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Articles 1 - 20 of 20
Full-Text Articles in Law
Pooling And Exchanging Competitively Sensitive Information Among Rivals: Absolutely Illegal Not Just Unreasonable, Peter C. Carstensen, Annkathrin Marschall
Pooling And Exchanging Competitively Sensitive Information Among Rivals: Absolutely Illegal Not Just Unreasonable, Peter C. Carstensen, Annkathrin Marschall
University of Cincinnati Law Review
An agreement to exchange competitive sensitive information among rivalrous competitors usually results from an intent to inhibit or restrict the discretion of those firms to engage in competition. Basic economic logic about competition leads to that conclusion. Hence, such an exchange is in itself a naked agreement in restraint of trade without legal justification. Currently, case law requires a more convoluted and irrelevant inquiry into market definition and market power before a court can condemn such agreements. This is the result of ambiguous Supreme Court decisions as well as the recognition that in a few instances there are plausible arguments …
Our Changing Reality: The Metaverse And The Importance Of Privacy Regulations In The United States, Anushkay Raza
Our Changing Reality: The Metaverse And The Importance Of Privacy Regulations In The United States, Anushkay Raza
Global Business Law Review
This Note discusses the legal and pressing digital challenges that arise in connection with the growing use of virtual reality, and more specifically, the metaverse. As this digital realm becomes more integrated into our daily lives, the United States should look towards creating a federal privacy law that protects fundamental individual privacy rights. This Note argues that congress should emulate the European Union's privacy regulations, and further, balances the potential consequences and benefits of adapting European regulations within the United Sates. Finally, this Note provides drafting considerations of future lawyers who will not only be dealing with the rise of …
Press Freedom Under Threat In Europe: Slapps And Democracy, Maya Oleary-Cyr
Press Freedom Under Threat In Europe: Slapps And Democracy, Maya Oleary-Cyr
Claremont-UC Undergraduate Research Conference on the European Union
This paper critically examines the legal systems of European countries and their relationship to press freedom, particularly the vexatious legal threats used by government officials and corporations to silence journalists. These legal threats are known as SLAPPs (strategic lawsuits against public participation) and their use has increased exponentially in the last decade. Although the issue is global, this research analyzes the issue through the lens of Greece, Italy, and Hungary. As member states, each one of these countries has an obligation to uphold the democratic standards put forth by the EU. Journalists are a vital aspect of the democratic process …
Attaining The Right To Environment Through Environmental Impact Assessment, Umair Saleem
Attaining The Right To Environment Through Environmental Impact Assessment, Umair Saleem
Dissertations & Theses
The thesis discusses the interconnection between the right to environment and environmental impact assessment (EIA), elaborating their depth and collective potential to effectively address most – if not all – of the complex and interconnected environmental challenges.
Firstly, the thesis explores the evolution of the environmental laws from the year 1900 and provides a unifying synthesis of the diverse environmental components, obligations, rights, and principles within international, regional, and national environmental laws. Secondly, it identifies the right to environment as a unifying and holistic right that integrates these environmental concepts and encapsulates comprehensive environmental protection. Thirdly, it provides a comparison …
Direct To Consumer Or Direct To All: Home Dna Tests And Lack Of Privacy Regulations In The United States, Karen J. Kukla
Direct To Consumer Or Direct To All: Home Dna Tests And Lack Of Privacy Regulations In The United States, Karen J. Kukla
IP Theory
Although the U.S. has some measures of privacy protection for genetic data, the lack of a comprehensive approach to protecting direct-to-consumer genetic testing results in privacy violations for both consumers and their relatives. This essay explores the critical need for the U.S. government to address these privacy violations and argues that the U.S. should approach the problem and strategize a solution similar to the European Union’s (EU) General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). Part I identifies current United States law, both federal and state regulations that address DTC-GT and genetic privacy. Part II examines the lack of regulation surrounding current DTC-GT …
The Use Of Arbitration Clauses By Social Media Websites: A Critique, Kavya Jha, Ananya Singh
The Use Of Arbitration Clauses By Social Media Websites: A Critique, Kavya Jha, Ananya Singh
Pepperdine Dispute Resolution Law Journal
The arbitration clauses contained in the Terms of Services (ToS) of most social media websites mandate arbitration and the waiver of class arbitration.1 In light of this reality, this article seeks to analyze the legal position with respect to mandatory arbitration and class arbitration waiver in the United States, India, and European Union (EU). It compares and juxtaposes the respective positions in these three jurisdictions to find that whereas the United States has been pro-arbitration to the extent of being detrimental to consumer interest, India has adopted an overly protectionist approach, while the EU has adopted an effective model to …
The Reluctant Lawmaker. The European Union And The Regulation Of Gambling Between The Principle Of Free Circulation Of Services And Member States Prerogatives, Nadia Coggiola Ph.D
The Reluctant Lawmaker. The European Union And The Regulation Of Gambling Between The Principle Of Free Circulation Of Services And Member States Prerogatives, Nadia Coggiola Ph.D
International Conference on Gambling & Risk Taking
Abstract
Although the European Union legislator is generally very keen to rely primarily and sometimes even exclusively on economic considerations, and therefore to generally protect consumers’ interests, this attitude is largely different when gambling issues are a stake.
