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Leopold & Morel: A Story Of ‘Free Trade’ And ‘Native Rights’ In The Congo Free State, Padideh Ala'i
Leopold & Morel: A Story Of ‘Free Trade’ And ‘Native Rights’ In The Congo Free State, Padideh Ala'i
Working Papers
This article explores the role of the doctrine of free trade in the creation of the Congo State in 1885 and the relationship between free trade and native rights with respect to the subsequent campaign to reform the colonial administration of the Congo State. On one hand, King Leopold II of Belgium successfully used the rhetoric of free trade and native rights to camouflage his personal ambitions in Africa. He set up international associations with the stated aim of "exploring and civilizing Africa" through "legitimate trade" and "suppression of the slave trade", Leopold convinced the major European powers and the …
Operational Policies And Procedures And An Ombudsman, Daniel D. Bradlow
Operational Policies And Procedures And An Ombudsman, Daniel D. Bradlow
Working Papers
This paper is about the problems with the administrative practices and procedures in the IMF. It argues that currently the IMF lacks administrative practices and procedures that are consistent with the requirements of good governance. There are 2 requirements for such administrative practices and procedures. The first is clearly articulated and publicly available standards that guide IMF staff in their work and that other stakeholders can utilize in measuring the performance of IMF staff. These standards should set out both the substantive and procedural requirements applicable to the operations of the IMF. The second is a mechanism through which IMF …