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Full-Text Articles in Law
Warren County's Legacy For Mexico's Border Maquiladoras, Amelia Simpson
Warren County's Legacy For Mexico's Border Maquiladoras, Amelia Simpson
Golden Gate University Environmental Law Journal
This Article explores the legacy of the U.S. environmental justice movement for the U.S.-Mexico border region. Part I introduces the case of Metales y Derivados, an abandoned, U.S.-owned maquiladora factory in Tijuana, Mexico, and the community’s struggle to compel cleanup of toxic waste at the site. In the context of environmental justice, Metales y Derivados illustrates a complex intersection of histories and cultures, international trade policy, and movement building. Part II discusses how racism, a defining element of the environmental justice movement, is often minimized and even denied in Latin America, despite studies documenting its persistence. Part III examines obstacles …
Warren County's Legacy For Healthy Parks, Schools And Communities: From The Cornfield To El Congreso And Beyond, Robert Garcia, Aubrey White
Warren County's Legacy For Healthy Parks, Schools And Communities: From The Cornfield To El Congreso And Beyond, Robert Garcia, Aubrey White
Golden Gate University Environmental Law Journal
This Article traces the impact of the struggle for the Cornfield on the creation of other great urban parks, resource bonds, the greening of the Los Angeles River, and evolving efforts to achieve equity in the distribution of public resources. Part II presents a vision for a comprehensive and coherent web of public spaces, including parks, school fields, rivers, beaches, mountains, and forests, that will enhance human health and economic vitality for all the people of the Southern California region, with lessons for regions across the country. Part III describes lessons learned from raising funds for parks through resource bonds. …
Warren County's Legacy For The Quest To Eliminate Health Disparities, Charles Lee
Warren County's Legacy For The Quest To Eliminate Health Disparities, Charles Lee
Golden Gate University Environmental Law Journal
At least two paradigm shifts have revolutionized the field of environmental health since Rachel Carson’s day. One occurred when environmental health encountered civil rights, forming the environmental justice movement. We are in the midst of the second, as environmental health reunited with architecture and urban planning. Significantly, these two paradigm shifts are converging. This article will examine how this convergence is taking place, and its significant implications for efforts to achieve environmental justice, community health and sustainability, and the elimination of health disparities.
Title Vi And The Warren County Protests, Bradford Mank
Title Vi And The Warren County Protests, Bradford Mank
Golden Gate University Environmental Law Journal
One part of the 1982 civil rights struggle against building a Polychlorinated Biphenyls (“PCB”) landfill in Warren County, North Carolina, was an unsuccessful suit by the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (“NAACP”) under Title VI of the 1964 Civil Rights Act . The NAACP alleged that the state of North Carolina, a recipient of United States Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA” or “the Agency”) funds, had discriminated against minorities by building the landfill in Warren County, which had the highest percentage of minorities among all the counties in the state, while ignoring several alternative suitable or superior sites …
Warren County And The Birth Of A Movement: The Troubled Marriage Between Environmentalism And Civil Rights, Veronica Eady
Warren County And The Birth Of A Movement: The Troubled Marriage Between Environmentalism And Civil Rights, Veronica Eady
Golden Gate University Environmental Law Journal
The protests at Warren County, North Carolina, in the early 1980s led to several critical, galvanizing events in the history of the environmental justice movement. This article suggests that the environmental justice movement — while often characterized as a marriage between the environmental and civil rights movements — has adopted key facets of both movements. The 1990 letter to the so-called “Big 10” marked an evolutionary point that has led the environmental justice movement to establish valuable alliances with some mainstream environmental groups. Additionally, the article suggests from a jurisprudential perspective that civil rights laws in that same period failed …
Environmental Justice Comes Full Circle: Warren County Before And After, Dollie Burwell, Luke W. Cole
Environmental Justice Comes Full Circle: Warren County Before And After, Dollie Burwell, Luke W. Cole
Golden Gate University Environmental Law Journal
This article/remembrance chronicles the Warren County struggle. It begins before the protests that thrust it into the national spotlight, examining the factors that led to the struggle in the first place. It touches on the protests themselves, and then recounts part of the Warren County story that is not well known: the ultimate detoxification of the polychlorinated biphenyls (“PCBs”) site. Finally, it examines the legacy of the Warren County struggle, both nationally and locally in the county itself. In places, it self-consciously departs from the third person to describe in first person narrative (presented in the italicized portions of the …