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Articles 1 - 30 of 47
Full-Text Articles in Law
Recovering The Lost General Welfare Clause, David S. Schwartz
Recovering The Lost General Welfare Clause, David S. Schwartz
William & Mary Law Review
The General Welfare Clause of Article I, Section 8, Clause 1 of the Constitution enumerates a power to “provide for the common defense and general welfare.” A literal interpretation of this clause (“the general welfare interpretation”) would authorize Congress to legislate for any national purpose, and therefore to address all national problems— for example, the COVID-19 pandemic—in ways that would be precluded under the prevailing understanding of limited enumerated powers. But conventional doctrine rejects the general welfare interpretation and construes the General Welfare Clause to confer the so-called “Spending Power,” a power only to spend, but not to regulate, for …
Congress's Treaty-Implementing Power In Historical Practice, Jean Galbraith
Congress's Treaty-Implementing Power In Historical Practice, Jean Galbraith
William & Mary Law Review
Historical practice strongly influences constitutional interpretation in foreign relations law, including most questions relating to the treaty power. Yet it is strikingly absent from the present debate over whether Congress can pass legislation implementing U.S. treaties under the Necessary and Proper Clause. Drawing on previously unexplored sources, this Article considers the historical roots of Congress’s power to implement U.S. treaties between the Founding Era and the seminal case of Missouri v. Holland in 1920. It shows that time after time, members of Congress understood the Necessary and Proper Clause to provide a constitutional basis for a congressional power to implement …
Congressional Silence And The Statutory Interpretation Game, Paul Stancil
Congressional Silence And The Statutory Interpretation Game, Paul Stancil
William & Mary Law Review
This Article explores the circumstances under which the federal legislative apparatus may be unable to respond to a politically objectionable statutory interpretation from the Supreme Court. The Article builds upon existing economic models of statutory interpretation, incorporating transaction costs into the analysis for the first time. The Article concludes by identifying recent real-world disputes in which transaction costs likely constrained Congress and the President from overriding the Court.
Can Erie Survive As Federal Common Law?, Craig Green
Can Erie Survive As Federal Common Law?, Craig Green
William & Mary Law Review
No abstract provided.
General Law In Federal Court, Anthony J. Bellia Jr., Bradford R. Clark
General Law In Federal Court, Anthony J. Bellia Jr., Bradford R. Clark
William & Mary Law Review
No abstract provided.
A General Theory Of Governance: Due Process And Lawmaking Power, Louise Weinberg
A General Theory Of Governance: Due Process And Lawmaking Power, Louise Weinberg
William & Mary Law Review
This Article proposes a general theory describing the nature and sources of law in American courts. Erie Railroad Co. v. Tompkins is rejected for this purpose. Better, more general theory is available, flowing from the Due Process Clauses. At its narrowest, the proposed theory is consonant with Erie but generalizes it, embracing federal as well as state law and statutory as well as decisional law in both state and federal courts. More broadly, beyond this unification of systemic thinking, the interest-analytic methodology characteristic of due process extends to a range of substantive constitutional problems. These include problems concerning both the …
Federalism Under Obama, Gillian E. Metzger
Federalism Under Obama, Gillian E. Metzger
William & Mary Law Review
No abstract provided.
Legislating Preemption, Jamelle C. Sharpe
Legislating Preemption, Jamelle C. Sharpe
William & Mary Law Review
Federal preemption is perhaps the most important public law issueof the day. The stakes in preemption cases are enormous, as preemption determines whether the federal government or the statescontrol regulatory policy in a host of politically controversial contexts. Congress clearly has primary constitutional authority insetting federal preemption policy, but, for numerous political and practical reasons, cannot be solely responsible for its implementation.Determining which organ of the federal government is best at implementing preemption policy has therefore become the central preoccupation of the academic literature. While this comparative institutional analysis is certainly important in allocating preemptionpolicy-making business, it has elided a …
"Relative Checks": Towards Optimal Control Of Administrative Power, David S. Rubenstein
"Relative Checks": Towards Optimal Control Of Administrative Power, David S. Rubenstein
William & Mary Law Review
Administrative agencies wield a necessary but dangerous power. Some control of that power is constitutionally required and normatively justified. Yet widely discordant views persist concerning the appropriate means of control. Scholars have proposed competing administrative control models that variably place the judiciary, the President, and Congress at the helm. Although these models offer critical insights into the institutional competencies of the respective branches, they tend to understate the limitations of those branches to check administrative power and ultimately marginalize the public interest costs occasioned by second-guessing administrative choice. The “relative checks” paradigm introduced here seeks to improve upon existing models …
The Vote From Beyond The Grave, Krysta R. Edwards
The Vote From Beyond The Grave, Krysta R. Edwards
William & Mary Law Review
No abstract provided.
