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Articles 1 - 25 of 25
Full-Text Articles in Law
The Ohio Supreme Court's Perverse Stance On Development Impact Fees And What To Do About It, Alan C. Weinstein
The Ohio Supreme Court's Perverse Stance On Development Impact Fees And What To Do About It, Alan C. Weinstein
Cleveland State Law Review
Ohio is among the twenty-two states that have no enabling legislation for development impact fees. But in a 2000 ruling, Homebuilders Association of Dayton and the Miami Valley v. City of Beavercreek, a divided Ohio Supreme Court ruled that municipalities could lawfully enact impact fees under their police and “home rule” powers, provided that the fees could pass constitutional muster under a “dual rational nexus test.” On May 31, 2012, however, the court ruled in Drees Company v. Hamilton Township, that a development impact fee enacted by an Ohio township with “limited home rule” powers was an unconstitutional tax. The …
Creating Diversity Jurisdiction In Removal Actions Through The Improper Use Of Federal Rule Of Civil Procedure 21: Procedural Blackjack Or Judicial Bust, Anthony Andricks
Creating Diversity Jurisdiction In Removal Actions Through The Improper Use Of Federal Rule Of Civil Procedure 21: Procedural Blackjack Or Judicial Bust, Anthony Andricks
Cleveland State Law Review
Recently, federal district courts have held that Federal Civil Rule of Procedure 21 bestows upon them the power to sever nondiverse parties or claims to create diversity jurisdiction without first finding that a party or claim is improperly joined. Severance may mean that a plaintiff who brings a state court action against multiple parties, one or more of which is not diverse, runs the risk of a federal court severing the action in a removal analysis, even where the plaintiff has committed no improper joinder of parties. Severance may leave a plaintiff with the need to conduct simultaneous suits--one in …
Masthead, Cleveland State Law Review
Table Of Contents, Cleveland State Law Review
Table Of Contents, Cleveland State Law Review
Cleveland State Law Review
No abstract provided.
The Ideological Divide: Conflict And The Supreme Court's Certiorari Decision , Emily Grant, Scott A. Hendrickson, Michael S. Lynch
The Ideological Divide: Conflict And The Supreme Court's Certiorari Decision , Emily Grant, Scott A. Hendrickson, Michael S. Lynch
Cleveland State Law Review
This Article bridges a gap in existing literature by evaluating, from an empirical perspective, the impact of conflict among the lower courts on the Supreme Court’s decision to grant or deny a petition for a writ of certiorari. Specifically, this Article looks at the political ideology of the lower courts involved in a split of authority on federal law and compares those positions to the political ideology of the Supreme Court itself. This Article concludes that the ideological content of lower court opinions in a conflict case impacts the Supreme Court’s certiorari decisions in a statistically significant way, and thus …
Access Management: Balancing Public And Private Rights In The Modern "Commons" Of The Roadway, Michael L. Stokes
Access Management: Balancing Public And Private Rights In The Modern "Commons" Of The Roadway, Michael L. Stokes
Cleveland State Law Review
This Article will begin by examining how the concept of a right of access to an abutting roadway developed and how courts treated early efforts to regulate roadway access for public welfare and safety. Next, we will see how public authorities began to comprehend the differences between mobility and land access and to perceive the conflict between traffic volume, traffic speed, and frequent driveways and intersections. This new knowledge led to the adoption of statewide permit-based programs to manage access to roadways using criteria calibrated to match each road’s function in the continuum between access and mobility. We will identify …
Looking Beyond The Bang For More Bucks: A Legislative Gift To Fund Wildlife Conservation On Its 75th Anniversary, Katie Spidalieri
Looking Beyond The Bang For More Bucks: A Legislative Gift To Fund Wildlife Conservation On Its 75th Anniversary, Katie Spidalieri
Cleveland State Law Review
The concept of hunter-supported wildlife conservation behind the Pittman-Robertson Act has been termed the North American Model of Wildlife Conservation. Since 1937, the Pittman-Robertson Act and this unique Model have been recognized as “the oldest and most successful wildlife management program in the nation’s history."This Note will argue that the government’s historical preoccupation with hunting overlooks the potential to extend the Model’s reach to the great outdoor industry prevalent in America. Specifically, the Model can be resuscitated if additional categories of outdoorsmen, like campers, hikers, and birdwatchers, are included as financial stakeholders in wildlife conservation. To broaden the conservation tax …
The Distorted Reality Of Civil Recourse Theory , Alan Calnan
The Distorted Reality Of Civil Recourse Theory , Alan Calnan
