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Articles 1 - 30 of 47
Full-Text Articles in Law
Double Jeopardy, The Federal Sentencing Guidelines, And The Subsequent-Prosecution Dilemma, Elizabeth T. Lear
Double Jeopardy, The Federal Sentencing Guidelines, And The Subsequent-Prosecution Dilemma, Elizabeth T. Lear
Elizabeth T Lear
The choice to embrace a real-offense regime probably constitutes the single most controversial decision made by the Federal Sentencing Commission in drafting the Federal Sentencing Guidelines ("Guidelines"). Real-offense sentencing bases punishment on a defendant's actual conduct as opposed to the offense of conviction. The Guidelines sweep a variety of factors into the sentencing inquiry, including criminal offenses for which no conviction has been obtained. Under the Guidelines, therefore, prosecutorial charging decisions and even verdicts of acquittal after jury trial may have little impact at sentencing.
Long before the adoption of the Guidelines, courts bent on rationalizing the real-offense regime devised …
Is Conviction Irrelevant?, Elizabeth T. Lear
Is Conviction Irrelevant?, Elizabeth T. Lear
Elizabeth T Lear
Since 1986, the country has been witness to a revolution in federal sentencing practice: indeterminate sentencing, dominated by discretion and focused on the rehabilitative prospects of the offender, has been replaced by guidelines infused with offense-based considerations. As sweeping as the change in sentencing procedure has been, the system retains troubling aspects of the former regime. The most controversial among these is the Guidelines' reliance on unadjudicated conduct to determine proper punishment levels. This approach is a variation on “real offense” sentencing, which severs the punishment inquiry from the offense of conviction, focusing instead on an offender's "actual" conduct. Under …
Decriminalization, Police Authority, And Routine Traffic Stops, Jordan Woods
Decriminalization, Police Authority, And Routine Traffic Stops, Jordan Woods
Jordan Blair Woods
Positively Punitive: How The Inventor Of Scientific Criminology Who Died At The Beginning Of The Twentieth Century Continues To Haunt American Crime Control At The Beginning Of The Twenty-First, Jonathan Simon
Jonathan S Simon
The article presents a historical interpretation of changes in the penal system of the U.S. Penology is linked with incarceration rate outcomes. Rhetoric is considered in consistency with penalty themes and rehabilitation. The practice of positivist criminology is reflected when proponents viewed themselves as opposition to legal officials' crime control policy ideas.
Governing Through Crime Metaphors, Jonathan Simon
Governing Through Crime Metaphors, Jonathan Simon
Jonathan S Simon
No abstract provided.
The New Penology: Notes On The Emerging Strategy Of Corrections And Its Implications, Malcolm M. Feeley, Jonathan Simon
The New Penology: Notes On The Emerging Strategy Of Corrections And Its Implications, Malcolm M. Feeley, Jonathan Simon
Jonathan S Simon
The new penology argues that an important new language of penology is emerging. This new language, which has its counterparts in other areas of the law as well, shifts focus away from the traditional concerns of the criminal law and criminology, which have focused on the individual, and redirects it to actuarial consideration of aggregates. This shift has a number of important implications: It facilitates development of a vision or model of a new type of criminal process that embraces increased reliance on imprisonment and that merges concerns for surveillance and custody, that shifts away from a concern with punishing …
Megan's Law: Crime And Democracy In Late Modern America, Jonathan Simon
Megan's Law: Crime And Democracy In Late Modern America, Jonathan Simon
Jonathan S Simon
Deals with a study which explored the complex entanglements of democracy and governing through crime in the United States. Discussion on crime control as an integral part of democratic penal traditions; How the embedding of governing through crime into the new regime of liberal governance took shape in the country; Details on the adoption of `Megan's Law.'
Teaching Criminal Law In An Era Of Governing Through Crime, Jonathan Simon
Teaching Criminal Law In An Era Of Governing Through Crime, Jonathan Simon
Jonathan S Simon
No abstract provided.
Tortured Prosecuting: Closing The Gap In Virginia's Criminal Code By Adding A Torture Statute, Christopher G. Browne
Tortured Prosecuting: Closing The Gap In Virginia's Criminal Code By Adding A Torture Statute, Christopher G. Browne
William & Mary Law Review
No abstract provided.
Response To Commentators, Michelle Dempsey
Response To Commentators, Michelle Dempsey
Michelle Madden Dempsey
This short essay responds to commentators who generously contributed to Criminal Law & Philosophy’s symposium on my book, PROSECUTING DOMESTIC VIOLENCE (Oxford University Press 2009)
Forced Decryption As Equilibrium—Why It’S Constitutional And How Riley Matters, Dan Terzian
Forced Decryption As Equilibrium—Why It’S Constitutional And How Riley Matters, Dan Terzian
NULR Online
No abstract provided.
Section 6: Criminal, Institute Of Bill Of Rights Law, William & Mary Law School
Section 6: Criminal, Institute Of Bill Of Rights Law, William & Mary Law School
Supreme Court Preview
No abstract provided.
