and recommendations for IHOs in light of the incomplete precedential pattern to date. The overall …
Save The Social Security Disability Trust Fund! And Reduce Ssi Exposure To The General Fund, Daniel F. Solomon
Save The Social Security Disability Trust Fund! And Reduce Ssi Exposure To The General Fund, Daniel F. Solomon
Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary
No abstract provided.
Adjudicasaurus Rex, Jeffrey S. Wolfe
Adjudicasaurus Rex, Jeffrey S. Wolfe
Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary
This article proposes a simple theme. While many issues plague the Social Security Disability Insurance and Supplemental Security Income programs, only reform of the hearings and appeals process can solve the decades-long (and growing) hearings backlog. Only then, can the remaining questions regarding the solvency of the DI trust fund be meaningfully addressed. As it now stands, the ongoing backlog of pending hearings and appeals feeds the twin plagues of rising costs and increasing delay. These are the very issues that drove the federal courts in the passage of the Civil Justice Reform Act of 1990 (CJRA). This article provides …
Of Mouseholes And Elephants: The Statute Oflimitations For Impartial Hearings Under Theindividuals With Disabilities Education Act, Perry A. Zirkel
Of Mouseholes And Elephants: The Statute Oflimitations For Impartial Hearings Under Theindividuals With Disabilities Education Act, Perry A. Zirkel
Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary
The purpose of this article, in light of the practical significance and the limited literature addressing the IDEA’s hearing level SOL, is to provide a current and concise overview of the case law addressing this specific issue. Part I provides the basic nature and purpose of SOL generally, and specifically how SOL applies to the IDEA’s impartial hearings. Parts II–IV addresses the elements of the SOL statutory provisions in terms of the triggering date, the exceptions, and the duration and effect of the SOL, including the importance of G.L. v. Ligonier Valley School District Authority. Part V provides practice pointers …
Has The Supreme Court’S Schaffer Decision Placed Aburden On Hearing Officer Decision-Making Under Theidea?, Cathy A. Skidmore, Perry A. Zirkel
Has The Supreme Court’S Schaffer Decision Placed Aburden On Hearing Officer Decision-Making Under Theidea?, Cathy A. Skidmore, Perry A. Zirkel
Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary
This article provides a systematic examination of the BOP in hearing officer decisions both before and after Schaffer. Part II examines the legal basis for the BOP both before and after the U.S. Supreme Court decision, resulting in the questions for this study. Part III explains the method used to collect and analyze the data, and Part IV presents the results that answer the specific research questions. Part V discusses those results and the implications of the findings for special education dispute resolution and provides recommendations for further study.
An Idea For Special Education: Why The Idea Should Have Primacy Over The Ada In Adjudicating Education Claims For Students With Disabilities, Angela Estrella-Lemus
An Idea For Special Education: Why The Idea Should Have Primacy Over The Ada In Adjudicating Education Claims For Students With Disabilities, Angela Estrella-Lemus
Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary
No abstract provided.
Are The Outcomes Of Hearing (And Review) Officer Decisions Different For Pro Se And Represented Parents?, Perry A. Zirkel
Are The Outcomes Of Hearing (And Review) Officer Decisions Different For Pro Se And Represented Parents?, Perry A. Zirkel
Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary
The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) provides states with the option of having one or two tiers of administrative adjudication prior to the judicial level of dispute resolution. Although the numbers of states that have only a hearing officer level and those that additionally have a second tier, i.e., review officer level, have fluctuated, the net direction and overall balance has been clearly in favor of a one-tier system. Although originally established as a relatively informal and expedited means of adjudication in comparison to the courts, these administrative levels have become increasingly legalized. Given the costs of legal representation …
Fixing Disability Courts, D. Randall Frye
Fixing Disability Courts, D. Randall Frye
Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary
No abstract provided.
California Year In Review: 2013 Special Education Alj Decisions, Ruth Colker
California Year In Review: 2013 Special Education Alj Decisions, Ruth Colker
Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary
This article reviews 74 special education cases decided by California ALJs between January 1, 2013 and December 11, 2013. The author concludes that the ALJs provided stingy relief even when students prevailed, there was often unsuccessful litigation on behalf of a student following the termination of a consent decree or court order, many of the cases reflected negative attitudes towards the mothers of the student, and school districts often preferred more restrictive placements than the parent/student. Not surprisingly, students faced very unfavorable outcomes when they were not represented by a lawyer.
“Appropriate” Decisions Under The Individuals With Disabilities Education Act, Perry A. Zirkel
“Appropriate” Decisions Under The Individuals With Disabilities Education Act, Perry A. Zirkel
Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary
No abstract provided.
Adjudicative Remedies For Denials Of Fape Under The Idea, Perry A. Zirkel
Adjudicative Remedies For Denials Of Fape Under The Idea, Perry A. Zirkel
Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary
No abstract provided.
Statement Of The Association Of Administrative Law Judges: Committee On Ways And Means, Subcommittee On Social Security, D. Randall Frye
Statement Of The Association Of Administrative Law Judges: Committee On Ways And Means, Subcommittee On Social Security, D. Randall Frye
Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary
No abstract provided.
Suspension Of Social Security Benefits To Incarcerated Felons, David Z. Nisnewitz
Suspension Of Social Security Benefits To Incarcerated Felons, David Z. Nisnewitz
Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary
No abstract provided.
The Disabled And Work: Some Problems Raised And Highlighted By The Americans With Disabilities Act Of 1990, Peter M. Panken
The Disabled And Work: Some Problems Raised And Highlighted By The Americans With Disabilities Act Of 1990, Peter M. Panken
Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary
No abstract provided.
Americans With Disabilities Act Of 1990, Robert B. Fitzpatrick
Americans With Disabilities Act Of 1990, Robert B. Fitzpatrick
Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary
No abstract provided.
Practical Tips For Employers For Compliance With The Ada , Patrick L. Clancy
Practical Tips For Employers For Compliance With The Ada , Patrick L. Clancy
Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary
No abstract provided.
The Evolution And Role Of The Administrative Law Judge At The Office Of Hearings And Appeals In The Social Security Administration, Charles N. Bono
The Evolution And Role Of The Administrative Law Judge At The Office Of Hearings And Appeals In The Social Security Administration, Charles N. Bono
Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary
No abstract provided.
Note: Flatford V. Chater: No Absolute Due Process Right To Subpoena A Physician Providing Post-Hearing Evidence At A Social Security Disability Hearing, James L. Hoyle
Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary
No abstract provided.
Note: Bush V. Shalala And Pratts V. Chater: Social Security Disability Ping Pong And Contrasting Approaches In The Second Circuit: The Central Role Of An Active Alj, Jorge J. Vera Jr.
Note: Bush V. Shalala And Pratts V. Chater: Social Security Disability Ping Pong And Contrasting Approaches In The Second Circuit: The Central Role Of An Active Alj, Jorge J. Vera Jr.
Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary
No abstract provided.