Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Institution
-
- Touro University Jacob D. Fuchsberg Law Center (11)
- University of Michigan Law School (4)
- Washington and Lee University School of Law (4)
- Cleveland State University (3)
- Maurer School of Law: Indiana University (2)
-
- University of Pennsylvania Carey Law School (2)
- University of Pittsburgh School of Law (2)
- Boston University School of Law (1)
- Brigham Young University (1)
- California Western School of Law (1)
- Columbia Law School (1)
- Georgetown University Law Center (1)
- Marquette University Law School (1)
- Mitchell Hamline School of Law (1)
- Notre Dame Law School (1)
- Roger Williams University (1)
- Saint Louis University School of Law (1)
- St. Mary's University (1)
- Suffolk University (1)
- Universitas Indonesia (1)
- University of Arkansas at Little Rock William H. Bowen School of Law (1)
- University of Arkansas, Fayetteville (1)
- University of Baltimore Law (1)
- University of Connecticut (1)
- University of Florida Levin College of Law (1)
- University of the District of Columbia School of Law (1)
- Publication
-
- All Faculty Scholarship (4)
- Faculty Scholarship (4)
- Journal of Race, Gender, and Ethnicity (4)
- Touro Law Review (4)
- Scholarly Works (3)
-
- Washington and Lee Journal of Civil Rights and Social Justice (3)
- Articles (2)
- Articles by Maurer Faculty (2)
- Cleveland State Law Review (2)
- Michigan Law Review (2)
- "Dharmasisya” Jurnal Program Magister Hukum FHUI (1)
- Brigham Young University Prelaw Review (1)
- Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works (1)
- Honors Scholar Theses (1)
- Journal Articles (1)
- Journal of Food Law & Policy (1)
- Journal of Law and Health (1)
- Law & Economics Working Papers (1)
- Marquette Law Review (1)
- Michigan Journal of Race and Law (1)
- Notre Dame Law Review (1)
- School of Law Conferences, Lectures & Events (1)
- Suffolk University Law School Faculty Works (1)
- The Scholar: St. Mary's Law Review on Race and Social Justice (1)
- UF Law Faculty Publications (1)
- University of Arkansas at Little Rock Law Review (1)
- Washington and Lee Law Review Online (1)
- Publication Type
Articles 1 - 30 of 47
Full-Text Articles in Law
Bostock Was Bogus: Textualism, Pluralism, And Title Vii, Mitchell N. Berman, Guha Krishnamurthi
Bostock Was Bogus: Textualism, Pluralism, And Title Vii, Mitchell N. Berman, Guha Krishnamurthi
Notre Dame Law Review
In Bostock v. Clayton County, one of the blockbuster cases from its 2019 Term, the Supreme Court held that federal antidiscrimination law prohibits employment discrimination on grounds of sexual orientation and gender identity. Unsurprisingly, the result won wide acclaim in the mainstream legal and popular media. Results aside, however, the reaction to Justice Neil Gorsuch’s majority opinion, which purported to ground the outcome in a textualist approach to statutory interpretation, was more mixed. The great majority of commentators, both liberal and conservative, praised Justice Gorsuch for what they deemed a careful and sophisticated—even “magnificent” and “exemplary”—application of textualist principles, …
Menstrual Dignity And The Bar Exam, Margaret E. Johnson, Marcy L. Karin, Elizabeth Cooper
Menstrual Dignity And The Bar Exam, Margaret E. Johnson, Marcy L. Karin, Elizabeth Cooper
All Faculty Scholarship
This Article examines the issue of menstruation and the administration of the bar exam. Although such problems are not new, over the summer and fall of 2020, test takers and commentators took to social media to critique state board of law examiners’ (“BOLE”) policies regarding menstruation. These problems persist. Menstruators worry that if they unexpectedly bleed during the exam, they may not have access to appropriately sized and constructed menstrual products or may be prohibited from accessing the bathroom. Personal products that are permitted often must be carried in a clear, plastic bag. Some express privacy concerns that the see-through …
Menstruation Discrimination And The Problem Of Shadow Precedents, Deborah Widiss
Menstruation Discrimination And The Problem Of Shadow Precedents, Deborah Widiss
Articles by Maurer Faculty
A burgeoning menstrual justice movement calls attention to menstruation-related discrimination in workplaces, schools, prisons, and many other aspects of life. In recent years, a few courts have suggested such discrimination could violate Title VII, the federal law that prohibits sex discrimination in employment. Their analysis focuses on the Pregnancy Discrimination Act (PDA), an amendment to Title VII passed to override a Supreme Court case that had held pregnancy discrimination was not sex discrimination.
