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Articles 1 - 30 of 212
Full-Text Articles in Law
Labor Law-Compulsory Arbitration Of Labor Disputes, James A. Sprunk S.Ed.
Labor Law-Compulsory Arbitration Of Labor Disputes, James A. Sprunk S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
In 1947, seven states adopted legislation for compulsory arbitration of labor disputes in public utilities. Four more provide for seizure of such industries in cases of strikes or lockouts, and one prohibits picketing or interference with the service of a public utility. In addition, procedures for conciliation, mediation, or voluntary arbitration with suspension of the right to strike or lockout during such procedures, are provided by still others. Such legislative activity reflects the growing public concern regarding labor disputes and indicates that many state legislators are convinced that to secure industrial peace more is required than the mere imposition of …
New Trial - Use Of Testimony Of Jurors To Set Aside Verdict, R. J. Nordstrom S.Ed.
New Trial - Use Of Testimony Of Jurors To Set Aside Verdict, R. J. Nordstrom S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
Whether or not testimony of a juror is admissible for the purpose of setting aside a verdict is a question upon which the cases are in conflict. Much of the contrariety of opinion is due to a failure of courts to distinguish between the two basic factual situations which present the problem. The juror's testimony may be sought to be introduced to show either: (1) that, due to some misunderstanding, his own thought processes were misdirected in arriving at his final vote; or, (2) that he observed the open misconduct of a fellow juror. At the outset it should be …
Corporations-Appraisal Statutes-Time Within Which Demand For Appraisal Must Be Made, Myron J. Nadler S.Ed.
Corporations-Appraisal Statutes-Time Within Which Demand For Appraisal Must Be Made, Myron J. Nadler S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
A resolution to merge the corporation in which plaintiff held shares with defendant corporation was adopted by the shareholders over plaintiff's objection. Eight days later, plaintiff made written demand on defendant corporation for payment of the fair value of his shares. The statute required that such demand be made upon the surviving corporation "within twenty days after the merger . . . was effected," and provided that a merger became effective upon issuance of a certificate of merger by the Department of State. The articles of merger were not promptly filed and the certificate of merger did not issue until …
Taxation-Liens-Nature Of Federal Estate Tax Lien, David D. Ring
Taxation-Liens-Nature Of Federal Estate Tax Lien, David D. Ring
Michigan Law Review
At the time of his death, decedent owned certain land in fee simple. His executrix, authorized by an order of the probate court, sold the land to herself as an individual. Subsequently, the United States began condemnation proceedings against the land, paying an award into court. Before distribution of this award was ordered, the executrix in her individual capacity and as ostensible owner was permitted in accordance with statute to withdraw a part of this award. The withdrawal was made without prejudice to her right to the remainder if it proved more than sufficient to satisfy the claims of other …
Joughin And Morgan: The Legacy Of Sacco And Vanzetti, Michigan Law Review
Joughin And Morgan: The Legacy Of Sacco And Vanzetti, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
A Review of THE LEGACY OF SACCO AND VANZETTI. By G. Louis Joughin and Edmund M. Morgan.
Freedom Of Silence: Constitutional Protection Against Governmental Intrusions In Political Affairs, Charles B. Nutting
Freedom Of Silence: Constitutional Protection Against Governmental Intrusions In Political Affairs, Charles B. Nutting
Michigan Law Review
Paradoxically enough, the "right" to be silent has been vociferously asserted by some of our most loquacious citizens. The current activities of Congressional investigating committees and the possible enactment of laws regulating participation in certain political affairs make timely a consideration of the basis for the assertion of the "right" and an attempt to determine the extent to which it may be said truly to be protected against intrusions by the state or national governments. It is proposed first to consider the question of secrecy in connection with the elective process itself and later to extend the inquiry into problems …
Federal Courts-Appeals-Federal Rule 54(B) And The Final Judgment Rule, W. Stirling Maxwell S.Ed.
Federal Courts-Appeals-Federal Rule 54(B) And The Final Judgment Rule, W. Stirling Maxwell S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
The Judicial Code provides that "the circuit courts of appeal shall have appellate jurisdiction to review by appeal final decisions . . . in the district courts, in all cases save where a direct review may be had to the Supreme Court . . . . " But what is a final ( that is, appealable) decision? The final judgment rule, originated by the English common law courts and embodied in the Federal Judiciary Act of 1789, was stated by Justice Brandeis in Collins v. Miller to require "that the judgment to be appealable should be final not only as …
Bailments-Delivery Of Possession-Liability Of Shopkeeper For Loss Of Article Left In Reception Room, Myron J. Nadler
Bailments-Delivery Of Possession-Liability Of Shopkeeper For Loss Of Article Left In Reception Room, Myron J. Nadler
Michigan Law Review
Without the knowledge of defendants, plaintiff hung her coat on a hook provided for wraps in the unattended reception room of defendants' beauty shop. Upon leaving, plaintiff returned to the reception room but was unable to find her coat. Judgment for its value was recovered in the lower court upon the theory that defendants were bailees of the coat and had been negligent in caring for it. Held, reversed. No bailment existed because there was no change of possession of the coat sufficient to constitute a delivery. Theobald v. Satterthwaite, (Wash.1948) 190P. (2d) 714.
