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Fourth-Generation Environmental Law: Integrationist And Multimodal, Craig Anthony (Tony) Arnold
Fourth-Generation Environmental Law: Integrationist And Multimodal, Craig Anthony (Tony) Arnold
Craig Anthony (Tony) Arnold
Institutional arrangements to protect the environment, manage natural resources, or regulate other aspects of society and the environment are not merely matters of optimal institutional design or choice. These arrangements result, at least in substantial part, from the evolution of interconnected social, legal, and ecological systems that are complex, dynamic, and adaptive. This article makes the case that environmental law is evolving to become more integrationist and multimodal: the use of multiple modes and methods of environmental protection, often across multiple scales, but in integrated ways. Integrated multimodality is a feature of much of social life. Building on generational analyses …