Cleveland State Law Review
In their recent article Torts as Wrongs, Professors John C.P. Goldberg and Benjamin C. Zipursky offer their most complete and accessible explanation of the civil recourse theory (CRT) of tort law. A purely descriptive account, CRT holds that tort law is exclusively a scheme of private rights for the redress of legal wrongs and is not a pragmatic mechanism for imposing strict liability or implementing public policy. The present paper challenges this view by revealing critical errors in its perspective, methodology, and analysis. It shows that Goldberg and Zipursky do not objectively observe tort law and uncritically report what they …
The Civil False Claims Act And Its Unreasonably Broad Scope Of Liability: The Need For Real "Clarifications" Following The Fraud Enforcement And Recovery Act Of 2009, Ryan Winkler
Cleveland State Law Review
This Note analyzes Congress's most recent attempts to recover fraudulently secured government funds through its modifications of the False Claims Act ("FCA"), and concludes that an amendment to the Act is necessary. To begin, Part II.A. presents a brief historical tracking of the FCA, including the original FCA of 1863, and the critical amendments through 1986. Part II.B. explores relevant interpretations by the courts that established the landscape of false claims litigation prior to the Fraud Enforcement and Recovery Act of 2009 ("FERA"), including Allison Engine v. United States ex. rel. Sanders, in which the United States Supreme Court reversed …
An Environmental Law Even Judge Learned Hand Would Violate: Ohio Epa Needs Non-Monetary Penalties To Enforce Construction Npdes Permits, David Emerman
An Environmental Law Even Judge Learned Hand Would Violate: Ohio Epa Needs Non-Monetary Penalties To Enforce Construction Npdes Permits, David Emerman
Cleveland State Law Review
The Ohio EPA regulates construction sites by issuing NPDES permits that impose restrictions on the discharge of stormwater. Construction sites, however, have little incentive to follow these requirements. For many construction sites, it is more economical to be out of compliance and risk an unlikely fine than to comply with the permit. When these construction sites are out of compliance, stormwater runoff carries sediment into waterways and adversely affects water quality. In negligence torts, the Learned Hand Formula is used to determine what a reasonable person would do. The Learned Hand Formula, when applied to what an economically reasonable construction …
Recentering Foreign Affairs Preemption In Arizona V. United States: Federal Plenary Power, The Spheres Of Government, And The Constitutionality Of S.B. 1070, Patrick J. Charles
Recentering Foreign Affairs Preemption In Arizona V. United States: Federal Plenary Power, The Spheres Of Government, And The Constitutionality Of S.B. 1070, Patrick J. Charles
Cleveland State Law Review
Is foreign affairs preemption concerning immigration an all or nothing approach as the different lower courts and immigration scholars contend? The purpose of this article is to answer this question by recentering foreign affairs preemption in accordance with constitutional intent, an objective reading of Supreme Court precedent, and then reassembling the whole into a workable doctrine. This article will accomplish this in three parts. First, this article provides a brief examination of the plenary power doctrine over immigration, and its constructs according to the Founders' Constitution. This inquiry provides federal courts with the historical guideposts necessary to adjudicate foreign affairs …
The Politicization Of Judicial Elections And Its Effect On Judicial Independence, Matthew W. Green Jr., Susan J. Becker, Marsha K. Ternus, Camilla B. Taylor
The Politicization Of Judicial Elections And Its Effect On Judicial Independence, Matthew W. Green Jr., Susan J. Becker, Marsha K. Ternus, Camilla B. Taylor
Cleveland State Law Review
This article presents the proceedings of the Cleveland-Marshall College of Law Symposium, The Politicization of Judicial Elections and Its Effect on Judicial Independence and LGBT Rights, held October 21, 2011. The idea for the conference stemmed from the November 2010 Iowa judicial election, in which three justices were voted out of office as a result of joining a unanimous ruling, Varnum v. Brien, that struck down, on equal protection grounds, a state statute limiting marriage rights to heterosexual couples. The conference addresses whether the backlash that occurred in Iowa after the Varnum decision might undermine judicial independence in jurisdictions where …
The Faces Of The Second Amendment Outside The Home: History Versus Ahistorical Standards Of Review, Patrick J. Charles
The Faces Of The Second Amendment Outside The Home: History Versus Ahistorical Standards Of Review, Patrick J. Charles
Cleveland State Law Review