In fact, even if it is generally undisputed, also by the same European Union legislator, that authorized gambling contracts are to be considered as consumers’ contracts, when facing the regulation of gambling contracts, the European Union often restrains from using all of its legislative powers.
As a consequence, the European legislation on consumer’s contracts generally explicitly exclude from its application gambling contracts, …
Hungary, Poland, And Access To Eu Funding: The Eu Charts A New Course Under The Necessity Of Legislation, Conditionality, And The Rule Of Law., Blake S. Rutherford
Hungary, Poland, And Access To Eu Funding: The Eu Charts A New Course Under The Necessity Of Legislation, Conditionality, And The Rule Of Law., Blake S. Rutherford
University of Miami International and Comparative Law Review
In recent years, there has been considerable backsliding in Hungary and Poland regarding the rule of law, media plurality, judicial independence, and emergency powers. In response, the European Union (“EU”) exercised its authority under Article 7 of the Treaty of the Functioning of the European Union to withhold COVID-19 relief funds in an effort to compel these nations to realign with EU principles. This article examines the history, consequence, and legal effect of the landmark decision, Hungary v. Parliament and Council. It argues that the EU was on sound legal footing to utilize money as a means to protect …
Transferred Emissions Are Still Emissions: Why Fossil Fuel Asset Sales Need Enhanced Transparency And Carbon Accounting, Jack Arnold, Martin Lockman, Perrine Toledano, Martin Dietrich Brauch, Shraman Sen, Michael Burger
Transferred Emissions Are Still Emissions: Why Fossil Fuel Asset Sales Need Enhanced Transparency And Carbon Accounting, Jack Arnold, Martin Lockman, Perrine Toledano, Martin Dietrich Brauch, Shraman Sen, Michael Burger
Columbia Center on Sustainable Investment
In a widely reported trend, the “Oil Supermajors” — BP, Chevron, ConocoPhillips, Eni, ExxonMobil, Shell, and TotalEnergies — are selling off many upstream fossil fuel assets.
Selling these assets to entities that will continue producing and selling the fossil fuel resources does not necessarily reduce greenhouse gas emissions, but the supermajors have used these asset sales to support claims that they are making progress toward reaching net-zero greenhouse gas emissions.
Emissions reporting frameworks allow companies to conflate the apparent emissions reductions from asset sales with direct reductions from efficiency improvements and asset retirements. In doing so, they hinder the ability …
Privacy Is Not Dead: Expressively Using Law To Push Back Against Corporate Deregulators And Meaningfully Protect Data Privacy Rights, Alexander F. Krupp
Privacy Is Not Dead: Expressively Using Law To Push Back Against Corporate Deregulators And Meaningfully Protect Data Privacy Rights, Alexander F. Krupp
Georgia Law Review
When the European Union’s (EU) General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) passed in 2016, it represented the world’s first major comprehensive data privacy law and kicked off a conversation about how we think about the right to privacy in the modern age. The law granted a broad range of rights to EU citizens, including a right to have companies delete data they collect about you, a right not to have your personal information sold, and a range of other rights all geared towards individual autonomy over personal data. All the while, platform companies like Facebook (Meta), Apple, and Amazon have taken …
The Right To Data Encryption, Steven W. Schlesinger, Dr. Shlomit Yanisky-Ravid
The Right To Data Encryption, Steven W. Schlesinger, Dr. Shlomit Yanisky-Ravid
San Diego Law Review
Technology drives our society, and we are data-dependent as a people. Though the legal system in the United States lacks neither basic protections nor methods to address data protection-related issues, this Article proposes an essential and more robust alternative.
This Article introduces the prevalence and reliance on data and stored information, noting the growing need for a better balance between enabling users’ ability to access encryption tools and the threats and concerns from a governmental perspective for malicious use of encryption tools for criminal and terror purposes.
