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Full-Text Articles in Law
The Rise Of Planning In Industrial America, 1865-1914
The Rise Of Planning In Industrial America, 1865-1914
Richard Adelstein
How American firms grew very large after the Civil War, and how Americans responded to them.
The Relational Contingency Of Rights, Alex Stein, Gideon Parchomovsky
The Relational Contingency Of Rights, Alex Stein, Gideon Parchomovsky
Alex Stein
In this Article, we demonstrate, contrary to conventional wisdom, that all rights are relationally contingent. Our main thesis is that rights afford their holders meaningful protection only against challengers who face higher litigation costs than the rightholder. Contrariwise, challengers who can litigate more cheaply than a rightholder can force the rightholder to forfeit the right and thereby render the right ineffective. Consequently, in the real world, rights avail only against certain challengers but not others. This result is robust and pervasive. Furthermore, it obtains irrespectively of how rights and other legal entitlements are defined by the legislator or construed by …