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Full-Text Articles in Law

Damages For Wrongful Birth, Joyce E. Barrett Jan 1972

Damages For Wrongful Birth, Joyce E. Barrett

Cleveland State Law Review

While recovery of damages for wrongful death was sanctioned in England as early as 1846 and is now available by statute in every state, the law has been loathe to afford a remedy for wrongful birth. Plaintiffs who have attempted to cope with the problem of people- pollution by various birth control methods, only to have their ecolog- ical efforts stymied by the negligence of a physician performing a sterilization operation or a pharmacist dispensing birth control pills, have been denied a remedy for what, in this writer's view, is the "wrongful birth" of the resulting child. This paper will …


Malicious Prosecution Suits As Counterbalance To Medical Malpractice Suits, Allen P. Adler Jan 1972

Malicious Prosecution Suits As Counterbalance To Medical Malpractice Suits, Allen P. Adler

Cleveland State Law Review

A few years ago medical malpractice suits were something of a rarity in the United States. They now appear to be a major national problem. The magnitude of this ever increasing problem can be illustrated by the fact that a Senate subcommittee, chaired by Sen. Abraham Ribicoff, has investigated the increase in malpractice litigation and that President Nixon has ordered the establishment of a Commission on Medical Malpractice, under the Department of Health, Education and Welfare, to research the problem and report a possible solution by March 1, 1972.


Contributory Negligence In Medical Malpractice, Diane Shelby Jan 1972

Contributory Negligence In Medical Malpractice, Diane Shelby

Cleveland State Law Review

The best and most complete defense to a charge of malpractice is the allegation and proof of the absence of negligence. It is also the most often used defense. Of the less popular defenses, contributory negligence on the part of the patient is probably the least attractive and the most difficult to maintain, even though it has been held to be a complete bar to recovery in several cases difficult to categorize.


Short Tendering Rule In The Sale Of Securities, Larry A. Oday Jan 1972

Short Tendering Rule In The Sale Of Securities, Larry A. Oday

Cleveland State Law Review

Rule 10b-4 of The Securities and Exchange Commission, also known as "the short tendering rule," might be described as one of the best kept secrets in securities regulation. Although it has been in effect for more than three years, very few attorneys or brokers know anything about it or have even heard of it.


Lawyers' Malpractice In Litigation, Nathaniel Rothstein Jan 1972

Lawyers' Malpractice In Litigation, Nathaniel Rothstein

Cleveland State Law Review

Until recently, when we spoke of malpractice we invariably meant medical malpractice. Less than 20 years ago only a handful of lawyers carried professional liability (malpractice) insurance. This is no longer true. Attorneys who practice in large metropolitan areas are now keenly aware of the importance and necessity of having this insurance coverage; and in no segment of the legal profession is this more urgent than amongst trial lawyers-for much like surgeons in the medical field, trial lawyers are the most vulnerable in attorney-malpractice lawsuits.


Sovereign Immunity Abrogated In Ohio: Krause V. State, James B. Wilkens Jan 1972

Sovereign Immunity Abrogated In Ohio: Krause V. State, James B. Wilkens

Cleveland State Law Review

The decision thus promulgates three principal rulings: (1) that sovereign immunity does not provide a bar to bringing an action against the State of Ohio, (2) that the state is liable by virtue of the doctrine of respondeat superior for the authorized activities of its officers, employees and other agents, and (3) that freedom of individual agents from civil liability arising out of authorized activities for the state is retained. The effects of these rulings are far from obvious, in large part because of the confused prior state of the law upon which they are engrafted. Furthermore, the grounds given …


Uninsured Motorist Coverage, Company Insolvency, And The Ohio Insurance Guaranty Association Act, Mario C. Ciano Jan 1972

Uninsured Motorist Coverage, Company Insolvency, And The Ohio Insurance Guaranty Association Act, Mario C. Ciano

