Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
-
- Constitutional Law (13)
- State and Local Government Law (5)
- Health Law and Policy (4)
- Supreme Court of the United States (4)
- Courts (3)
-
- Environmental Law (3)
- Legislation (3)
- Administrative Law (2)
- Antitrust and Trade Regulation (2)
- Election Law (2)
- Law and Politics (2)
- Law and Society (2)
- Privacy Law (2)
- Second Amendment (2)
- Civil Procedure (1)
- Civil Rights and Discrimination (1)
- Criminal Law (1)
- Education Law (1)
- Energy and Utilities Law (1)
- Estates and Trusts (1)
- Food and Drug Law (1)
- Fourteenth Amendment (1)
- Judges (1)
- Jurisdiction (1)
- Jurisprudence (1)
- Law and Gender (1)
- Litigation (1)
- Medical Jurisprudence (1)
- Natural Resources Law (1)
- Institution
-
- University of Georgia School of Law (5)
- Pepperdine University (3)
- University of New Mexico (3)
- Washington and Lee University School of Law (3)
- Boston University School of Law (2)
-
- Pace University (2)
- Brigham Young University (1)
- George Washington University Law School (1)
- Liberty University (1)
- Loyola University Chicago, School of Law (1)
- SJ Quinney College of Law, University of Utah (1)
- St. Mary's University (1)
- The University of Akron (1)
- University at Buffalo School of Law (1)
- University of Florida Levin College of Law (1)
- University of Michigan Law School (1)
- University of Pennsylvania Carey Law School (1)
- University of Pittsburgh School of Law (1)
- Publication
-
- Faculty Scholarship (5)
- Scholarly Works (3)
- Georgia Law Review (2)
- Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary (2)
- All Faculty Scholarship (1)
-
- Articles (1)
- Brigham Young University Prelaw Review (1)
- ConLawNOW (1)
- Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications (1)
- Faculty Publications & Other Works (1)
- GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works (1)
- Helm's School of Government Conference - American Revival: Citizenship & Virtue (1)
- Journal Articles (1)
- Michigan Law Review (1)
- Pace Environmental Law Review (1)
- Pepperdine Law Review (1)
- Scholarly Articles (1)
- St. Mary's Law Journal (1)
- UF Law Faculty Publications (1)
- Utah Law Review (1)
- Washington and Lee Law Review (1)
- Washington and Lee Law Review Online (1)
- Publication Type
Articles 1 - 30 of 30
Full-Text Articles in Law
Federal Common Law, Climate Torts, And Preclusion, Tom Boss
Federal Common Law, Climate Torts, And Preclusion, Tom Boss
Washington and Lee Law Review Online
Municipalities have been trying for decades to hold energy companies accountable for their role in the climate change crisis. In an effort to prevent suits, these companies are pushing the novel legal theory that federal common law provides a basis for jurisdiction in federal court over these claims. Once in federal court, the defendants argue that the very federal common law that served as the basis for removal has been displaced by the Clean Air and Clean Water Acts. This would then justify dismissal of the entire case for failure to state a claim. Luckily for the plaintiffs, nearly all …
Reading Between The Lines Of The Ira + Iija Power Gaps, Steven Ferrey
Reading Between The Lines Of The Ira + Iija Power Gaps, Steven Ferrey
Pace Environmental Law Review
Two major pieces of legislation enacted during the Biden Administration – the 2021 Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (IIJA) and the 2022 Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) – devote hundreds of billions of dollars over the next decade to rapidly increase electrification throughout the United States. While this legislation provides substantial investment in infrastructure, it also demands action from different legal regulators. Renewable energy occupies a much larger land footprint than traditional electric power production. And land-use under the Tenth Amendment is within local and state, rather than federal, jurisdiction. To date, U.S. local land use regulation frustrates such national legislation. …
Co-Managers? The Need For Clarification Regarding State And Federal Powers In Federal Elections, Amber Mccomas
Co-Managers? The Need For Clarification Regarding State And Federal Powers In Federal Elections, Amber Mccomas
Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary
This article argues that the Court needs to clarify the distinction between the state and federal government’s roles in federal elections to avoid chaos and unconstitutional overreach. As a part of this clarification, the Court should also clarify how information is deemed “necessary.” This article looks specifically at one potential consideration: public fears regarding election security. Data and logic indicate that such fears should not be a consideration in the necessity determination as they are unreliable. Section II examines the background of the Election Assistance Commission, the applicable law, as well as criticism and support the agency has received since …
The New Comity Abstention, John Harland Giammatteo
The New Comity Abstention, John Harland Giammatteo
Journal Articles
In the past ten years, lower federal courts have quietly but regularly abstained from hearing federal claims challenging state court procedures, citing concerns of comity and federalism. Federal courts have dismissed a broad range of substantive challenges tasked to them by Congress, including under the Americans with Disabilities Act, the Indian Child Welfare Act, and various constitutional provisions, involving state court eviction proceedings, foster care determinations, bail and criminal justice policies, COVID-era safety practices, and other instances where state courts determine state policy.