Tort Experiments In The Laboratories Of Democracy, Alexandra B. Klass
Tort Experiments In The Laboratories Of Democracy, Alexandra B. Klass
William & Mary Law Review
This Article considers the broad range of "tort experiments" states have undertaken in recent years, as well as the changing attitudes of Congress and the Supreme Court toward state tort law. Notably, while states have limited tort rights and remedies in the products liability and personal injury areas in recent years, they have at the same time increased tort rights and remedies to address new societal problems associated with privacy, publicity, consumer protection, and environmental harm. At the same time, however, Congress has eliminated state tort law entirely in targeted areas without replacing it with corresponding federal remedies. The Supreme …
The New Massachusetts Health Law: Preemption And Experimentation, Edward A. Zelinsky
The New Massachusetts Health Law: Preemption And Experimentation, Edward A. Zelinsky
William & Mary Law Review
The Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA) preempts major features of the new Massachusetts health law. Although regrettable, this conclusion is mandated by ERISA's statutory terminology and the controlling case law. Other states, in fashioning their health care policies, are looking at elements of the new Massachusetts law. Just as ERISA preempts the individual and business contribution mandates of the Massachusetts statute, ERISA will preempt any similar provisions adopted by other states.
Because state experimentation with health care is particularly desirable today, Congress should, at a minimum, amend ERISA to validate the new Massachusetts health law. More comprehensively, …
How To Survive A Terrorist Attack: The Constitution's Majority Quorum Requirement And The Continuity Of Congress, John Bryan Williams
How To Survive A Terrorist Attack: The Constitution's Majority Quorum Requirement And The Continuity Of Congress, John Bryan Williams
William & Mary Law Review
Since their realization that United Airlines Flight 93 was headed toward the U.S. Capitol on the morning of September 11, 2001, legislators and policymakers have been debating how the legislative branch would continue functioning in the aftermath of a terrorist attack that killed or incapacitated large numbers of sehators or representatives. This Article reviews the current House and Senate "Continuity of Congress"plans, and argues they are both practically and constitutionally inadequate. Focusing particularly on the Constitution's majority quorum requirement in Article I, Section Five, Clause One, this Article argues that a House or Senate operating in accordance with the current …
Democratizing The Administrative State, Richard J. Pierce Jr.
Democratizing The Administrative State, Richard J. Pierce Jr.
William & Mary Law Review
Scholars have long questioned the political and constitutional legitimacy of the administrative state. By 1980, a majority of Supreme Court Justices seemed poised to hold that large portions of the administrative state are unconstitutional. In 1984, the Court retreated from that abyss and took a major step toward legitimating and democratizing the administrative state. It instructed lower courts to defer to any reasonable agency interpretation of an ambiguous agency-administered statute, basing this doctrine of deference on the superior political accountability of agencies. Henceforth, politically unaccountable judges were prohibited from substituting their policy preferences for those of politically accountable agencies. The …
Interjurisdictional Enforcement Of Rights In A Post-Erie World, Robert A. Schapiro
Interjurisdictional Enforcement Of Rights In A Post-Erie World, Robert A. Schapiro
William & Mary Law Review
No abstract provided.
Dual Constitutions And Constitutional Duels: Separation Of Powers And State Implementation Of Federally Inspired Regulatory Programs And Standards, Jim Rossi
William & Mary Law Review
Frequently, state-wide executive agencies and localities attempt to implement federally inspired programs. Two predominant examples are cooperative federalism programs and incorporation of federal standards in state-specific law. Federally inspired programs can bump into state constitutional restrictions on the allocation of powers, especially in states whose constitutional systems embrace stronger prohibitions on legislative delegation than the weak restrictions at the federal level, where national goals and standards are made.
