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Full-Text Articles in Law
Turning Title Vii's Protection Against Retaliation Into A Never-Fulfilled Promise, Jessica L. Beeler
Turning Title Vii's Protection Against Retaliation Into A Never-Fulfilled Promise, Jessica L. Beeler
Golden Gate University Law Review
Part I also explains the varied standards that were previously used when deciding what constitutes an adverse employer action and how the Supreme Court's recent decision in Burlington Northern resolved a split among the circuits. In Burlington Northern, the Supreme Court adopted a deterrence test to define adverse employer actions, which means the employer action must be harmful to the point that it would deter a reasonable employee of complaining of discrimination. Part II analyzes the actual effects of this decision, focusing in particular on DeHart. It shows how DeHart misapplied the deterrence standard by focusing on whether the employer …
When Does Discrimination "Occur?": The Supreme Court's Limitation On An Employee's Ability To Challenge Discriminatory Pay Under Title Vii, Kara M. Farina
When Does Discrimination "Occur?": The Supreme Court's Limitation On An Employee's Ability To Challenge Discriminatory Pay Under Title Vii, Kara M. Farina
Golden Gate University Law Review
This Comment contends that the Court's holding in Ledbetter marks a substantial deviation from the purpose of Title VII - to rectify past and prevent future workplace discrimination and provide a remedy for economically injured employees-and thereby weakens the prohibition against discrimination in the workplace. The Court's failure to consider the hidden nature of discriminatory pay claims significantly limits employees' ability to challenge disparate pay under Title VII. This comment asserts that discrimination "occurs" with each paycheck that delivers discriminatorily low pay.
Making-Up Conditions Of Employment: The Unequal Burdens Test As A Flawed Mode Of Analysis In Jespersen V. Harrah's Operating Co., Megan Kelly
Golden Gate University Law Review
Part I of this Note reviews Title VII and foundational caselaw, including cases regarding sex discrimination and appearance standards. Part II examines the Ninth Circuit's Jespersen opinion. Part III compares the Supreme Court decision in Price Waterhouse v. Hopkins, which expanded Title VII protection to include gender stereotyping, with the Jespersen holding. Part III also explores a Seventh Circuit case, Carroll v. Talman Federal Savings and Loan Association of Chicago, and Judge Thomas's dissent in Jespersen, which both argue for inclusion of less tangible factors such as gender stereotyping in the unequal burdens test. Part III finally contends that the …
Customizing The Reasonable-Woman Standard To Fit Emotionally And Financially Disabled Plaintiffs Is Outside The Scope Of The Civil Rights Act's Prohibition On Sex-Based Discrimination: Holly D. V. California Institute Of Technology, Amanda M. Jarratt
Golden Gate University Law Review
Tailoring the reasonable-woman standard to include select disabilities is problematic because employer liability would improperly depend upon the effect that the victim's disability had on the victim's perception, instead of on the agency relationship between the supervisor and the employer. Furthermore, these subjective standards would prevent employers from successfully invoking the reasonable care defense. Using these tailored standards would also result in discriminatory treatment under the law for women who did not qualify for one of these customized standards. Finally, customized standards would sterilize American workplaces. In support of this Comment's assertions against factoring the emotional and financial difficulties of …
Expert Testimony And "Subtle Discrimination" In The Workplace: Do We Now Need A Weatherman To Know Which Way The Wind Blows?, Deborah Dyson
Expert Testimony And "Subtle Discrimination" In The Workplace: Do We Now Need A Weatherman To Know Which Way The Wind Blows?, Deborah Dyson
Golden Gate University Law Review
This Comment studies Elsayed in order to investigate these questions. The Background discussion traces the two great lines of cases whose trajectories cross in Elsayed, the Daubert v. Merrell Dow expert testimony jurisprudence under the Federal Rules of Evidence and the McDonnell Douglas v. Green line of cases establishing the "pretext" model of proof for individual employment discrimination claims under Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act. Then, turning to the opinion proper, the Analysis considers Elsayed under the following headings: (A) The Crux: The Court's Harmless-Error Determination, (B) Decoding in the Pretext Context, (C) Substituting the Mixed-Motives Regime …
Defining Employer Liability: Toward A Precise Application Of Agency Principles In Title Vii Sexual Harassment Cases, Jennifer T. Dewitt
Defining Employer Liability: Toward A Precise Application Of Agency Principles In Title Vii Sexual Harassment Cases, Jennifer T. Dewitt
Golden Gate University Law Review
This note discusses applicable principles and law in sexual harassment cases, including Title VII, Equal Employment Opportunity Commission Guidelines, agency principles, and case law that illustrate two primary approaches taken by the courts in determining the standard for employer liability. This section also discusses relevant portions of the first Supreme Court case to address sexual harassment under Title VII. Section III discusses the facts that gave rise to EIlerth's sexual harassment claims. Section IV discusses the procedural history of Ellerth's case, including the district court's decision, the decision of the Seventh Circuit panel that heard Ellerth's appeal and the en …
Remedies For Sex-Discriminatory Health And Safety Conditions In Male-Dominated Industrial Jobs, Ellen Shapiro
Remedies For Sex-Discriminatory Health And Safety Conditions In Male-Dominated Industrial Jobs, Ellen Shapiro
Golden Gate University Law Review
No abstract provided.
The 'Offer Of Judgment' Rule In Employment Discrimination Actions: A Fundamental Incompatibility, Maureen Malvern
The 'Offer Of Judgment' Rule In Employment Discrimination Actions: A Fundamental Incompatibility, Maureen Malvern
Golden Gate University Law Review
No abstract provided.
Job-Related Sexual Harassment And Union Women: What Are Their Rights?, Barbara M. White
Job-Related Sexual Harassment And Union Women: What Are Their Rights?, Barbara M. White
Golden Gate University Law Review
No abstract provided.
Sexual Harassment In The Workplace: A Practitioner's Guide To Tort Actions, Alice Montgomery
Sexual Harassment In The Workplace: A Practitioner's Guide To Tort Actions, Alice Montgomery
Golden Gate University Law Review
No abstract provided.
Sex Discrimination In Academia: Representing The Female Faculty Plaintiff, Judith A. Mazia, Nancy De Ita
Sex Discrimination In Academia: Representing The Female Faculty Plaintiff, Judith A. Mazia, Nancy De Ita
Golden Gate University Law Review
No abstract provided.