Cleveland State Law Review

It is not often that a legislative event and a happenstance of life converge almost simultaneously upon a specific and narrow issue of law. This is precisely what occurred in Ohio in the latter part of 1970. In that year, the legislature amended the Ohio Uninsured Motorist Statute to declare, in effect, that a vehicle would be considered "uninsured" when the company insuring that vehicle for some reason became financially insolvent. The amendment became effective October 1, 1970. That same year the legislature enacted legislation to provide a fund from which claims could be paid in the eventuality that an …


Legal Nature Of Parliamentary Procedure, John Waldeck Jan 1972

Legal Nature Of Parliamentary Procedure, John Waldeck

Cleveland State Law Review

Parliamentary procedure is law. Its origins are found in the English and American legislatures and it was adopted by the nonlegislative assemblies in this country for ordering the conduct of meetings and the making of decisions. ...The law has been projected into parts of parliamentary procedure by case and code law but it has been ignored in the broad field. Most laymen have conversely ignored the law and proceeded to write and publish with no regard to the legal aspects. It is in this area, between the lawyers and the laymen, that a blind spot has developed in the law. …


Motives Of Non-Profit Organizations And The Antitrust Laws, Frank J. Nawalanic Jan 1972

Motives Of Non-Profit Organizations And The Antitrust Laws, Frank J. Nawalanic

Cleveland State Law Review

Non-profit status has traditionally been delegated and regulated by state law. It is becoming increasingly clear that state law is expanding the types of organization allowed non-profit status, thus inviting more abuses of the status to exist. This is exemplified by New York's "Not-For-Profit Corporation Law" and recent indications by Pennsylvania and California legislators of their contemplation of enacting similar statutes. It is with this understanding that the applicability of the antitrust laws to non-profit corporations will be considered.


Attacking Discrimination Through The Thirteenth Amendment, Avery S. Friedman Jan 1972

Attacking Discrimination Through The Thirteenth Amendment, Avery S. Friedman

Cleveland State Law Review

The inadequate avenues of direct relief available to those groups that have been discriminated against have been a cause of frustration and a source of alienation leading in certain instances to violence. The inability of our legal system to assure equal job opportunity has contravened the very essence of the thirteenth amendment of the United States Constitution prohibiting slavery.


Visitors' Refusal To Leave Premises, Joseph Gibson Jan 1972

Visitors' Refusal To Leave Premises, Joseph Gibson

Cleveland State Law Review

Many factors have been blamed for this new, brazen attitude of remaining on another's property. Some fault the Supreme Court's rulings in Brown v. Louisiana, where court conviction of sit-in demonstrators at a public library, was reversed by holding that the conviction was a violation of the fourteenth amendment rights, and Cox v. Louisiana' where the Court decided that a state statute which regulated picketing was improper because of the discretion which it gave to local officials. Others lay the blame on a more permissive society which is breeding contempt for the power structure. The most logical explanation is a …


Damages For Loss Of Trees, Evelyn Stebbins, Charles G. Sabo Jan 1972

Damages For Loss Of Trees, Evelyn Stebbins, Charles G. Sabo

Cleveland State Law Review

The purpose of damages is to compensate an individual for an injury or wrong, where the loss or diminution is proximately caused by the negligent or wrongful act or omission of another. The purpose of a measure of damages is to ascertain what compensation to award the injured person. The courts have held that the general measure for damage to real property is the difference between the market value of the property before the injury and its value after the injury. Although there is no fixed, arbitrable, or absolute rule regarding damages for the loss of trees to realty, the …


Qui Tam Actions For Citizen Enforcement Of The Refuse Act Of 1899 Against Polluters, J. S. Ott Jan 1972

Qui Tam Actions For Citizen Enforcement Of The Refuse Act Of 1899 Against Polluters, J. S. Ott

Cleveland State Law Review

It may be possible for private citizens to enforce the Refuse Act of 1899 when prosecutors refuse to act. This is possible, proponents suggest, by applying the ancient theory of qui tam to criminal sanctions in the Refuse Act. So far, the scheme has met with no reported judicial approval. ...The court again recognized in 1943 that "qui tam suits have been frequently permitted by legislative action . . . ."" A number of Federal statutes authorize qui tam action by the common informer.12 As late as 1970, the Hudson River Fisherman's Association was granted $2,000, under the 1899 Rivers …