This Article addresses this tension between dual federal/state normative accounts of the constitutional allocation of powers in state implementation of federally inspired programs. To the extent the predominant ways of resolving the …
American Insurance Association V. Garamendi And Executive Preemption In Foreign Affairs, Brannon P. Denning, Michael D. Ramsey
American Insurance Association V. Garamendi And Executive Preemption In Foreign Affairs, Brannon P. Denning, Michael D. Ramsey
William & Mary Law Review
No abstract provided.
Disabiling The Ada: Essences, Better Angels, And Unprincipled Neutrality Claims, Aviam Soifer
Disabiling The Ada: Essences, Better Angels, And Unprincipled Neutrality Claims, Aviam Soifer
William & Mary Law Review
No abstract provided.
Congressional Power Over Presidential Elections: Lessons From The Past And Reforms For The Future, Dan T. Coenen, Edward J. Larson
Congressional Power Over Presidential Elections: Lessons From The Past And Reforms For The Future, Dan T. Coenen, Edward J. Larson
William & Mary Law Review
No abstract provided.
The Slippery Slope Of Secrecy: Why Patent Law Preempts Reverse-Engineering Clauses In Shrink-Wrap Licenses, John E. Mauk
The Slippery Slope Of Secrecy: Why Patent Law Preempts Reverse-Engineering Clauses In Shrink-Wrap Licenses, John E. Mauk
William & Mary Law Review
No abstract provided.
Clinton, Kosovo, And The Final Destruction Of The War Powers Resolution, Geoffrey S. Corn
Clinton, Kosovo, And The Final Destruction Of The War Powers Resolution, Geoffrey S. Corn
William & Mary Law Review
No abstract provided.
Federalism And Foreign Affairs: Congress's Power To "Define And Punish...Offenses Against The Law Of Nations", Beth Stephens
Federalism And Foreign Affairs: Congress's Power To "Define And Punish...Offenses Against The Law Of Nations", Beth Stephens
William & Mary Law Review
No abstract provided.
Erisa Section 104(B)(4): What Documents Do Employees Have A Right To Demand From Their Employers?, Anne-Marie M. Miles
Erisa Section 104(B)(4): What Documents Do Employees Have A Right To Demand From Their Employers?, Anne-Marie M. Miles
William & Mary Law Review
No abstract provided.
Is "Diligent Prosecution Of An Action In A Court" Required To Preempt Citizen Suits Under The Major Federal Environmental Statutes?, Derek Dickinson
Is "Diligent Prosecution Of An Action In A Court" Required To Preempt Citizen Suits Under The Major Federal Environmental Statutes?, Derek Dickinson
William & Mary Law Review
No abstract provided.
Treading On Sacred Ground: Congress's Power To Subject White House Advisers To Senate Confirmation, Douglas S. Onley
Treading On Sacred Ground: Congress's Power To Subject White House Advisers To Senate Confirmation, Douglas S. Onley
William & Mary Law Review
No abstract provided.
Reconceptualizing Federal Preemption Of Tort Claims As The Government Standards Defense, Lars Noah
Reconceptualizing Federal Preemption Of Tort Claims As The Government Standards Defense, Lars Noah
William & Mary Law Review
No abstract provided.
Old Wars/New Wars, Peter J. Spiro
The Case Against Fifra Preemption: Reconciling Cipollone's Preemption Approach With Both The Supremacy Clause And Basic Notions Of Federalism, Stephen D. Otero
The Case Against Fifra Preemption: Reconciling Cipollone's Preemption Approach With Both The Supremacy Clause And Basic Notions Of Federalism, Stephen D. Otero
William & Mary Law Review
No abstract provided.
Bank Mergers And The Antitrust Laws: The Case For Dual State And Federal Enforcement, Robert F. Roach
Bank Mergers And The Antitrust Laws: The Case For Dual State And Federal Enforcement, Robert F. Roach
William & Mary Law Review
No abstract provided.
Looking Down From The Hill: Factors Determining The Success Of Congressional Efforts To Reverse Supreme Court Interpretations Of The Constitution, Mark E. Herrmann
Looking Down From The Hill: Factors Determining The Success Of Congressional Efforts To Reverse Supreme Court Interpretations Of The Constitution, Mark E. Herrmann
William & Mary Law Review
No abstract provided.