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Full-Text Articles in Law

A Compliance-Based Theory Of International Law, Andrew T. Guzman Dec 2001

A Compliance-Based Theory Of International Law, Andrew T. Guzman

Andrew T Guzman

This Article examines international law from the perspective of compliance. It puts forward a theory of international law in which compliance comes about in a model of rational, self-interested states. International law can affect state behavior because states are concerned about the reputational and direct sanctions that follow its violation. The model allows us to consider international law in a new light. Most strikingly, one is forced to reconsider two of the most fundamental doctrinal points in the field-the definitions of customary international law (“CIL”) and of international law itself. A reputational model of compliance makes it clear that CIL …


To Settle Or Empanel? An Empirical Analysis Of Litigation And Settlement At The Wto, Andrew T. Guzman, Beth A. Simmons Dec 2001

To Settle Or Empanel? An Empirical Analysis Of Litigation And Settlement At The Wto, Andrew T. Guzman, Beth A. Simmons

Andrew T Guzman

This paper seeks to understand the factors that cause disputes at the World Trade Organization to move from the negotiation stage to the panel stage. We hypothesize that transfer payments between states are costly to arrange and that the lowest-cost transfers are those that relate directly to the issue in dispute. This implies that when the subject matter of the dispute has an all-or-nothing character and leaves little room for compromise (for example, health and safety regulations), the parties’ ability to reach an agreement through the use of transfers is restricted. In contrast, if the subject matter in dispute permits …


Choice Of Law: New Foundations, Andrew T. Guzman Dec 2001

Choice Of Law: New Foundations, Andrew T. Guzman

Andrew T Guzman

No abstract provided.


The Cost Of Credibility: Explaining Resistance To Interstate Dispute Resolution Mechanisms, Andrew T. Guzman Dec 2001

The Cost Of Credibility: Explaining Resistance To Interstate Dispute Resolution Mechanisms, Andrew T. Guzman

Andrew T Guzman

This paper explains why the use of mandatory dispute resolution clauses is the exception rather than the rule in international agreements. On one hand, these clauses increase the sanction for violation of the agreement and thereby increase the probability that the parties will comply. On the other hand, dispute resolution clauses impose a loss on the parties when violations occur. States, therefore, must balance the credibility and compliance benefits of a mandatory dispute resolution provision against the joint costs imposed by those provisions in the event of a violation. The paper develops a series of predictive and normative results based …