Distinguishing Between Procedural And Substantive Rules For Purposes Of Retroactivity On Collateral Review, Ryan C. Grover
Distinguishing Between Procedural And Substantive Rules For Purposes Of Retroactivity On Collateral Review, Ryan C. Grover
South Carolina Law Review
No abstract provided.
On The Effectiveness Of Private Security Guards On Board Merchant Ships Off The Coast Of Somalia -- Where Is The Piracy? What Are The Legal Ramifications?, Barry H. Dubner, Claudia Pastorius
On The Effectiveness Of Private Security Guards On Board Merchant Ships Off The Coast Of Somalia -- Where Is The Piracy? What Are The Legal Ramifications?, Barry H. Dubner, Claudia Pastorius
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Brief Of Amici Curiae -- Heien V. State Of North Carolina, Charles E. Maclean, Adam Lamparello
Brief Of Amici Curiae -- Heien V. State Of North Carolina, Charles E. Maclean, Adam Lamparello
Adam Lamparello
Reasonable suspicion of unlawful activity cannot be predicated on conduct that does not violate the law. Put differently, if reasonableness — or reasonable suspicion — is to mean anything, it means that apparent violations of the law must be based on actual violations of the law. The North Carolina Supreme Court’s decision sends a message to drivers throughout the country that they cannot be wrong about what the law requires, even where law enforcement is wrong — dead wrong — about what the law proscribes.
Appellate Division, Fourth Department, People V. Mcfarley, Erica R. Borgese
Appellate Division, Fourth Department, People V. Mcfarley, Erica R. Borgese
Touro Law Review
No abstract provided.
Choice Of Counsel And The Appearance Of Equal Justice Under Law, Wesley M. Oliver
Choice Of Counsel And The Appearance Of Equal Justice Under Law, Wesley M. Oliver
NULR Online
No abstract provided.
Officious Intermeddling Or Protected First Amendment Activity? The Constitutionality Of Prohibitory Champerty Law After Citizens United, Bradley C. Tobias
Officious Intermeddling Or Protected First Amendment Activity? The Constitutionality Of Prohibitory Champerty Law After Citizens United, Bradley C. Tobias
William & Mary Bill of Rights Journal
No abstract provided.
Modern Criminal Law Of Australia By Jeremy Gans, Jodie O'Leary, Elizabeth Greene
Modern Criminal Law Of Australia By Jeremy Gans, Jodie O'Leary, Elizabeth Greene
Jodie O'Leary
No abstract provided.
Neurotechnologies At The Intersection Of Criminal Procedure And Constitutional Law, Amanda C. Pustilnik
Neurotechnologies At The Intersection Of Criminal Procedure And Constitutional Law, Amanda C. Pustilnik
Amanda C Pustilnik
The rapid development of neurotechnologies poses novel constitutional issues for criminal law and criminal procedure. These technologies can identify directly from brain waves whether a person is familiar with a stimulus like a face or a weapon, can model blood flow in the brain to indicate whether a person is lying, and can even interfere with brain processes themselves via high-powered magnets to cause a person to be less likely to lie to an investigator. These technologies implicate the constitutional privilege against compelled, self-incriminating speech under the Fifth Amendment and the right to be free of unreasonable search and seizure …
Corrections For Racial Disparities In Law Enforcement, Christopher L. Griffin Jr., Frank A. Sloan, Lindsey M. Eldred
Corrections For Racial Disparities In Law Enforcement, Christopher L. Griffin Jr., Frank A. Sloan, Lindsey M. Eldred
William & Mary Law Review
Much empirical analysis has documented racial disparities at the beginning and end stages of criminal cases. However, our understanding about the perpetuation of—and even corrections for—differential outcomes in the process remains less than complete. This Article provides a comprehensive examination of criminal dispositions using all DWI cases in North Carolina from 2001 to 2011, focusing on several major decision points in the process. Starting with pretrial hearings and culminating in sentencing results, we track differences in outcomes by race and gender. Before sentencing, significant gaps emerge in the severity of pretrial release conditions that disadvantage black and Hispanic defendants. Yet …
Deferred Prosecutions In The Corporate Sector: Lessons From Libor, Justin O'Brien, Olivia Dixon
Deferred Prosecutions In The Corporate Sector: Lessons From Libor, Justin O'Brien, Olivia Dixon
Seattle University Law Review
Since 2008, the global economic downturn has significantly in-creased operating pressures on major corporations. Additionally, there has been a corresponding increase in corporate tolerance for corruption, which has coincided with a marked preference by regulators in settling, rather than litigating, enforcement actions. This Article argues that the expansion of prosecutorial authority without appropriate accountability restraints is a major tactical and strategic error. It evaluates whether the mechanism can be made subject to effective oversight. It argues that the current frame-work in the United States is highly problematic, leading to settlements that generate newspaper headlines but not necessarily cultural change. It …
The Communication Decency Act Gone Wild: A Case For Renewing The Presumption Against Preemption, Ryan J.P. Dyer
The Communication Decency Act Gone Wild: A Case For Renewing The Presumption Against Preemption, Ryan J.P. Dyer
Seattle University Law Review
Since its inception, the Internet has disseminated the most vital commodity known to man—information. But not all information is societally desirable. In fact, much of what the Internet serves to disseminate is demonstrably criminal. Nevertheless, in the effort to unbind the “vibrant and competitive free market” of ideas on the Internet, Congress enacted section 230 of the Communications Decency Act, which essentially grants immunity to interactive computer service providers from liability for information provided by a third party. This Comment suggests that, in certain contexts, courts applying section 230 immunity should reexamine the preemptive effect Congress intended section 230 to …
The New Policing Of Business Crime, Rachel E. Barkow
The New Policing Of Business Crime, Rachel E. Barkow
Seattle University Law Review
The central goal of this Article is to describe the burgeoning turn to new policing techniques in the business crime context and to offer some initial thoughts on the promises and limits of the approach. Part II begins by explaining the traditional or “old policing” of business crime. After implementing an initial strategy that focused on pursuing individuals, the government turned its attention to the organizations where those individuals operated. It increased the sanctions for violators and sought to target companies in an effort to prompt them to adopt internal compliance pro-grams. The focus on company compliance programs was designed …
Ignorance Of The Law: A Maxim Reexamined, Ronald A. Cass
Ignorance Of The Law: A Maxim Reexamined, Ronald A. Cass
Ronald A. Cass
No abstract provided.