Contracts--Mutual Assent--Effect Of Insanity, Earl R. Boonstra
Contracts--Mutual Assent--Effect Of Insanity, Earl R. Boonstra
Michigan Law Review
Defendant listed a hotel with plaintiff, a broker, who procured a purchaser. Defendant refused to sell and pleaded insanity in defense to an action for a commission. The jury was charged to hold for defendant if it found defendant mentally incapable of entering into the contract. On appeal from a judgment for defendant, held, the instruction was erroneous. The unadjudicated insanity of one of the parties is not sufficient reason for setting a contract aside where the executed contract was made in good faith, for a fair consideration, and without notice of infirmity, and if the parties cannot be …
Criminal Law - Statutory Interpretation - Possession Of Gambling Devices As Misdemeanor, Richard B. Gushée
Criminal Law - Statutory Interpretation - Possession Of Gambling Devices As Misdemeanor, Richard B. Gushée
Michigan Law Review
In raiding a warehouse, a sheriff found forty-six dust-covered slot machines with payoff slots covered and containing no payoff mechanisms. There was no evidence that the machines had ever been used. Appellant had rented the warehouse for the purpose of storing the machines. His testimony showed that he owned the machines and was a dealer engaged in buying and selling them. He was indicted under a statute reading: "Any person who, by himself or with another, shall keep, maintain, employ, or carry on any lottery or other scheme or device for the hazarding of any money or valuable thing shall …
Labor Law--Labor-Management Relations Act--Union Unfair Labor Practices--Strike To Force Employer To Agree To Union Hiring Hall, L. B. Lea S.Ed.
Labor Law--Labor-Management Relations Act--Union Unfair Labor Practices--Strike To Force Employer To Agree To Union Hiring Hall, L. B. Lea S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
In negotiating collective bargaining contracts for 1948, respondents (National Maritime Union and its officers) insisted, as a condition precedent to entering into any agreement, upon continuation of existing hiring hall provisions. After refusal of the employers to agree to such proposal, respondents called a strike. Upon filing of charges of union unfair labor practice with the N.L.R.B., held, respondents' activities constituted violations of sections 8 (b) ( 2) and 8 (b) (3), but not of section 8 (b) (1) (A) of the National Labor Relations Act, as amended by the Labor-Management Relations Act. Member Gray dissented from the 8(b) …
A Review Of Annual Survey Of American Law: 1947, Edson R. Sunderland
A Review Of Annual Survey Of American Law: 1947, Edson R. Sunderland
Michigan Law Review
This is the sixth annual volume in which the faculty of the New York University School of Law has published its summary of the important developments in American law. The magnitude of the task required to produce these volumes would be considered beyond the capacity of the teaching staff of any single law school if the actual publication, year by year, of these monumental surveys did not prove that it could be accomplished.
The Revenue Act Of 1948-: Federal Estate And Gift Taxation, Milton D. Solomon
The Revenue Act Of 1948-: Federal Estate And Gift Taxation, Milton D. Solomon
Michigan Law Review
The community property system has always been a thorn in the side of the federal tax structure. The theory that husband and wife have equal, vested, undivided one-half interests in property held by them as tenants in community, when given effect for federal tax purposes, has resulted, because of our system of graduated rates, in substantial income, estate and gift tax advantages in favor of residents of community property states over their neighbors in non-community property states. Attempts to change this situation as to federal income taxation proved uniformly unsuccessful. However, success was achieved in the field of federal estate …
Constitutional Law-Privilege Against Self-Incrimination-Use Against Defendant Of Records Required To Be Kept By Federal Law, C. C. Grunewald S.Ed.
Constitutional Law-Privilege Against Self-Incrimination-Use Against Defendant Of Records Required To Be Kept By Federal Law, C. C. Grunewald S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
Petitioner Shapiro, a produce wholesaler, was served under the authority of the Emergency Price Control Act with a subpoena duces tecum ordering him to produce certain duplicate sales invoices required to be kept by government regulation. The petitioner produced the records but claimed a constitutional privilege. When subsequently tried in the district court on charges of making tie-in sales in violation of the price regulations, petitioner pleaded immunity under section 202 (g) of the Emergency Price Control Act. His plea was overruled; conviction followed and was affirmed by the circuit court of appeals. On certiorari to the Supreme Court, held …
Brinton: From Many One, Michigan Law Review
Brinton: From Many One, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
A Review of FROM MANY ONE. By Crane Brinton.