This essay, written for a symposium at Columbia Law School, applies my earlier research on the statutory interpretation of Congressional overrides to highlight two potential challenges this …
Social Norms In Fourth Amendment Law, Matthew Tokson, Ari Ezra Waldman
Social Norms In Fourth Amendment Law, Matthew Tokson, Ari Ezra Waldman
Michigan Law Review
Courts often look to existing social norms to resolve difficult questions in Fourth Amendment law. In theory, these norms can provide an objective basis for courts’ constitutional decisions, grounding Fourth Amendment law in familiar societal attitudes and beliefs. In reality, however, social norms can shift rapidly, are constantly being contested, and frequently reflect outmoded and discriminatory concepts. This Article draws on contemporary sociological literatures on norms and technology to reveal how courts’ reliance on norms leads to several identifiable errors in Fourth Amendment jurisprudence.
Courts assessing social norms generally adopt what we call the closure principle, or the idea that …
Caste Discrimination And Federal Employment Law In The United States, Brian Elzweig
Caste Discrimination And Federal Employment Law In The United States, Brian Elzweig
University of Arkansas at Little Rock Law Review
No abstract provided.
Disestablishing "The Last Plantation": The Need For Accountability In The United States Department Of Agriculture, Seth L. Ellis
Disestablishing "The Last Plantation": The Need For Accountability In The United States Department Of Agriculture, Seth L. Ellis
Journal of Food Law & Policy
The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) was signed into law by President Abraham Lincoln in 1862. At the signing ceremony, President Lincoln declared the Department of Agriculture to be the "people's Department" because he said it governed an industry "in which [citizens felt] more directly concerned than in any other. .. ." Today, many American citizens do not share Abraham Lincoln's view of the USDA as being the "people's Department"; rather, they identify it as being "the last plantation" due to its long history of open discrimination against African-American farmers. While this discrimination has occurred throughout America's history, perhaps …
The Future Of The Americans With Disabilities Act: Website Accessibility Litigation After Covid-19, Randy Pavlicko
The Future Of The Americans With Disabilities Act: Website Accessibility Litigation After Covid-19, Randy Pavlicko
Cleveland State Law Review
The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) was enacted in 1990 to eliminate discrimination against individuals with disabilities. Over time, as society has become more reliant on the internet, the issue of whether the ADA’s scope extends beyond physical places to online technology has emerged. A circuit split developed on this issue, and courts have discussed three interpretations of the ADA’s scope: (1) the ADA applies to physical places only; (2) the ADA applies to a website or mobile app that has a sufficient nexus to a physical place; or (3) the ADA broadly applies beyond physical places to online technology. …
Reducing Prejudice Through Law: Evidence From Experimental Psychology, Roseanna Sommers, Sara Burke
Reducing Prejudice Through Law: Evidence From Experimental Psychology, Roseanna Sommers, Sara Burke
Law & Economics Working Papers
Can antidiscrimination law effect changes in public attitudes toward minority groups? Could learning, for instance, that employment discrimination against people with clinical depression is illegal cause members of the public to be more accepting toward people with mental health conditions? In this Article, we report the results of a series of experiments that test the effect of inducing the belief that discrimination against a given group is legal (vs. illegal) on interpersonal attitudes toward members of that group. We find that learning that discrimination is unlawful does not simply lead people to believe that an employer is more likely to …
Modernizing Discrimination Law: The Adoption Of An Intersectional Lens, Marisa K. Sanchez
Modernizing Discrimination Law: The Adoption Of An Intersectional Lens, Marisa K. Sanchez
The Scholar: St. Mary's Law Review on Race and Social Justice
Abstract forthcoming.
