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Full-Text Articles in Law
Consensual Sex Crimes In The Armed Forces: A Primer For The Uninformed, Walter T. Cox Iii
Consensual Sex Crimes In The Armed Forces: A Primer For The Uninformed, Walter T. Cox Iii
Duke Journal of Gender Law & Policy
Though not specifically mentioned in this chapter, all disorders and neglects to the prejudice of good order and discipline in the armed forces, all conduct of a nature to bring discredit upon the armed forces, and crimes and offenses not capital, of which persons subject to this chapter may be guilty, . . . shall be punished at the discretion of that court.5 To implement this congressionally-enacted prohibition, the President, as Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces, has deemed by executive order that a number of acts are punishable under this Article.
Women In The Sphere Of Masculinity: The Double-Edged Sword Of Women’S Integration In The Military, Noya Rimalt
Women In The Sphere Of Masculinity: The Double-Edged Sword Of Women’S Integration In The Military, Noya Rimalt
Duke Journal of Gender Law & Policy
Too many women together are not a good thing anywhere, especially not in the military.2 Noa is one of numerous women who have managed to cross traditional gender lines in the Israeli military in the last decade, assigned to positions that typically had been reserved for men.3 The inclusion of those women in traditional masculine spheres was the result of legal changes initiated by women and feminist groups in the 1990s.4 Those changes were designed to promote greater gender equality in the military by opening prestigious combat units to women soldiers.5 Hence, Noa and all other women whose military experiences …
Constructing The Co-Ed Military, Elaine Donnelly
Constructing The Co-Ed Military, Elaine Donnelly
Duke Journal of Gender Law & Policy
During a pre-launch test of the Apollo One spacecraft,1 an electrical spark ignited the pure-oxygen atmosphere inside the cramped capsule, killing astronauts Virgil Grissom, Edward White, and Roger Chafee.2 Critics demanded to know why the mechanical and electrical engineers of the National Aeronautic and Space Administration (NASA) failed to recognize the inherent dangers of operating in a pure-oxygen environment. To ensure that the intent of Congress is carried out with regard to homosexuals in the military, the Secretary of Defense should: * Improve understanding and enforcement of the law by eliminating the Clinton Administration's enforcement regulations, known as "Don't Ask, …
Cultural Differences In Perceptions Of And Responses To Sexual Harassment, Jennifer Zimbroff
Cultural Differences In Perceptions Of And Responses To Sexual Harassment, Jennifer Zimbroff
Duke Journal of Gender Law & Policy
14 To be considered pervasive, the conduct must be repeated, continuous and concerted, and not merely an isolated incident or occasional occurrence.15 Moreover, to sustain a hostile environment claim, the conduct must have been unwelcome-that is, the conduct was neither invited nor incited by the complaining party-and the complainant must have clearly indicated that the conduct was unwelcome.16 Hostile environment sexual harassment encompasses a wide range of behaviors including, inter alia, displays of sexually-explicit materials, sexuallycharged or demeaning jokes, derogatory names or epithets, physical advances, repetitive requests for dates, repeated comments on physical appearance, and sexually-charged body language or facial …
Military Sex Scandals From Tailhook To The Present: The Cure Can Be Worse Than The Disease, Kingsley R. Browne
Military Sex Scandals From Tailhook To The Present: The Cure Can Be Worse Than The Disease, Kingsley R. Browne
Duke Journal of Gender Law & Policy
On Friday and Saturday of the convention, "hospitality suites" hosted by various flight squadrons were the scene of what can accurately be described as debauchery.6 The activities included performances by female strippers, sexual interaction with these strippers,7 drinking "belly/navel shots,"8 which entails men drinking alcohol out of women's navels, "butt biting"9 and leg shaving,10 which are what they sound like, and "ball walking," which consisted of fully clothed male officers walking around with their genitals exposed.11 The activities spread into the third-floor hall linking the suites. A "gauntlet" (or "gantlet")-a double line of male aviators, one on each side of …
Sexy Dressing Revisited: Does Target Dress Play A Part In Sexual Harassment Cases?, Theresa M. Beiner
Sexy Dressing Revisited: Does Target Dress Play A Part In Sexual Harassment Cases?, Theresa M. Beiner
Duke Journal of Gender Law & Policy
Feminists have been debating what constitutes appropriate female attire since the beginning of the feminist movement in the United States. Since the early 1990s, when Naomi Wolf's book The Beauty Myth was released, feminists, law professors, and popular culture critics have tried to understand women's dress in the present day. In spite of years of criticism of these beliefs, the bias this injects into rape trials, and even with the enactment of rape shield laws, this evidence still sneaks into rape cases. With this in mind, one would expect a similar phenomenon to occur in sexual harassment cases. As the …
Lessons From Equal Opportunity Harasser Doctrine: Challenging Sex-Specific Appearance And Dress Codes, Deborah Zalesne
Lessons From Equal Opportunity Harasser Doctrine: Challenging Sex-Specific Appearance And Dress Codes, Deborah Zalesne
Duke Journal of Gender Law & Policy
Importing interpretations of Title VII developed from the equal opportunity harasser doctrine to dress code cases-which also fall under the purview of Title VII-would allow courts to focus on the sex-based underpinnings of employer dress codes that construct women as generally inferior to men and the harm that dress codes present to individuals who deviate from accepted gender norms, without requiring comparative evidence of unequal burdens to both sexes.
Branded: Corporate Image, Sexual Stereotyping, And The New Face Of Capitalism, Dianne Avery, Marion Crain
Branded: Corporate Image, Sexual Stereotyping, And The New Face Of Capitalism, Dianne Avery, Marion Crain
Duke Journal of Gender Law & Policy
In the context of unionized workforces covered by collective bargaining agreements, companies have-at most-been required to demonstrate a reasonable relationship between the grooming code and the business's effort to project a corporate image that it believes will result in a larger market share.5 In a small number of cases, sexualized branding that exposes workers to sexual harassment or is predicated upon sexual stereotypes not essential to performance of the job has been curtailed by the antidiscrimination mandate of Title VII.6 However, challenges under Title VII have been effective only where corporate branding is at odds with community norms; where the …