This paper is the first to argue that these decisions constitute a new abstention doctrine, unmoored from …
Silent Sentences: The Procedural Tragedy Of The Bureau Of Prisons' Sentence Computation Policy, Max Abramson
Silent Sentences: The Procedural Tragedy Of The Bureau Of Prisons' Sentence Computation Policy, Max Abramson
Georgia Law Review
The Bureau of Prisons has systematically lengthened sentences—at times doubling them—for prisoners subject to federal and state sentences for the same conduct. This phenomenon does not stem from any expressed intent on the part of federal or state judges, defense attorneys, the prosecution, or a plea deal. Instead, it arises through silence at a prisoner’s federal sentencing on a key issue: whether the federal sentence is consecutive to or concurrent with a yet-to-beimposed state sentence.
For those facing both a federal sentence and a yet-to-beimposed state sentence for the same conduct, perhaps no other aspect of sentencing has a greater …
Continuous Reproductive Surveillance, Michael Ulrich, Leah R. Fowler
Continuous Reproductive Surveillance, Michael Ulrich, Leah R. Fowler
Faculty Scholarship
The Dobbs opinion emphasizes that the state’s interest in the fetus extends to “all stages of development.” This essay briefly explores whether state legislators, agencies, and courts could use the “all stages of development” language to expand reproductive surveillance by using novel developments in consumer health technologies to augment those efforts.
Constitutional Confidentiality, Natalie Ram, Jorge L. Contreras, Laura M. Beskow, Leslie E. Wolf
Constitutional Confidentiality, Natalie Ram, Jorge L. Contreras, Laura M. Beskow, Leslie E. Wolf
Washington and Lee Law Review
Federal Certificates of Confidentiality (“Certificates”) protect sensitive information about human research subjects from disclosure and use in judicial, administrative, and legislative proceedings at both the state and federal levels. When they were first authorized by Congress in the 1970s, Certificates covered sensitive information collected in research about drug addiction use. Today, however, they extend to virtually all personal information gathered by biomedical research studies. The broad reach of Certificates, coupled with their power to override state subpoenas and warrants issued in the context of law enforcement, abortion regulation, and other police powers typically under state control, beg the question whether …
Revisiting The “Tradition Of Local Control” In Public Education, Carter Brace
Revisiting The “Tradition Of Local Control” In Public Education, Carter Brace
Michigan Law Review
In Milliken v. Bradley, the Supreme Court declared “local control” the single most important tradition of public education. Milliken and other related cases developed this notion of a tradition, which has frustrated attempts to achieve equitable school funding and desegregation through federal courts. However, despite its significant impact on American education, most scholars have treated the “tradition of local control” as doctrinally insignificant. These scholars depict the tradition either as a policy preference with no formal legal meaning or as one principle among many that courts may use to determine equitable remedies. This Note argues that the Supreme Court …
Cryptocurrency: Regulate Or Facilitate? How States' Approaches To Cryptocurrency Can Be Applied On A Federal Level, Kelly Mahoney
Cryptocurrency: Regulate Or Facilitate? How States' Approaches To Cryptocurrency Can Be Applied On A Federal Level, Kelly Mahoney
Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary
Within the past two years, the cryptocurrency market exceeded a record $2 trillion. As of November 2021, there are seventy-five million Bitcoin (a type of cryptocurrency) users and counting. Many states have implemented regulations and policies in response to this massive growth of the crypto market. While some states like Wyoming and Texas welcome cryptocurrency other states, such as New York and Washington, are more apprehensive and seek to constrain cryptocurrency due to its volatility and novelty. In contrast, federal agencies are still debating on how to address cryptocurrency, and glimpses of federal regulation can be seen through the 2021 …
Preference-Based Federalism, Marquan Robertson
Preference-Based Federalism, Marquan Robertson
St. Mary's Law Journal
No abstract provided.
Interposition: A State-Based Constitutional Tool That Might Help Preserve American Democracy, Christian G. Fritz
Interposition: A State-Based Constitutional Tool That Might Help Preserve American Democracy, Christian G. Fritz
Faculty Scholarship
Interposition was not a claim that state sovereignty could or should displace national authority, but a claim that American federalism needed to preserve some balance between state and national authority.
http://commonplace.online/article/interposition/
Limitation For Liberty, Riley Banker
Limitation For Liberty, Riley Banker
Helm's School of Government Conference - American Revival: Citizenship & Virtue
This paper examines how the foundational principals of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness are under attack in our nation today and demonstrates why protecting them through Federalism is so important.
