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Full-Text Articles in Law
Large-Scale Dispute Resolution In Jurisdictions Without Judicial Class Actions: Learning From The Irish Experience, S. I. Strong
Large-Scale Dispute Resolution In Jurisdictions Without Judicial Class Actions: Learning From The Irish Experience, S. I. Strong
Faculty Publications
Recent years have seen an unprecedented expansion of the ability to assert large-scale claims in national judicial systems, either on a collective or representative (class) basis. Numerous countries, including many that excoriated United States-style class actions in the past, have now adopted various forms of collective redress as society's need to respond large-scale claims has increased. Although every jurisdiction has developed its own unique method of responding to large-scale legal injuries, there appears to be a growing consensus that contemporary legal systems require some means of responding to widespread harm involving the same or similar facts. Not every jurisdiction has …
Principles For Designing Negotiation Instruction, John M. Lande, Ximena Bustamante, Jay Folberg, Joel Lee
Principles For Designing Negotiation Instruction, John M. Lande, Ximena Bustamante, Jay Folberg, Joel Lee
Faculty Publications
This article analyzes recommendations in the Rethinking Negotiation Teaching (RNT) series. Instructors teaching negotiation and other dispute resolution subjects have long had a hard time trying to cover everything they would like in their courses. The RNT project has documented (and, to some extent, stimulated) a growing profusion of ideas and techniques for teaching negotiation, which has multiplied instructors’ dilemmas in designing their courses. Since instructors cannot teach everything they would like, this article suggests some general principles for making decisions about what to include and how to conduct these courses. Clearly, there is no single right or best way …
What Constitutes An "Agreement In Writing" In International Commercial Arbitration? Conflicts Between The New York Convention And The Federal Arbitration Act, S. I. Strong
Faculty Publications
This article investigates whether and to what extent a party must produce an “agreement in writing” when seeking to enforce an international arbitration agreement or award in a U.S. federal court. This issue has recently given rise to both a circuit split and a petition for certiorari to the U.S. Supreme Court, and involves matters of formal validity as well as federal subject matter jurisdiction. The problem arises out of subtle differences in the way an “agreement in writing” is defined in the Federal Arbitration Act (FAA) and the 1958 United Nations Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign …
Family, The Market, And Adr, The, Amy J. Cohen
Family, The Market, And Adr, The, Amy J. Cohen
Journal of Dispute Resolution
This Article proceeds in three Parts. I begin by briefly summarizing what I will refer to as separate spheres ideology-the idea that our normative understandings of the family and the market are constructed in contradistinction to one another. I then show how this conceptual distinction between the family and the market shaped the development of alternative dispute processing during two periods of time. The first period, which I introduce to frame the second, examines how dispute processing reformers-beginning during the Progressive era and continuing to the 1930s-distinguished alternative forums for family disputes from alternative forums for commercial ones. In Part …
Comment: Trends And Challenges In Bringing Together Adr And The Rule Of Law, Stephanie E. Smith
Comment: Trends And Challenges In Bringing Together Adr And The Rule Of Law, Stephanie E. Smith
Journal of Dispute Resolution
The goals of justice, peace, and prosperity will not be achieved overnight. Strategies that aim to achieve a perfect state in a short time frame are doomed to failure. Rule of law approaches should be individualized for local context, and be nimble enough to adapt over time to advance these ambitious goals. Success will require drawing upon expertise from many practice areas and academic fields, and coordinating activities to maximize limited resources.
Procedural Justice And The Rule Of Law: Fostering Legitimacy In Alternative Dispute Resolution, Rebecca Hollander-Blumoff, Tom R. Tyler
Procedural Justice And The Rule Of Law: Fostering Legitimacy In Alternative Dispute Resolution, Rebecca Hollander-Blumoff, Tom R. Tyler
Journal of Dispute Resolution
In Part II, we provide background on the psychology of procedural justice. Then, because the term rule of law has been used so widely and in so many different ways, we explain its various meanings and go on to draw connections between the elements of procedural justice and the rule of law, highlighting both the similarities and distinctions between the two principles. We then marshal evidence in support of the critical role that procedural justice and rule of law values play in fostering perceptions of legitimacy. Part III explores the links among procedural justice, rule of law, and specific ADR …
Alternative Dispute Resolution And The Rule Of Law In International Development Cooperation, James Michel
Alternative Dispute Resolution And The Rule Of Law In International Development Cooperation, James Michel
Journal of Dispute Resolution
This paper briefly reviews the concept of development and related international cooperation. It then examines how the rule of law has been addressed in development programs and offers some thoughts about the contribution of ADR for advancing the rule of law and, in turn, contributing to human security, wellbeing, and dignity.
