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Determining When The Granting Of Relief Is Deemed Abuse Of The Bankruptcy Code Under Section 707, Angela Bonica
Determining When The Granting Of Relief Is Deemed Abuse Of The Bankruptcy Code Under Section 707, Angela Bonica
Bankruptcy Research Library
(Excerpt)
There is no constitutional right for an individual to have their debts discharged. A discharge is a privilege offered to the honest but unfortunate debtor pursuant to title 11 of the United States Code (the “Bankruptcy Code”). A bankruptcy court considers different standards and/or tests to determine when a debtor may be abusing the relief provided under the Bankruptcy Code. The specific provision that restricts relief because of abuse was originally enacted in 1984, and then amended in 2005 under the Bankruptcy Abuse Prevention and Consumer Protection Act (“BAPCPA”). A main purpose of the BAPCPA was to deter abuses …
Despite A Very High Income, Chapter 7 Debtor’S May Succeed, Pamela Frederick
Despite A Very High Income, Chapter 7 Debtor’S May Succeed, Pamela Frederick
Bankruptcy Research Library
(Excerpt)
Section 707 of the Bankruptcy Code governs when a court may dismiss a chapter 7 bankruptcy case. Under section 707(a), a court may dismiss a chapter 7 case “for cause.” In 2005, Congress enacted the Bankruptcy Abuse Prevention and Consumer Protection Act (“BAPCPA”) and amended section 707(b) to include the so-called “means test,” which provides a formula for determining whether “cause” exists to dismiss (or convert with the debtor’s consent) the debtor’s case. Courts split as to whether this amendment to section 707(b) permits a court to consider the debtor’s income when deciding whether to dismiss the debtor’s chapter …
Second Circuit Sets A Low Bar For Foreign Debtors Seeking Chapter 15 Relief, Samantha Ruppenthal
Second Circuit Sets A Low Bar For Foreign Debtors Seeking Chapter 15 Relief, Samantha Ruppenthal
Bankruptcy Research Library
(Excerpt)
Continued globalization of trade and investment led Congress, through the Bankruptcy Abuse Prevention and Consumer Protection Act (“BAPCPA”), to amend the Bankruptcy Code (“the Code”) in 2005 to include chapter 15. Chapter 15 adopted UNCITRAL’s Model Law on Cross-Border Insolvency —both aim to guide parties through cross-border insolvency proceedings. In addition to the policy objectives for all bankruptcies, chapter 15 specifically aspires to foster cooperation between the United States and foreign countries involved in cross-border insolvency cases and promote greater legal certainty in global trade and investment. A chapter 15 case is generally meant to supplement the plenary case …
Forward Contracts Preference Exception Broadly Construed, Brian King
Forward Contracts Preference Exception Broadly Construed, Brian King
Bankruptcy Research Library
(Excerpt)
Derivative transactions and financial contracts are a critical component of the United States economy. There are three main types of derivative contracts executed in our markets: futures, options and forward contracts. Each of these instruments derives value from an underlying security or resource with focus on a possible change in its future value. These instruments can be used as speculative investments, as hedges on securities already owned, or as a means of mitigating risk on volatility within a specific industry. An essential attribute of trading in these derivatives is “the ability of the parties to value their transaction on …
Bapcpa Does Not Require The Chapter 13 Means Test In Individual Chapter 11 Cases, Steven Saal
Bapcpa Does Not Require The Chapter 13 Means Test In Individual Chapter 11 Cases, Steven Saal
Bankruptcy Research Library
(Excerpt)
The Bankruptcy Abuse Prevention and Consumer Protection Act (“BAPCPA”) was implemented in order to prevent debtors from unjustly shielding value in their estate from deserving creditors and thus abusing the functionality of the federal bankruptcy system. Specifically, one problem perceived to be very prevalent was a practice by individual debtors who would seek to avoid the stringent guidelines of the “means test” in Chapter 13 cases by running for the protection of the more relaxed standards in Chapter 11 cases. The BAPCPA Amendments to section 1129 of the Bankruptcy Code were adopted to institute stricter standards in Chapter 11 …
Bapcpa’S Exception To The Absolute Priority Rule For Individual Chapter 11 Debtors, Christina Kormylo
Bapcpa’S Exception To The Absolute Priority Rule For Individual Chapter 11 Debtors, Christina Kormylo
Bankruptcy Research Library
(Excerpt)
Under the absolute priority rule of 11 U.S.C. § 1129(b)(2)(B)(ii), a reorganization plan that gives a junior class of creditors an interest in the estate will not be confirmed unless each senior class receives full payment or gives its consent. The absolute priority rule was amended in 2005 by the Bankruptcy Abuse Prevention and Consumer Protection Act (“BAPCPA”) by adding an exception that allows individual chapter 11 debtors to retain property included in the estate under newly added section 1115. This amendment furthers the congressional intent of allowing chapter 11 to function more like chapter 13, under which there …