Federal Injunctions And State Criminal Prosecutions: Vestiges Of Our Federalism, Bruce E. Gaynor Jan 1972

Federal Injunctions And State Criminal Prosecutions: Vestiges Of Our Federalism, Bruce E. Gaynor

Cleveland State Law Review

Increasingly over the past decade, persons charged with violations of "unconstitutional" federal or state statutes have sought to obtain equitable relief in the federal courts. Most often, the relief sought has been in the form of an injunction restraining the government from prosecuting or threatening to prosecute under the allegedly invalid statute. Declaratory relief (that the statute is, in fact, unconstitutional) has often been sought as an additional or alternative remedy.


A Modest Proposal For A Partial Reform Of Our System Of Criminal Law And Its Enforcement, J. Patrick Browne Jan 1972

A Modest Proposal For A Partial Reform Of Our System Of Criminal Law And Its Enforcement, J. Patrick Browne

Cleveland State Law Review

No fair observer could deny that there are glaring flaws in our system of criminal justice. The mention of only a few will suffice to illustrate the point: The police are insensitive to civil rights, and brutal to the poor and to minorities; prosecutors victimize the defenseless who are unable to obtain adequate counsel to protect their rights. And all this is done in the name of law and order. Only the brutalized members of minorities-both racial, ethnic, and financial-are more aware of these injustices than are today's law students. These students rightly burn with a combination of indignation at …


Book Review, Francis L. Bremson Jan 1972

Book Review, Francis L. Bremson

Cleveland State Law Review

This review gives an overview of Sanctions for Evil by Nevitt Sanford, Craig Comstock, and Associates. The book aims to determine the causes of "social destruction," which is societal harm that is socially sanctioned.


Book Review, Salvatore J. Lopresti Jan 1972

Book Review, Salvatore J. Lopresti

Cleveland State Law Review

This entry focuses on the text Law and the School Superintendent. The book offers examples for lay readers of how to deal with issues like collective bargaining, discrimination, and free speech in schools.


Book Review, Beverly H. Briggs Jan 1972

Book Review, Beverly H. Briggs

Cleveland State Law Review

No abstract provided.


Book Review, Ann Aldrich Jan 1972

Book Review, Ann Aldrich

Cleveland State Law Review

No abstract provided.


Information Science Techniques For Legal Searching, Deborah C. Goshien Jan 1972

Information Science Techniques For Legal Searching, Deborah C. Goshien

Cleveland State Law Review

Information scientific methods can be combined with current legal searching techniques to improve the usefulness and cost-effectiveness of computerized legal research. By combining methods from several disciplines, the lawyer-user may be enabled to locate relevant material that might be missed in either a manual or a straight word-byword computer search.


Education In Professional Responsibility, David B. Goshien Jan 1972

Education In Professional Responsibility, David B. Goshien

Cleveland State Law Review

The problems, indeed the inadequacy of present legal education in ethics and professional responsibility are well known. The traditional methods of preparing law students for the avoidance of ethical and even criminal complaints against them in their future practice of law have been, in the main, divisible into two general categories: the "pervasive" method, through which understanding is supposed to be gained by students as if by osmosis through all courses and general law school contract, and the "specific" method which offers a course in the subject. Both methods are commonly used but neither seems to have achieved an acceptable …


Hospital Liability: Implications Of Recent Physician's Assistant Statutes, Daniel W. Coyne Jan 1972

Hospital Liability: Implications Of Recent Physician's Assistant Statutes, Daniel W. Coyne

Cleveland State Law Review

New methods must be devised to increase the efficient use of the available supply of physicians. "Among the innovations being tried with physicians is the development of new disciplines involving assistants to physicians." Increasing utilization of returning medics from the armed forces is being undertaken to help relieve the civilian manpower shortage. The legal implications of these developments range from problems of licensure to considerations of vicarious liability for an assistant's negligence (malpractice) or for the negligence of the assistant's supervising physician. It is with a species of this latter problem that this paper will be concerned. But one ought …


Electric Transmission Lines And The Environment, Alan P. Buchmann Jan 1972

Electric Transmission Lines And The Environment, Alan P. Buchmann

Cleveland State Law Review

One of the significant outgrowths of the current interest in "environmental" questions is the increasing prominence of aesthetics qua aesthetics as a subject for judicial and administrative concern. A major area of litigation, and one which has by its very nature lent itself to an analysis of the significance, and viability, of purely "aesthetic" issues, has involved high voltage transmission lines.


