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Full-Text Articles in Law

Limitation Of Actions - Contempt Proceedings, Menefee D. Blackwell Dec 1938

Limitation Of Actions - Contempt Proceedings, Menefee D. Blackwell

Michigan Law Review

The application of statutes of limitation to proceedings for criminal or civil contempt involves some obscurity and confusion in the modern cases. Legislation has rarely provided expressly for the limitation of contempt proceedings, and their hybrid character has made it difficult to rely with confidence on analogies. The modern tendency of courts has been to differentiate between criminal and civil contempts for many purposes. While the tests for distinguishing civil and criminal proceedings are not yet clear, it seems that the application of limitation acts depends very largely on this distinction.


Injunctions - Courts - Labor Law - Power Of A State Court To Enjoin National Labor Relations Board Officials, Amos J. Coffman Jun 1938

Injunctions - Courts - Labor Law - Power Of A State Court To Enjoin National Labor Relations Board Officials, Amos J. Coffman

Michigan Law Review

The Circuit Court of Washtenaw County, Michigan, recently issued an injunction enjoining the regional officials of the National Labor Relations Board from holding a scheduled hearing in Ann Arbor, Michigan. The injunction was issued on the theory that if any unfair labor practices were being practiced by the Ann Arbor Press (a local job printer charged with violating the act) they did not affect interstate commerce and hence were not within the jurisdiction of the board. The injunction was at least temporarily effective. The hearing was not held in Ann Arbor. The regional office of the board in Detroit withdrew …


Constitutional Law - Federal Courts - Law To Be Applied In Cases Of Diversity Of Citizenship - Swift V. Tyson Overrule, Frank B. Stone Jun 1938

Constitutional Law - Federal Courts - Law To Be Applied In Cases Of Diversity Of Citizenship - Swift V. Tyson Overrule, Frank B. Stone

Michigan Law Review

A recent personal injury case, Erie Railroad v. Tompkins, arose in the federal district court, based upon diversity of citizenship, in which the defendant urged that state judicial decisions of Pennsylvania, the locus delicti, imposed no liability on it for negligence to trespassers. The plaintiff denied that such was the Pennsylvania law and alternatively replied that the issue of law was one to be determined by the federal court without regard to the law of Pennsylvania. On April 25, 1938, a verdict for the plaintiff was unanimously set aside by the Supreme Court. Two members, Justices Butler and McReynolds, …


Appeal And Error - Effect Of Rule That Appellate Court Can Take Notice Of The Failure Of The Defendant To Testify, Michigan Law Review Jun 1938

Appeal And Error - Effect Of Rule That Appellate Court Can Take Notice Of The Failure Of The Defendant To Testify, Michigan Law Review

Michigan Law Review

In affirming a conviction on an indictment for conspiracy to cheat and defraud, the Illinois Appellate Court, an intermediate court of appeals, decided that the evidence was sufficient to justify the jury in concluding that the representations made by the defendants were false. The defendants brought error to review the judgment of the Appellate Court, one ground being that in considering the sufficiency of the evidence, the Appellate Court took notice of the fact that the defendants failed to take the stand and explain the representations. Held, it was not error for the Appellate Court on review to consider …


Courts - Judicial Ethics - Broadcast Of Murder Trial, Michigan Law Review Jun 1938

Courts - Judicial Ethics - Broadcast Of Murder Trial, Michigan Law Review

Michigan Law Review

A microphone was installed in a court room with consent of the trial judge and counsel, for a direct broadcast of a murder trial. Prisoner's counsel, in his argument to the jury, made certain remarks concerning the plaintiff, state's witness, which the latter claimed were libelous per se. Joining as defendants the trial judge, counsel for the alleged felon, and the director of the radio station, plaintiff asserted that the installation of the equipment was an "extrajudicial and illegal" act. Defendant trial judge's motion for non-suit was granted at the close of plaintiff's case, The case was submitted to the …


Jurors - Disqualification For Relationship To Parties - Who Are Parties, James H. Kilbourne Jun 1938

Jurors - Disqualification For Relationship To Parties - Who Are Parties, James H. Kilbourne

Michigan Law Review

Defendant was convicted of grand larceny. His motion for a new trial on the ground that one of the jurors was disqualified for implied bias because she was the mother of a deputy prosecuting attorney of the county was denied. Defendant appealed. Held, there was no error in denying the motion, for the juror was not disqualified. State v. Peterson, 190 Wash. 668, 70 P. (2d) 306 (1937).


Libel And Slander - Privilege - Broadcasting A Trial, Michigan Law Review Jun 1938

Libel And Slander - Privilege - Broadcasting A Trial, Michigan Law Review

Michigan Law Review

A microphone was installed in the courtroom, with consent of the judge and counsel, for the purpose of broadcasting a murder trial. Prisoner's attorney, in his closing argument to the jury, made remarks concerning the plaintiff, state's witness, which the latter claimed were defamatory. Joining as defendants the trial judge, counsel for the alleged felon, and the director of the radio station, plaintiff alleged the utterances were libelous per se. The trial judge's motion for non-suit was granted at the close of the plaintiff's case. As to the other defendants, on appeal, held, with one judge dissenting, that counsel …


Waters And Watercourses - Extent Of Riparian Land -Compensation On Condemnation, G. M. Stevens May 1938

Waters And Watercourses - Extent Of Riparian Land -Compensation On Condemnation, G. M. Stevens