Discrimination Under A Description, Patrick S. Shin
Discrimination Under A Description, Patrick S. Shin
Suffolk University Law School Faculty Works
In debates about the permissibility of certain kinds of differential treatment, our judgments often seem to depend on how the conduct in question is described. For example, legal prohibitions on same-sex marriage seem clearly impermissible insofar as they can be described as a form of sex discrimination, less clearly so, at least under federal law, if described simply as sexual orientation discrimination, and arguably not discriminatory at all insofar as they constitute a universally-imposed disability on marrying within one’s own sex. It seems, in other words, that the prohibition of same-sex marriage constitutes legally impermissible discrimination under some descriptions but …
Explaining Reproductive Health Disparities: Violence In The “Colorblind” Institution Of Medicine, Chineze Osakwe
Explaining Reproductive Health Disparities: Violence In The “Colorblind” Institution Of Medicine, Chineze Osakwe
Honors Scholar Theses
Medical policies have resulted in violence that has a formal role in regulating the reproductive rights of women of African descent in the United States from the Jim Crow era (circa 1965) to present day (2021), resulting in significantly racialized reproductive health disparities regardless of social or economic influences. This thesis explores why reproductive violence against African-American women persists, regardless of women’s own class and educational background. I have focused on the potential impact of two structural components that I hypothesized contributed to the perpetuation of reproductive violence against Black women and persistent health disparities. The two factors explored in …
Unexpected Inequality: Disparate-Impact From Artificial Intelligence In Healthcare Decisions, Sahar Takshi
Unexpected Inequality: Disparate-Impact From Artificial Intelligence In Healthcare Decisions, Sahar Takshi
Journal of Law and Health
Systemic discrimination in healthcare plagues marginalized groups. Physicians incorrectly view people of color as having high pain tolerance, leading to undertreatment. Women with disabilities are often undiagnosed because their symptoms are dismissed. Low-income patients have less access to appropriate treatment. These patterns, and others, reflect long-standing disparities that have become engrained in U.S. health systems.
As the healthcare industry adopts artificial intelligence and algorithminformed (AI) tools, it is vital that regulators address healthcare discrimination. AI tools are increasingly used to make both clinical and administrative decisions by hospitals, physicians, and insurers—yet there is no framework that specifically places nondiscrimination obligations …
Employer Liability For Sex Harassment Through The Lens Of Restorative Justice, Emily Rees
Employer Liability For Sex Harassment Through The Lens Of Restorative Justice, Emily Rees
Cleveland State Law Review
Title VII cases alleging sex harassment have become almost completely deferential to employers who have anti-harassment policies. In this Note, I discuss legal and sociological influences on this development and propose using restorative justice focused mediation to avoid rendering Title VII entirely ineffective. Mediation should only be compelled as a remedy—after a court finds that harassment occurred, but that the plaintiff cannot prove her employer knew about the harassment. Instead of dismissing these cases—where judges have already found illegal discrimination—some corrective action should be imposed on the employer for its failure to maintain a harassment-free workplace. Focusing mediation on principles …
Domestic Violence Victims, A Nuisance To Society?: Moving Toward A More Equitable System In Protecting Vulnerable Women, Elizabeth Haderlie, Layla Shaaban
Domestic Violence Victims, A Nuisance To Society?: Moving Toward A More Equitable System In Protecting Vulnerable Women, Elizabeth Haderlie, Layla Shaaban
Brigham Young University Prelaw Review
Recent conversations about racial biases that exist towards the black community have required many of us to rethink systems and laws that unconsciously perpetuate racial discrimination. This article uses state, federal, and local lawsuits to argue the case against nuisance ordinances and the negative effects they can have on victims of domestic abuse, namely black women. We dive into the histories and statistics of domestic violence and nuisance ordinances. We provide evidence that indicates a correlation between domestic violence victim’s fear of reaching out for help, and nuisance ordinances being in place. Finally, we urge the federal government to amend …