Banishment From The Kingdom Of Lake (County), Nelson G. Karl Jan 1972

Banishment From The Kingdom Of Lake (County), Nelson G. Karl

Cleveland State Law Review

On the 19th day of May, 1971, the Supreme Court of Ohio denied habeas corpus relief to Michael Edsall, a fourteen year old boy who had been banished from Lake County, Ohio. In denying habeas corpus relief to Mike Edsall, the Ohio Supreme Court concluded that the Juvenile Court had jurisdiction over both the person of Mike Edsall and the subject matter, and that an appeal from the decision would have been the appropriate means by which the order of the Juvenile Court could be reviewed. But in so doing, the Supreme Court avoided dealing with the substantive issue of …


Billboard Regulations, And Aesthetics, Richard Sutton Jan 1972

Billboard Regulations, And Aesthetics, Richard Sutton

Cleveland State Law Review

The regulation of outdoor advertising has prompted a surprisingly prodigious amount of controversy and litigation. It has been challenged as a denial of free speech, due process, and equal protection; it has been upheld on nuisance4 and real property grounds, and sustained on the basis of public health, safety, morality, comfort and convenience, aesthetics, and the right to be let alone."


Judicial Review Of Sec Rule 14a-8: No Action Decisions, Andrew A. Markus Jan 1972

Judicial Review Of Sec Rule 14a-8: No Action Decisions, Andrew A. Markus

Cleveland State Law Review

A recent decision of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia has focused attention on the dissident stockholders' right to have the courts review the Securities and Exchange Commission's informal acquiescence to management's refusal to include in its proxy statement a proposal of the dissidents. The controversy centers around proxy regulation 14a-82 promulgated pursuant to section 14 of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934.


Book Review, Everett A. Chandler Jan 1972

Book Review, Everett A. Chandler

Cleveland State Law Review

The author reviews Education in the Professional Responsibilities of the Lawyer by Donald T. Weckstein. He especially highlights the different teaching methods the text suggests to use to instruct law students on the topic of professional responsibility, such as the traditional and pervasive methods.


Book Review, Donald W. Pritchard Jan 1972

Book Review, Donald W. Pritchard

Cleveland State Law Review

The author reviews The Nominalistic Principle by Eliyahu Hirschberg, which examines changes in the value of money caused by inflation, deflation, devaluation, and revaluation.


Nonprofit Unincorporated Associations, Howard L. Oleck Jan 1972

Nonprofit Unincorporated Associations, Howard L. Oleck

Cleveland State Law Review

Western civilization has been (and is) characterized by voluntary associations of people, from the earliest warrior bands and "churches" to towns and universities and guilds, etc. Corporations, as vehicles for such associations, did not exist until relatively recently, and associations were (and very many still are) unincorporated. Unincorporated associations as a form of organization have been losing ground to the corporation, but are far from obsolete


Excessive Delay In The Courts: Toward A Continuance Policy Relating To Counsel And Parties, Thomas O. Gorman Jan 1972

Excessive Delay In The Courts: Toward A Continuance Policy Relating To Counsel And Parties, Thomas O. Gorman

Cleveland State Law Review

The maxim "Justice delayed is justice denied" is an expression which is becoming all too meaningful in our courts today. Many of the large metropolitan courts in this country are being strangled by the ever-increasing backlog of cases. ...In most court systems, continuance policies are either non-existent or couched in vague terms such as "good cause shown.' It is the aim of this study to formulate guidelines for a sound continuance policy which will serve to speed the administration of justice without interfering with the high standard of judicial fairness necessary to proper adjudication.