Monitoring American Federalism: The Overlooked Tool Of Sounding The Alarm Interposition, Christian G. Fritz
Monitoring American Federalism: The Overlooked Tool Of Sounding The Alarm Interposition, Christian G. Fritz
Faculty Scholarship
One key feature of the U.S. Constitution – the concept of federalism – was unclear when it was introduced, and that lack of clarity threatened the Constitution’s ratification by those who feared the new government would undermine state sovereignty. Proponents of the new governmental framework were questioned about the underlying theory of the Constitution as well as how it would operate in practice, and their explanations produced intense and extended debate over how to monitor federalism.
Is History Repeating Itself? The Role Of The Supreme Court In Protecting Minority Rights, Alyssa Fox, Annabelle Crawford
Is History Repeating Itself? The Role Of The Supreme Court In Protecting Minority Rights, Alyssa Fox, Annabelle Crawford
Brigham Young University Prelaw Review
Throughout history, the role of the Supreme Court has been debated. Some individuals argue for strict interpretation of the Constitution, while others argue that the ideals of the Constitution should be prioritized. Landmark cases decided by the Supreme Court demonstrate the shift between the protection of state sovereignty and minority rights. This article argues that the Supreme Court is responsible to intervene on behalf of minority and historically-disadvantaged groups when their rights are threatened or infringed upon by state and federal governments.
Abortion Rights And Federalism: Some Lessons From The Nineteenth Century United States, Kate Masur
Abortion Rights And Federalism: Some Lessons From The Nineteenth Century United States, Kate Masur
ConLawNOW
The Dobbs decision, which gives states complete control over abortion laws, has unleashed conflicts that resemble the battles that arose when enslaved people fled slave states for free states, and enslavers, in turn, mobilized state and federal power to get them back. The Supreme Court’s decision in Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization has prompted frequent allusions to slavery and the antebellum United States. The history of those struggles reminds us of the corrosive impact of interstate conflict and of the importance of federal protections for freedom and individual rights. The history of the United States in the nineteenth century …
Bibb Balancing: Regulatory Mismatches Under The Dormant Commerce Clause, Michael S. Knoll
Bibb Balancing: Regulatory Mismatches Under The Dormant Commerce Clause, Michael S. Knoll
All Faculty Scholarship
Courts and commentators have long understood dormant Commerce Clause doctrine to contain two types of cases: discrimination and undue burdens. This Article argues for a more nuanced understanding that divides undue burdens into single-state burdens—which arise from the application of a single state’s law alone—and mismatch burdens, which arise from legal diversity. Although the Supreme Court purports to apply Pike balancing in all undue-burden cases, we show that the Court’s approach in mismatch cases differs substantially. Specifically, unlike in single-state cases, balancing in mismatch cases involves an implicit and potentially problematic comparison by the Court between the challenged state’s regulation …
Faithful Execution In The Fifty States, Zachary S. Price
Faithful Execution In The Fifty States, Zachary S. Price
Georgia Law Review
Amid heightened political conflict over criminal-justice policy, norms surrounding prosecutorial discretion have shifted rapidly. Under the prior mainstream approach, prosecutors exercised broad charging discretion, but generally did so tacitly and in case-by-case fashion out of deference to statutory law’s primacy. Under an emerging alternative approach, associated for the moment with progressive politics, prosecutors categorically and transparently suspend enforcement of laws they consider unjust or unwise. The federal government under President Obama employed this theory in high-profile policies relating to marijuana crimes, as well as immigration and the Affordable Care Act. More recently, a number of self-described “progressive prosecutors” have employed …
Free Market State (Of Mind): Antitrust Federalism, John J. Flynn And The Utah Constitution’S Free Market Clause, Jorge L. Contreras
Free Market State (Of Mind): Antitrust Federalism, John J. Flynn And The Utah Constitution’S Free Market Clause, Jorge L. Contreras
Utah Law Review
The Utah Constitution states that “[i]t is the policy of the state of Utah that a free market system shall govern trade and commerce in this state to promote the dispersion of economic and political power and the general welfare of all the people.” Utah’s so-called Free Market Clause, adopted in 1992, is unique among the constitutions of the fifty states. Through an excavation of the historical record and contemporary literature, this Article shows that the Free Market Clause owes its existence to the influence of Professor John J. Flynn of the University of Utah, whose pioneering work on antitrust …
Second Amendment Sanctuaries: Defiance, Discretion, And Race, Nicholas J. Johnson
Second Amendment Sanctuaries: Defiance, Discretion, And Race, Nicholas J. Johnson
Pepperdine Law Review