Weathering The Pandemic: Dying Old At A Young Age From Pre-Existing Racist Conditions, Arline T. Geronimus
Weathering The Pandemic: Dying Old At A Young Age From Pre-Existing Racist Conditions, Arline T. Geronimus
Washington and Lee Journal of Civil Rights and Social Justice
Mainstream social epidemiology now acknowledges the contributions of interpersonal racism, racialized stress, and implicit bias to population health inequity. It also increasingly recognizes that current and historical racist policies place barriers in the way of healthy lifestyles by institutionalizing food deserts, housing decay, and austerity urbanism. Essential as these developments are, they only skim the surface of how insidiously structural racism establishes and reproduces population health inequity. I coined the term “weathering” to describe the effects of sustained cultural oppression upon the body. Weathering expands on the more conventional “social determinants of health” approach to understand the contextually fluctuating and …
Empathy’S Promise And Limits For Those Disproportionately Harmed By The Covid-19 Pandemic, Theresa Glennon
Empathy’S Promise And Limits For Those Disproportionately Harmed By The Covid-19 Pandemic, Theresa Glennon
Washington and Lee Journal of Civil Rights and Social Justice
Structural race, ethnicity, and class disparities in the United States concentrated and intensified the health, economic, and psychological impact of COVID-19 for certain populations. Those same structural disparities and the belief system that maintains them may also account for the weak policy response that left the United States with high rates of infection and death, economic devastation of individuals, families, and small businesses, and psychological distress. A more equal society with a stronger pre-pandemic safety net may have prevented or eased the disproportionate hardship and avoided the drama and cliffhanging. Or the shock of a pandemic and likelihood of extreme …
Persistent Inequalities, The Pandemic, And The Opportunity To Compete, Rachel F. Moran
Persistent Inequalities, The Pandemic, And The Opportunity To Compete, Rachel F. Moran
Washington and Lee Journal of Civil Rights and Social Justice
Even before the recent coronavirus pandemic, race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status played a powerful role in allocating opportunity—in the public schools and elsewhere. The pandemic has laid bare the dimensions of this inequality with a new and alarming clarity. In this essay, I first will focus on the landscape of educational inequity that existed before the coronavirus forced public schools to shut down. In particular, I will explore patterns of racial and ethnic segregation in America’s schools and how those patterns are linked to additional challenges based on socioeconomic isolation. In addition, I will consider the role of language and …
Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Pekerja Penyandang Disabilitas, Ametta Diksa Wiraputra
Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Pekerja Penyandang Disabilitas, Ametta Diksa Wiraputra
"Dharmasisya” Jurnal Program Magister Hukum FHUI
A person with a disability is someone who has physical, intellectual, mental and / or sensory limitations for a long time. This research examines and answers problems regarding the protection of workers with disabilities in Indonesia who are currently vulnerable and still experiencing discrimination. Persons with disabilities certainly have the right to get a decent living by working and entrepreneurship as mandated in the 1945 Constitution. The type of research used in this research is descriptive analytical with secondary data types which are then analyzed by qualitative analysis with data obtained from the results of observations and interviews. The results …
2nd Annual Women In Law Leadership Lecture: A Fireside Chat With Debra Katz, Esq. 03-03-2021, Roger Williams University School Of Law
2nd Annual Women In Law Leadership Lecture: A Fireside Chat With Debra Katz, Esq. 03-03-2021, Roger Williams University School Of Law
School of Law Conferences, Lectures & Events
No abstract provided.