Michigan Law Review

In a recent case compensation was sought for the taking of riparian land for public use. The Supreme Court of Nebraska held that the award should be limited to damages to those sections of land {by the government plat) bordering on the stream. A decision note in this REVIEW criticized that ruling. It was there said that proximity to riparian land might add value even to non-riparian land. Later a rehearing of the case was granted and a new opinion filed. Held, "damages . . . are not limited to governmental sections a part of which is included in …


Jury - False Or Misleading Answers On Voir Dire As Grounds For A New Trial, James H. Kilbourne Apr 1938

Jury - False Or Misleading Answers On Voir Dire As Grounds For A New Trial, James H. Kilbourne

Michigan Law Review

Defendant, a striking employee, was convicted of breach of the peace arising out of an assault on non-striking employees. Immediately preceding his trial the jurors had been interrogated on voir dire in a similar case. Counsel for defendant stated he would rely in part on that examination. In it the jurors had been asked whether they had either friends or relatives working at the strike-bound plant. Juror A failed to disclose that his brother was a non-striking employee, though he admitted his niece was. Juror B failed to disclose that a friend who had previously lived with him for a …


Equity - Contempt - Duration Of Imprisonment, Michigan Law Review Apr 1938

Equity - Contempt - Duration Of Imprisonment, Michigan Law Review

Michigan Law Review

Defendant, a trustee, refused to comply with a court order to turn over certain property to a receiver appointed by the court. She also refused to answer proper questions in a proceeding before a master. She was committed for contempt on January 5, 1934, to be held in jail till she complied with the court order and answered the questions. Her petition for release in July, 1937, was denied. Held, petition properly denied. Tegtmeyer v. Tegtmeyer, (Ill. App. 1937) 11 N. E. (2d) 657.


Federal Courts - Procedure For Determining Jurisdiction Ab Facto - Burden Of Pleading And Proof, Richard B. Maxwell Feb 1938

Federal Courts - Procedure For Determining Jurisdiction Ab Facto - Burden Of Pleading And Proof, Richard B. Maxwell

Michigan Law Review

Since the beginning of our government it has been recognized that the federal courts are courts of limited jurisdiction. At an early date it was decided that because of this the plaintiff must state in his complaint the facts upon which the jurisdiction depended. The reason given in support of this rule, which is still the unquestioned law, is that there is no presumption of jurisdiction in courts which have only limited jurisdiction, but it is presumed not to exist unless its existence be shown upon the record. When the plaintiff sustained his burden of pleading the jurisdictional facts, his …


Administrative Tribunals-Organization And Reorganization, E. Blythe Stason Feb 1938

Administrative Tribunals-Organization And Reorganization, E. Blythe Stason

Michigan Law Review

No doubt overhauling is needed. However, a consistent and rational theory for the integration of the independent agencies with the remainder of the governmental structure is a condition precedent to an intelligent overhauling. This article constitutes a groping for such a theory. First, I shall discuss some of the more significant attacks which have been made in recent years upon modern administrative organization. Then, the reasons for these attacks will be examined and appraised, for they reveal certain pathological conditions which need excision. Finally, and with all due deference to the other remedies that have been suggested, I shall venture …


Judgments - Declaratory Judgments - Scope Of The Federal Act, Michigan Law Review Jan 1938

Judgments - Declaratory Judgments - Scope Of The Federal Act, Michigan Law Review

Michigan Law Review

After the insured had made formal claims for total disability benefits for four years without bringing action to enforce them, the insurer, having at all times denied the total disability of the insured, brought suit in a federal district court for a declaration that it was not liable for the benefits claimed and that the policies had lapsed for non-payment of premiums. The district court granted a motion to dismiss because the insurer failed to present a "controversy" within the Federal Constitution and the Declaratory Judgments Act and because the insurer had no "rights or other legal relations" to be …


Judgments - Default Judgments Rendered Without Jurisdiction - Validating Effect Of A Subsequent General Appearance, Richard B. Maxwell Jan 1938

Judgments - Default Judgments Rendered Without Jurisdiction - Validating Effect Of A Subsequent General Appearance, Richard B. Maxwell

Michigan Law Review

The effect of a general appearance by the defendant following a default judgment rendered without jurisdiction over the person of the defendant has been again raised by the recent Wisconsin case of Schwantz v. Morris. In this case the original judgment was invalid for lack of jurisdiction over the defendants, but the Supreme Court of Wisconsin held, that by joining non-jurisdictional grounds with jurisdictional grounds in a motion to set the judgment aside, the defendants had waived any defects in or objections to the jurisdiction of the court and that this waiver related back to the time of the …


Expansion Of Federal Supervision Of Securities Through The Inquisitional And Census Powers Of Congress-A Suggestion, Kenneth Rush Jan 1938

Expansion Of Federal Supervision Of Securities Through The Inquisitional And Census Powers Of Congress-A Suggestion, Kenneth Rush

Michigan Law Review

The Securities Act and the Securities Exchange Act, principally through the means of compulsory disclosure of information, are intended to aid the investing public in evaluating securities and to prevent the undue influencing of their value, market price and sale. These ends are undoubtedly worth seeking in their entirety, but such is the nature of our federal system that the acts, being founded upon the powers of Congress over the facilities of interstate commerce and of the mails, purport to relate only to transactions in securities involving use of those facilities.