The Surprising Acquittals In The Gotovina And Perisic Cases: Is The Icty Appeals Chamber A Trial Chamber Is Sheep's Clothing, Mark A. Summers
The Surprising Acquittals In The Gotovina And Perisic Cases: Is The Icty Appeals Chamber A Trial Chamber Is Sheep's Clothing, Mark A. Summers
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Paroline, Restitution, And Transferred Scienter: Child Pornography Possessors And Restitution Based On A Commerce-Clause Derived, Aggregate Proximate Cause Theory, Adam Lamparello, Charles Maclean
Paroline, Restitution, And Transferred Scienter: Child Pornography Possessors And Restitution Based On A Commerce-Clause Derived, Aggregate Proximate Cause Theory, Adam Lamparello, Charles Maclean
Adam Lamparello
This Article responds to the Fifth Circuit’s decision in In re Amy Unknown, which is before the United States Supreme Court on granted writ of certiorari. This Article poses a more logical and legal construct, derived from Commerce Clause analysis, that although each individual possessor of child pornography appears to contribute almost imperceptibly to the victim’s harm, the aggregate effect of possession is sufficient to satisfy the causal nexus required for restitution.
Amicus Brief -- Freddie Lee Hall V. State Of Florida, Adam Lamparello, Charles Maclean
Amicus Brief -- Freddie Lee Hall V. State Of Florida, Adam Lamparello, Charles Maclean
Adam Lamparello
IQ cutoffs violate the Constitution. In Atkins v. Virginia, the United States Supreme Court recognized three distinct components to intellectual disability: (1) an intelligence quotient; (2) deficits in adaptive functioning; and (3) onset prior to eighteen. The Florida Supreme Court interpreted Fla. Stat. § 921.137(1) to bar evidence of adaptive disability and early onset if a defendant scored above a 70 on an IQ test. As Justice Perry recognized in his partial dissent, that interpretation will lead to the execution of a retarded man. The Amicus brief argues that the Florida Supreme Court's decision should be reversed because it prohibits …
Abidor V. Napolitano: Suspicionless Cell Phone And Laptop Searches At The Border Compromise The Fourth And First Amendments, Adam Lamparello, Charles Maclean
Abidor V. Napolitano: Suspicionless Cell Phone And Laptop Searches At The Border Compromise The Fourth And First Amendments, Adam Lamparello, Charles Maclean
Adam Lamparello
The article explores the December 31, 2013 Abidor decision where the federal district court upheld the ongoing application of the border search exception as applied to deep, forensic searches of laptops and other digital devices. That exception allows suspicionless searches of any persons, effects, and “closed containers” crossing a border into the United States, and laptops and external hard drives are generally considered “closed containers” under the border search exception. We argue that the border search exception, grounded as it is in pre-digital age fact patterns, should no longer serve as precedent for border searches of the immense memories of …
Back To The Future: Returning To Reasonableness And Particularity Under The Fourth Amendment, Adam Lamparello, Charles Maclean
Back To The Future: Returning To Reasonableness And Particularity Under The Fourth Amendment, Adam Lamparello, Charles Maclean
Adam Lamparello
Issuing one-hundred or fewer opinions per year, the United States Supreme Court cannot keep pace with opinions that match technological advancement. As a result, in Riley v. California and United States v. Wurie, the Court needs to announce a broader principle that protects privacy in the digital age. That principle, what we call “seize but don’t search,” recognizes that the constitutional touchstone for all searches is reasonableness. When do present-day circumstances—the evolution in the Government’s surveillance capabilities, citizens’ phone habits, and the relationship between the NSA and telecom companies—become so thoroughly unlike those considered by the Supreme Court thirty-four years …