The Article first recounts a brief history of encryption, focusing on its growing …
Sustainability In Public Procurement, Corporate Law And Higher Education (Introduction), Paolo Davide Farah
Sustainability In Public Procurement, Corporate Law And Higher Education (Introduction), Paolo Davide Farah
Book Chapters
Lela Mélon’s edited collection brings a fresh perspective to the intricate relationship between corporations and sustainability. The book focuses on the role of state actors in boosting environmental protection and the increasing importance of state awareness on environmental crises. Whether it is procurement, or education or corporate governance, we are witnessing a proactive stance of the state that is balancing economic growth with ecological concerns. The difficulties faced in forcing a particular conduct in the private sphere is reviewed in detail in the book, along with national laws and regulations that, rather than promoting environmental protection, have had the opposite …
Achieving A (Copy)Right To Repair For The Eu’S Green Economy, Anthony D. Rosborough, Leanne Wiseman, Taina Pihlajarinne
Achieving A (Copy)Right To Repair For The Eu’S Green Economy, Anthony D. Rosborough, Leanne Wiseman, Taina Pihlajarinne
Articles, Book Chapters, & Popular Press
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The Right to Repair is a global movement in favour of rebalancing the relationship between manufacturers and end users of products and devices. As part of the European Union (EU) Green Deal and the Circular Economy Action Plan, EU legislators have made the Right to Repair a key policy aim. To date, however, the EU’s Right to Repair policy focus has been predominantly consumer law–oriented.
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This article sheds light on another key dimension of the Right to Repair—IP (and principally copyright law). It canvasses the ways in which copyright can inhibit repair activities, including curtailing access to repair information and …
The Values-Based Trade Agenda, Fernanda Giorgia Nicola Dr., Michelle Egan
The Values-Based Trade Agenda, Fernanda Giorgia Nicola Dr., Michelle Egan
Articles in Law Reviews & Other Academic Journals
With the increasing trade tensions between the United States and China, pressures created by Brexit, and the COVID-19 pandemic, most trade scholars have focused on rising protectionism exhibited through defensive strategies such as tariffs and export controls. However, this focus ignores the fundamental shift in international trade goals of the United States and the European Union towards a values-based trade agenda.
Instead of merely focusing on free trade based on efficiency and market access, trade regulators on both sides of the Atlantic have independently pursued measures designed to address environmental sustainability and social equity. These policies resonate with their domestic …
Post-Conflict Reconciliation In Ukraine, Elena Baylis
Post-Conflict Reconciliation In Ukraine, Elena Baylis
Articles
Reconciliation mechanisms should be a core component of transitional justice in Ukraine. The nature of this conflict as a war justified by claims about history, identity, and legitimacy suggests that there will be a need for post-war reconciliation initiatives. Such reconciliation measures would be intended to enable Ukraine’s Russian, Ukrainian, and other communities to live together constructively within the same state. The goals of social reconciliation also converge with Ukraine’s long-term, political aims vis-à-vis both Russia and the European Union. This paper addresses three types of reconciliation measures that are important for post-conflict Ukraine. Instrumental mechanisms to engage post-conflict social …
Against Imperial Arbitrators: The Brilliance Of Canada's New Model Investment Treaty, Charles H. Brower Ii
Against Imperial Arbitrators: The Brilliance Of Canada's New Model Investment Treaty, Charles H. Brower Ii
FIU Law Review
Investment treaty arbitration has become politically “toxic” even in states that pioneered the development of investment treaties. There is consensus on the need for reform. But there is a dearth of historical research on what went wrong with investment treaties, when it happened, or how to find the way forward in light of the past. As a result, reform efforts have a stumbling quality. One can see this in multilateral fora, such as the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL), where over four years of study and negotiations have produced little consensus. One can also see it in …
Privacy Discussion Forum: Introduction, Russell L. Weaver
Privacy Discussion Forum: Introduction, Russell L. Weaver
FIU Law Review
No abstract provided.
Supervision Of Artificial Intelligence In The Eu And The Protection Of Privacy, Johanna Chamberlain, Jane Reichel
Supervision Of Artificial Intelligence In The Eu And The Protection Of Privacy, Johanna Chamberlain, Jane Reichel
FIU Law Review
No abstract provided.
Calculated Privacy: Tech Meets Law & Law Meets Tech, Tobias J. Oechtering, Sara Saeidian, Cecilia Magnusson Sjöberg
Calculated Privacy: Tech Meets Law & Law Meets Tech, Tobias J. Oechtering, Sara Saeidian, Cecilia Magnusson Sjöberg
FIU Law Review
No abstract provided.
Jurisdiction Over Non-Eu Defendants: The Brussels I Article 79 Review, Ronald A. Brand
Jurisdiction Over Non-Eu Defendants: The Brussels I Article 79 Review, Ronald A. Brand
Book Chapters
When the original EU Brussels I Regulation on Jurisdiction and the Recognition of Judgments was “recast” in 2011, the Commission recommended that the application of its direct jurisdiction rules apply to all defendants in Member State courts, and not just to defendants from other Member States. This approach was not adopted, but set for reconsideration through Article 79 of the Brussels I (Recast) Regulation, which requires that the European Commission report in 2022 on the possible application of the direct jurisdiction rules of the Regulation to all defendants. Without such a change, the Recast Regulation continues to allow each Member …