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Standing And Collective Cultural Rights, Ana Filipa Vrdoljak
Standing And Collective Cultural Rights, Ana Filipa Vrdoljak
Ana Filipa Vrdoljak
The procedural question of standing has deep implications for the definition and enforcement of cultural rights. Cultural rights have individual and collective elements that can lead to several entities seeking access to justice when these rights are violated. This chapter focuses on the question of standing to explore the contours of existing cultural human rights and possible reparations flowing from their violation. It considers claims by (1) an individual member of the group who has been wronged because of their membership of the group; (2) a collective action brought by the group; and (3) a representative action on behalf of …
Cultural Heritage, Human Rights And The Privatisation Of War, Ana Filipa Vrdoljak
Cultural Heritage, Human Rights And The Privatisation Of War, Ana Filipa Vrdoljak
Ana Filipa Vrdoljak
This chapter focuses on the legal issues raised by the impact of the privatisation of war on cultural rights and cultural heritage during military engagements. It is divided into four parts. First, there is an examination of the current debate amongst heritage practitioners, particularly archaeologists and anthropologists, about their professional engagement with PMSCs in recent conflicts and belligerent occupation. Second, there is an overview of existing international humanitarian law and human rights provisions covering cultural rights and cultural heritage during armed conflict and occupation. Third, the response of professional bodies and associations of heritage practitioners through their codes of ethics …