This article disagrees that the courts need to reinvent or recast the Second Amendment outside the home to reflect its “fundamental” status as recognized in Heller and McDonald. The history of public arms regulation already provides significant guideposts for the courts to adjudicate the right to “keep and bear arms” in public. To accomplish this, it requires placing history in context and not letting mythical interpretations or historical assumptions to permeate.Thus, this article begins by decoding the public carrying of arms as the founding generation would have understood it. It provides substantiating historical evidence that counters the mythical meanings of …
Tort, Moral Luck, And Blame, Christopher Jackson
Tort, Moral Luck, And Blame, Christopher Jackson
Cleveland State Law Review
For the last several decades, academics have been fighting over what we might think of as the soul of tort law. Law & economic theorists contend that tort is about the efficient allocation of the costs of accidents; traditionalists view tort as a law of wrongs and redress. A common criticism wielded against the traditionalists is the problem of moral luck: It is a bedrock principle of morality that you can only be responsible for that which is under your control. But in many cases, whether and how much a plaintiff recovers against a defendant will turn entirely on factors …
Ripple Effects: The Unintended Change To Jurisdictional Pleading Standards After Iqbal, James E. Von Der Heydt
Ripple Effects: The Unintended Change To Jurisdictional Pleading Standards After Iqbal, James E. Von Der Heydt
Cleveland State Law Review
This Note describes a little-observed ripple effect of the new pleading standard announced in Iqbal, the antiterrorism case whose holding swept broadly and changed the ground rules for considering allegations in so-called 12(b)(6) motions for all civil cases. This Note examines the interplay between the Twombly/Iqbal doctrine and federal courts’ practical approach to subject-matter jurisdiction. Part II describes the background jurisprudence on subject-matter jurisdiction, including the sharp line the Supreme Court has consistently re-drawn between claims lacking merit and those lacking jurisdictional basis, from Bell v. Hood through Arbaugh v. Y & H Corp. The consistent theme of this jurisprudence …
Standing On Holy Ground: How Rethinking Justiciability Might Bring Peace To The Establishment Clause, John M. Bickers
Standing On Holy Ground: How Rethinking Justiciability Might Bring Peace To The Establishment Clause, John M. Bickers
Cleveland State Law Review
The Establishment Clause is home to both procedural and substantive disorder. Particularly when evaluating religious speech by the government, the Supreme Court has applied a number of distinct tests, with varying degrees of strictness. There has never been an overarching principle for determining which test would appear at which time; commentators, and occasionally the Justices themselves, have suspected that desired results drove the choice of tests. At the same time, the Court has articulated a series of requirements necessary for a plaintiff to have standing to challenge government action, only to ignore them in government religious speech cases. The resulting …
Resolving The Post-Begay Maelstrom Statutory Rape As A Violent Felony Under The Armed Career Criminal Act, Sarena M. Holder
Resolving The Post-Begay Maelstrom Statutory Rape As A Violent Felony Under The Armed Career Criminal Act, Sarena M. Holder
Cleveland State Law Review
The Armed Career Criminal Act ("ACCA"), enacted in 1984, mandates a minimum fifteen-year sentence for defendants who unlawfully possess a firearm and who also have three prior convictions for violent felonies and/or serious drug offenses. Since its inception, the ACCA has presented a weighty problem: what constitutes a "violent" felony? The United States Supreme Court has made an effort to allay the confusion, most recently in its decision in Begay v. United States, requiring that violent felonies be purposefully violent or aggressive. This Note questions the reasoning of circuit courts that have disallowed statutory rape as a violent felony post-Begay, …
Erratum, Cleveland State Law Review
The Consequences Of Repealing Health Care Reform In Early 2013 , J. Angelo Desantis, Gabriel Ravel
The Consequences Of Repealing Health Care Reform In Early 2013 , J. Angelo Desantis, Gabriel Ravel
Cleveland State Law Review
This Article evaluates the consequences of an early 2013 repeal of the enacted Health Care Reform. We consider the Act's significant provisions that will have taken effect by 2013. For implemented provisions, we review their current effect on coverage, costs, and care. We then evaluate the practical consequence of the loss of those provisions. For provisions that have not yet taken effect, but will before 2013, we evaluate their projected effects in considering the consequences of repeal. Finally, for provisions that will not take effect before 2014, but where significant funds and effort will be expended prior to 2014, we …
From The Bench To The Screen: The Woman Judge In Film, Laura Krugman Ray
From The Bench To The Screen: The Woman Judge In Film, Laura Krugman Ray
Cleveland State Law Review