Second Amendment Sanctuaries deploy nonenforcement policies and strategies in defiance of firearms laws of superior jurisdictions. The scholarship so far has focused on whether Second Amendment Sanctuary policies are legally enforceable. This Article advances the scholarship beyond questions of de jure validity by examining the potential for practical, de facto efficacy of Second Amendment Sanctuary policies. This Article concludes that even where Second Amendment Sanctuaries have weak claims to formal validity, defiant public officials still have broad opportunities to implement Second Amendment Sanctuary policies through the exercise of enforcement discretion. The conclusion that enforcement discretion can effectuate sanctuary policies is …
Lessons Of The Plague Years, Barry Sullivan
Lessons Of The Plague Years, Barry Sullivan
Faculty Publications & Other Works
The COVID-19 pandemic has challenged governments of every description across the globe, and it surely would have tested the mettle of any American administration. But the pandemic appeared in the United States at a particularly inopportune time. January 2020 marked the beginning of a presidential election year in a deeply polarized country. President Donald Trump was a controversial figure, beginning the fourth year of a highly idiosyncratic administration. He was both a candidate for re-election and the subject of an ongoing impeachment proceeding. In these circumstances, the pandemic quickly became politicized. President Trump's response to the COVID-19 pandemic has often …
The False Promise Of Jurisdiction Stripping, Daniel Epps, Alan M. Trammell
The False Promise Of Jurisdiction Stripping, Daniel Epps, Alan M. Trammell
Scholarly Articles
Jurisdiction stripping is seen as a nuclear option. Its logic is simple: By depriving federal courts of jurisdiction over some set of cases, Congress ensures those courts cannot render bad decisions. To its proponents, it offers the ultimate check on unelected and unaccountable judges. To its critics, it poses a grave threat to the separation of powers. Both sides agree, though, that jurisdiction stripping is a powerful weapon. On this understanding, politicians, activists, and scholars throughout American history have proposed jurisdiction-stripping measures as a way for Congress to reclaim policymaking authority from the courts.
The conventional understanding is wrong. Whatever …
Biden V. Nebraska: The New State Standing And The (Old) Purposive Major Questions Doctrine, Jed Handelsman Shugerman
Biden V. Nebraska: The New State Standing And The (Old) Purposive Major Questions Doctrine, Jed Handelsman Shugerman
Faculty Scholarship
Chief Justice Roberts’s majority opinion in Biden v. Nebraska does not sufficiently explain how Missouri has standing under established Article III doctrine, nor how the Court approaches the major questions doctrine as a method of statutory interpretation. Clarification can come from other opinions, even other cases entirely, in which Justice’s counterarguments are suggestive of the real arguments underlying the decisions.
MOHELA may have faced a concrete injury from the student debt waiver, but there was no evidence that Missouri would – and the majority had no answer for how Missouri had standing without an injury. A debate over special state …
State Sequestration: Federal Policy Accelerates Carbon Storage, But Leaves Full Climate, Equity Protections To States, Gabriel Pacyniak
State Sequestration: Federal Policy Accelerates Carbon Storage, But Leaves Full Climate, Equity Protections To States, Gabriel Pacyniak
Faculty Scholarship
Abstract
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change—the UN’s expert science panel—has repeatedly found that limiting climate change to prevent catastrophic harms will require at least some use of carbon capture and sequestration (CCS), and may entail substantial deployments of this technology. There is significant uncertainty, however, about the level of lifecycle greenhouse gas (GHG) reductions achievable in practice from varying CCS applications; some applications could even lead to net increases in emissions. In addition, a number of these applications create or maintain other harms, especially those related to fossil fuel extraction and use. For these reasons, many environmental justice advocates …
National Federation Of Independent Business V. Sebelius, 567 U.S. 519 (2012), Elizabeth Weeks, Mary Ann Chirba, Alice A. Noble
National Federation Of Independent Business V. Sebelius, 567 U.S. 519 (2012), Elizabeth Weeks, Mary Ann Chirba, Alice A. Noble
Scholarly Works
In National Federation of Independent Business v. Sebelius, decided in 2012, twenty-six states as well as private individuals and an organization of independent businesses challenged the constitutionality of two key components of the Affordable Care Act. The Court upheld the individual mandate but converted the Medicaid eligibility expansion from mandatory to optional for states. Elizabeth Weeks’ feminist rewrite breaks down the public law-private law distinction to get beyond the traditional view of health insurance as a commercial product providing individual financial protection against risk and instead to view it as effecting a risk pool premised on cross-subsidization of the health-care …