The Lost Promise Of Disability Rights, Claire Raj
The Lost Promise Of Disability Rights, Claire Raj
Michigan Law Review
Children with disabilities are among the most vulnerable students in public schools. They are the most likely to be bullied, harassed, restrained, or segregated. For these and other reasons, they also have the poorest academic outcomes. Overcoming these challenges requires full use of the laws enacted to protect these students’ affirmative right to equal access and an environment free from discrimination. Yet, courts routinely deny their access to two such laws—the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (section 504).
Courts too often overlook the affirmative obligations contained in these two disability rights …
Rationing In The Time Of Covid And The Perils Of Anti-Subordination Rhetoric, Mark Kelman
Rationing In The Time Of Covid And The Perils Of Anti-Subordination Rhetoric, Mark Kelman
Washington and Lee Law Review Online
With surges in COVID-19 cases threatening to overload some hospital facilities, we must face the possibility that therapeutic treatments will need to be rationed, at least in some places. I do not propose any particular ideal rationing scheme but caution strongly against adopting a position that Professor Bagenstos advocated this past spring, rejecting rationing on the basis of patient life expectancy simply because life expectancy based rationing might threaten the factual interests of those with disabilities and might conceivably be implemented by those making judgments that were not simply inaccurate but grounded in biased, unacceptably discriminatory intuitions that some decision …
Challenges In Bringing Gender Equity Into The Workplace: Addressing Common Concerns Women Have When Deciding To Hold Employers Accountable For Gender Discrimination, Siobhan Klassen
Journal of Race, Gender, and Ethnicity
No abstract provided.
Hair Goes Nothing: Proposing The Uniform Enactment Of The Crown Act Across The United States, Alexandra Halbert
Hair Goes Nothing: Proposing The Uniform Enactment Of The Crown Act Across The United States, Alexandra Halbert
Journal of Race, Gender, and Ethnicity
No abstract provided.
Rbg And Gender Discrimination, Eileen Kaufman
Veiling And Inverted Masking, Saleema Saleema Snow
Veiling And Inverted Masking, Saleema Saleema Snow
Journal Articles
“Good morning, Your Honor, AA, here on behalf of the United States government.”1 AA recounted her proudest moment: appearing in federal district court as an attorney for the Department of Justice (DOJ) in a religious accommodation case under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.2 There she stood, an Ivy League graduate and the granddaughter of sharecroppers. She appeared before the court as an African-American Muslim woman in hijab representing the government to uphold the constitutional rights of another Muslim woman.3 The complainant, Safoorah Khan, was employed as a teacher in a small Illinois school district and had …
Going Beyond Rule 8.4(G): A Shift To Active And Conscious Efforts To Dismantle Bias, Meredith R. Miller
Going Beyond Rule 8.4(G): A Shift To Active And Conscious Efforts To Dismantle Bias, Meredith R. Miller
Journal of Race, Gender, and Ethnicity
No abstract provided.
The Evolution Of Gender Equity From A Marxist And Existentialist Perspective, Alexandria Lopez
The Evolution Of Gender Equity From A Marxist And Existentialist Perspective, Alexandria Lopez
Journal of Race, Gender, and Ethnicity
No abstract provided.
Rbg And Gender Discrimination, Eileen Kaufman
Wearing My Crown To Work: The Crown Act As A Solution To Shortcomings Of Title Vii For Hair Discrimination In The Workplace, Margaret Goodman
Wearing My Crown To Work: The Crown Act As A Solution To Shortcomings Of Title Vii For Hair Discrimination In The Workplace, Margaret Goodman
Touro Law Review
No abstract provided.
Seeking Economic Justice In The Face Of Enduring Racism, Deseriee A. Kennedy
Seeking Economic Justice In The Face Of Enduring Racism, Deseriee A. Kennedy
Scholarly Works
No abstract provided.