Although there has been a dramatic increase in the number of women judges over the past half century, their cinematic counterparts have failed to reflect that change. This Article explores the paradoxical relationship between social reality and its representation on screen to identify a lingering resistance to the idea of women exercising judicial power. The Article first examines the sparse history of women judges as central characters in films of the 1930s, finding the tension in those films between judicial authority and domestic happiness. It then turns to Hollywood’s romantic comedies of the 1940s, which resolved that tension through the …
State Constitutional Prohibitions On Special Laws , Justin R. Long
State Constitutional Prohibitions On Special Laws , Justin R. Long
Cleveland State Law Review
Since the nineteenth century, most states have had constitutional clauses prohibiting “special laws.” These clauses were ratified to protect the people of each state from domination by narrow economic elites, who would use their economic power to win grants of privilege from the state legislatures. To fight the corrupt favors garnered by private interests in this way, state constitutional drafters wrote clauses requiring their legislatures to pass only “general laws” that would apply equally to all members of the regulated class. For a brief period, these clauses were enforced in the courts—but more to protect economic elites than the democratic …
The Cincinnati Environmental Justice Ordinance: Proposing A New Model For Environmental Justice Regulations By The States, Jeannette De Guire
The Cincinnati Environmental Justice Ordinance: Proposing A New Model For Environmental Justice Regulations By The States, Jeannette De Guire
Cleveland State Law Review
The majority of environmental justice policies today exist as extremely decentralized municipal ordinances or as extremely centralized government agency strategies. Each system of regulation presents distinct advantages. Therefore, an analysis of the City of Cincinnati Environmental Justice Ordinance within the context of the ongoing debate between the benefits of centralized versus decentralized environmental regulations (the centralization-decentralization debate) examines the advantages of each scheme of regulations more extensively. However, each argument in favor of one type of regulation represents a disadvantage of the other, so this Note argues that by implementing environmental justice regulations at the state level, with the Cincinnati …
Constitutional Cases And The Four Cardinal Virtues, R. George Wright
Constitutional Cases And The Four Cardinal Virtues, R. George Wright
Cleveland State Law Review
In addressing constitutional cases, judges face no shortage of legal rules, tests, principles, doctrines, and policies upon which to draw. In those cases, the challenge is assumed to be to identify and apply the most relevant such legal rules, tests, principles, doctrines, and policies. An accompanying judicial opinion tries to articulate this process, partly to legitimize the outcome, partly to provide guidance, and perhaps partly for purposes of civic education and inspiration. This Article recommends a somewhat different approach to constitutional adjudication. Specifically, this Article recommends supplementing the above standard forms of constitutional adjudication with appropriate and legitimate attention to …
End Of An Error: Replacing Manifest Disregard With A New Framework For Reviewing Arbitration Awards, The, Kenneth R. Davis
End Of An Error: Replacing Manifest Disregard With A New Framework For Reviewing Arbitration Awards, The, Kenneth R. Davis
Cleveland State Law Review
Guided by the purposes of the FAA, its legislative history, and the role of commercial arbitration in modern society, this Article proposes a new framework for the judicial review of arbitration awards. Awards deciding federal statutory rights such as those conferred by securities law and civil rights law should be reviewed for errors of law. As recognized in Wilko and McMahon, federal rights deserve protection, even in arbitration. There is one other type of award that requires judicial correction. Despite the statements in Hall Street and Concepcion that the FAA provides the exclusive grounds for vacatur, the courts must correct …
The Adam Walsh Child Protection And Safety Act: Legal And Psychological Aspects Of The New Civil Commitment Law For Federal Civil Commitment Law For Federal Sex Offenders , John Fabian
Cleveland State Law Review
The Adam Walsh Act (AWA) became law on July 27, 2006, and is the most expansive and punitive sex offender law ever initiated by the federal government. One aspect of the statute, and the topic of this article, is the civil commitment of federal sex offenders. The AWA civil commitment law has its roots in prior U.S. Supreme Court cases including Kansas v. Hendricks and Kansas v. Crane. While the federal commitment statute is similar to traditional state commitment laws, the AWA does not provide for a finding of "likely" to commit sex offenses. Rather, the statute defines a "sexually …