The Law School 1948-1949, E. Blythe Stason
The Law School 1948-1949, E. Blythe Stason
Michigan Law Review
Oversized enrollment again characterizes the student body of the University of Michigan Law School for the year 1948-49. Somewhat reduced from last year's record of 1107 prospective lawyers, this year the William W. Cook Law Quadrangle is accommodating 1057 future members of the bar. The beginning class of 426 students, together with 279 second year students, 339 seniors, 10 candidates for the graduate degrees, and 3 special students all add up to 1057 total. In the total are included 24 future Portias of the bar. These figures should be compared and contrasted with pre-war enrollments approximating 600-650 students. The demand …
Courts-Jurisdiction-Constitutionality Of Statute Establishing Jurisdiction Over Nonresident Conducting Business In State Through Resident Agent, David D. Ring
Michigan Law Review
Defendant, a resident of Utah, sued petitioner, a resident of California, to recover construction costs and contractor's fee for the erection of a building at petitioner's Utah place of business. In accordance with a statute of Utah providing that jurisdiction over a nonresident individual doing business in the state could be obtained in all actions arising out of the conduct of the business by serving process on the resident agent managing the business, summons was served on the petitioner's Utah manager. Petitioner appeared specially and moved to quash the summons for lack of jurisdiction, which motion was denied. He then …
Judges--Motion For New Trial--Death Of Trial Judge Before Hearing On Motion For New Trial, Albert B. Perlin, Jr.
Judges--Motion For New Trial--Death Of Trial Judge Before Hearing On Motion For New Trial, Albert B. Perlin, Jr.
Michigan Law Review
Judgment was entered upon a jury verdict for the plaintiff. Defendants thereupon filed their intention to move for a new trial, but before the motion could be heard the trial judge died and assignment was made for hearing before another judge of the same court. Section 661 of the California Code of Civil Procedure directed that, "The motion for new trial shall be heard and determined by the judge who presided at the trial; provided, however, that in case of the inability of such judge or if at the time noticed for hearing thereon he is absent from the county …
Mortgages--"Depression Jurisprudence" --Remaining Effects In Statutory Law, John F. Buchman, Iii S.Ed.
Mortgages--"Depression Jurisprudence" --Remaining Effects In Statutory Law, John F. Buchman, Iii S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
Periods of economic depression, to a far greater degree than more prosperous times, bring into sharp conflict the competing interests of debtor and creditor. This conflict becomes especially apparent in the field of mortgage law. The mortgagee-creditor wants to enforce payment of the debt according to the terms of the contract, taking advantage of the security for which he bargained. The mortgagor-debtor is anxious to protect, if possible, his own investment in the mortgaged property. Because of the vast number of cases which occurred during the 1930's in which it appeared unduly harsh and inequitable to accord mortgagees their traditional …
Wills--Merger Of Annuity For Life In Residue Which Passed By Intestacy, L. K. Cooperrider S.Ed.
Wills--Merger Of Annuity For Life In Residue Which Passed By Intestacy, L. K. Cooperrider S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
Testator made several pecuniary bequests, including an annuity to his daughter of $25 per month for life. The residue was bequeathed to charity, but this gift failed, and it went instead, by intestacy, to the daughter and a granddaughter. The latter, objecting to a plan of distribution proposed by the auditor, petitioned for immediate payment to herself of one-half of the entire estate, contending that the daughter's annuity merged in her intestate share. The Orphans' Court dismissed the petition, and decreed that $12,831.44 of the estate of $32,831.44 be retained to carry out the testator's delayed bequests, including the annuity, …
The Committee To Frame A World Constitution: Preliminary Draft Of A World Constitution, Michigan Law Review
The Committee To Frame A World Constitution: Preliminary Draft Of A World Constitution, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
A Review of PRELIMINARY DRAFT OF A WORLD CONSTITUTION. By The Committee to Frame a World Constitution.
Corporations - Liability Of Directors For Failure To Enforce Corporate Right By Section 16b Of Securities Exchange Act, Bernard Goldstone
Corporations - Liability Of Directors For Failure To Enforce Corporate Right By Section 16b Of Securities Exchange Act, Bernard Goldstone
Michigan Law Review
Plaintiff brought a stockholder's derivative suit against the directors of X corporation, alleging that they wilfully failed to demand short term profits made in the sale of the corporation's securities by an officer of the corporation. These profits were recoverable by the corporation pursuant to section 16B of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Plaintiff further alleged that as a result of the directors' failure to sue, the statute of limitations barred recovery of these profits, giving rise to a common law action against the directors for waste. Defendants moved to dismiss. Held, motion granted. Directors were not liable …
Courts - Due Process- Findings Of Fact By Court On Basis Of Transcript Where Master Has Not Submitted Report, J. R. Mackenzie S.Ed.