On Fires, Floods, And Federalism, Andrew Hammond
On Fires, Floods, And Federalism, Andrew Hammond
UF Law Faculty Publications
In the United States, law condemns poor people to their fates in states. Where Americans live continues to dictate whether they can access cash, food, and medical assistance. What’s more, immigrants, territorial residents, and tribal members encounter deteriorated corners of the American welfare state. Nonetheless, despite repeated retrenchment efforts, this patchwork of programs has proven remarkably resilient. Yet, the ability of the United States to meet its people’s most basic needs now faces an unprecedented challenge: climate change. As extreme weather events like wildfires and hurricanes become more frequent and more intense, these climate-fueled disasters will displace and impoverish more …
Against A Uniform Law On The Income Taxation Of Trusts, Michelle S. Simon
Against A Uniform Law On The Income Taxation Of Trusts, Michelle S. Simon
Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications
In many areas, uniformity of state law is both practical and desirable. The Uniform Commercial Code, for example, brought harmony to conflicting state laws regarding the sale of goods and secured transactions, smoothing the way for interstate commerce. The law of trusts and estates is another area to which the Uniform Law Commissioners have recently turned their attention. Given the multitude of conflicts in state law regarding intestacy, fiduciary powers, and remote notarization, greater consistency between the states would be welcome. One area that should be off-limits to uniform lawmaking is the state income taxation of trusts. Despite complex and …
Congressional Testimony: Shareholder Proposals, Index Fund Voting And The Need For Proxy Advisor Reform, Lawrence A. Cunningham
Congressional Testimony: Shareholder Proposals, Index Fund Voting And The Need For Proxy Advisor Reform, Lawrence A. Cunningham
GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works
This Congressional testimony, requested by the House Financial Services Committee, reviews the history and current state of the federal shareholder proposal rule and how it has been seized by special interests to push agendas at odds with shareholder interests; ponders the conundrum that passive investment funds deign to actively vote shares without either knowledge or authority; and laments how proxy advisors, intended to support such passive funds, make matters worse through a lack of both accountability and incentives to promote accuracy rather than expediency. Congress should restore the legitimacy of the shareholder proposal process, revisit and/or eliminate voting by index …
The New Laboratories Of Democracy, Gerald S. Dickinson
The New Laboratories Of Democracy, Gerald S. Dickinson
Articles
Nearly a century ago, Justice Louis D. Brandeis’s dissent in New State Ice Co. v. Liebman coined one of the most profound statements in American law: “It is one of the happy incidents of the federal system that a single courageous state may, if its citizens choose, serve as a laboratory; and try novel social and economic experiments without risk to the rest of the country.” Justice Brandeis reminded us of our strong tradition of federalism, where the states, exercising their sovereign power, may choose to experiment with new legislation within their separate jurisdictions without the concern that such …
The Contours Of Gun Industry Immunity: Separation Of Powers, Federalism, And The Second Amendment, Hillel Y. Levin, Timothy D. Lytton
The Contours Of Gun Industry Immunity: Separation Of Powers, Federalism, And The Second Amendment, Hillel Y. Levin, Timothy D. Lytton
Scholarly Works
In 2005, Congress passed the Protection of Lawful Commerce in Arms Act (PLCAA), granting the firearms industry sweeping immunity from civil lawsuits. However, PLCAA immunity is not absolute. This Article demonstrates that both state and federal courts have fundamentally misread PLCAA when adjudicating cases involving the scope of gun industry immunity. Properly understood, PLCAA permits lawsuits against the gun industry so long as they are based on statutory causes of action rather than common law. While broadly preempting state common law claims, PLCAA affords state legislatures autonomy in deciding how to regulate the gun industry within their borders.
Additionally, this …
Come As You Are?: Democratizing Healthcare Through Black Church - Telehealth Initiatives, Meighan Parker
Come As You Are?: Democratizing Healthcare Through Black Church - Telehealth Initiatives, Meighan Parker
Scholarly Works
Drawing from the phrase “come as you are,” which is frequently used in Black Churches to encourage and welcome people to church spaces for spiritual restoration and healing irrespective of their various social and economic dispositions, this Article aims to describe how telehealth partnerships with community organizations, such as Black Churches, can help democratize healthcare.
In this project, I develop two models for Black Church-Telehealth Initiatives—a Telehealth Clinic on the Church’s campus and a Designated Telehealth Space with the requisite technology to facilitate telehealth encounters—to argue that Black Church-Telehealth Initiatives can help address certain social determinants of health, such as …