Courts - Due Process- Findings Of Fact By Court On Basis Of Transcript Where Master Has Not Submitted Report, J. R. Mackenzie S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
After taking evidence upon a matter referred to him, a master in chancery closed the proofs, but died before making his report. The district court, after receiving briefs of counsel and hearing argument, made an ultimate finding based on the transcript of evidence. Held, such action by a court which has not seen the witnesses is not in accord with due process. Smith v. Dental Products Co., (C.C.A. 7th, 1948) 168 F. (2d) 516.
Pritchett: The Roosevelt Court, Michigan Law Review
Pritchett: The Roosevelt Court, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
A Review of THE ROOSEVELT COURT. By C. Herman Pritchett.
The Codification Of International Law, James L. Brierly
The Codification Of International Law, James L. Brierly
Michigan Law Review
Any conclusion about the desirability or the practicability of codifying international law ought to be based on a clear idea of what the process would involve, and unfortunately "codification" is an ambiguous word. In the sense in which British and American lawyers use the word it relates to the form in which the law is presented. When we codify, we do not regard the task as one of improving the substance of the law, but as one of collecting the existing rules and stating them concisely and clearly. It is true that, even so, the work must involve some element …
Wills-Bequests Of Annuities-Right Of Legatee To Receive Principal In Lieu Of Annuity, Daniel W. Reddin Iii S.Ed.
Wills-Bequests Of Annuities-Right Of Legatee To Receive Principal In Lieu Of Annuity, Daniel W. Reddin Iii S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
Decedent left a will in which she made a bequest of $3000, $1000 to be paid in cash and the balance to be invested by her executor in annuities to be purchased from certain specified companies. In his final report, which was upheld by the district court, the executor expressed his belief that the legatee had the right under this will to elect either to receive the entire bequest in cash or to have the designated part invested in the specified annuities, and stated that since the legatee had elected to receive the cash, the entire $3000 would be distributed …
The Legal Status Of Occupied Germany, Max Rheinstein
The Legal Status Of Occupied Germany, Max Rheinstein
Michigan Law Review
The unprecedented situation presently existing in Germany has, of necessity, given rise to new and intricate questions of international law. Of these, one set of problems appears to me to deserve special attention because of both their theoretical and practical significance, namely, the problems concerning the legal relations between Germany and .her occupiers.
Constitutional Law-Procedural Due Process In Criminal Cases-Adequacy Of Remedies In State Courts To Raise The Questions, David H. Armstrong S.Ed.
Constitutional Law-Procedural Due Process In Criminal Cases-Adequacy Of Remedies In State Courts To Raise The Questions, David H. Armstrong S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
This comment will not attempt to consider the guarantees of a fair trial, but will deal with the remedies available to a person confined in a state prison in his attempt to secure relief on the ground of an asserted violation of such guarantees in the conduct of his trial.
Constitutional Law-State Taxation Of Interstate Commerce -Validity Of Apportioned Capital Tax On Corporation Engaged Solely In Interstate Commerce, R. V. Wellman S.Ed.
Constitutional Law-State Taxation Of Interstate Commerce -Validity Of Apportioned Capital Tax On Corporation Engaged Solely In Interstate Commerce, R. V. Wellman S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
Plaintiff gas company, a Delaware corporation, transported gas by pipe line across a section of Mississippi. Its activities in Mississippi admittedly did not constitute intrastate commerce and plaintiff had no agent for service of process in that state. Mississippi imposed a "franchise or excise" tax on all· corporations present in the state, measured by applying a specified rate against the value of the capital employed within its boundaries. This tax was in addition to, and independent of, the locally imposed ad valorem taxes levied against plaintiff's property. Alleging the franchise tax to be invalid under the commerce clause of the …
Corporations-Application Of Statutes Requiring That Corporate Business Be Managed By Board Of Directors, Bernard L. Trott
Corporations-Application Of Statutes Requiring That Corporate Business Be Managed By Board Of Directors, Bernard L. Trott
Michigan Law Review
In 1942, X corporation and its stockholders entered into an agreement whereby it was stipulated that the management of all theatres leased or operated by the X corporation, or any subsidiary thereof, would be placed in the hands of Y corporation, a large stockholder. This power of management was to include supervising and directing the buying and booking of all attractions, designating and changing the entertainment policy, hiring and discharging employees, and carrying out "such policies or projects as the Board of Directors of the Tenant or its subsidiaries may approve." This agreement was to be effective for a period …