Adr And Transitional Justice As Reconstructing The Rule Of Law, Michal Alberstein
Adr And Transitional Justice As Reconstructing The Rule Of Law, Michal Alberstein
Journal of Dispute Resolution
This paper addresses the role of ADR in reconstructing the rule of law following the critique this idea received during the 20th century, and exemplifies this role through reference to another alternative movement in law-The Transitional Justice movement. In contrast to efforts to reconcile the notion of the rule of law with ADR, or to demarcate the proper interaction between these social institutions in achieving justice, this paper argues for a deeper connection between the two notions: After briefly analyzing the intricate meanings of the rule of law notion through history and its relation to ADR, the paper continues to …
Deliberative Look At Alternative Dispute Resolution And The Rule Of Law, A, Peter Muhlberger
Deliberative Look At Alternative Dispute Resolution And The Rule Of Law, A, Peter Muhlberger
Journal of Dispute Resolution
This paper critiques the foundations of Aragaki's analysis, but also gives credit on the importance of dealing with people as less than fully rational. The critique suggests, again, a deep commonality between DD and ADR and potential improvements to both approaches. True collaboration between these approaches, however, requires some re-theorizing of both, including a reconsideration of rationality itself. This paper will sketch some ways in which this might be achieved and, in particular, how DD theory and research may prove helpful for ADR.
Access To Justice And Alternative Dispute Resolution, William Davis, Helga Turku
Access To Justice And Alternative Dispute Resolution, William Davis, Helga Turku
Journal of Dispute Resolution
This article reviews access to justice both theoretically and in practice. Second, it highlights some of the challenges and successes of implementing access to justice projects. Finally, it discusses alternative dispute resolution (ADR) reforms in the developing world as one important element of access to justice.
Lost In Translation: Can Exporting Adr Harm Rule Of Law Development, Cynthia Alkon
Lost In Translation: Can Exporting Adr Harm Rule Of Law Development, Cynthia Alkon
Journal of Dispute Resolution
This article will begin with a brief explanation of rule of law development work. Section III will describe the role of legitimacy in developing rule of law. Section IV will discuss some examples of how ADR programs are typically included in rule of law development work. Section V will discuss when promotion of ADR programs may work against the development of rule of laws, specifically when ADR might seem more like a new form of corruption or when it might reinforce already existing bad practices. Section VI will offer some questions for ADR and rule of law development practitioners to …
Rejecting The Intertwining Doctrine: Favoring Adr While Hindering Judicial Efficiency And Economy, Michael Bekesha
Rejecting The Intertwining Doctrine: Favoring Adr While Hindering Judicial Efficiency And Economy, Michael Bekesha
Journal of Dispute Resolution
Often the scope of arbitration clauses does not include all potential claims. When the provision fails to provide for all disputes, courts may proceed in one of two ways to resolve both arbitrable and nonarbitrable claims: enforce the arbitration clause with respect to arbitrable claims, or ignore the private contract and litigate all issues at once. The Colorado Supreme Court, in Ingold v. AIMCO, chose the former - rejecting the intertwining doctrine. In doing so, Colorado aligned itself with the position that the United States Supreme Court embraced over twenty years ago. This casenote will discuss whether the Colorado Supreme …
Process Purity And Innovation In Dispute Resolution: A Response To Professors Stempel, Cole, And Drahozal, Richard C. Reuben
Process Purity And Innovation In Dispute Resolution: A Response To Professors Stempel, Cole, And Drahozal, Richard C. Reuben
Faculty Publications
This article uses a "process characteristics and values" approach to make the case against displacing arbitration finality with substantive judicial review. It responds to a trio of articles in a forthcoming Nevada Law Review symposium on whether and how the Federal Arbitration Act should be amended. In one article, Nevada Law Professor Jeffrey Stempel contends all arbitration awards should be subject to substantive judicial review similar to that of public trial courts. In a second article, Ohio State Professor Sarah Cole argues that substantive review should generally be permitted when the parties agree to it by contract, an issue now …
Principles For Policymaking About Collaborative Law And Other Adr Processes, John M. Lande
Principles For Policymaking About Collaborative Law And Other Adr Processes, John M. Lande
Faculty Publications
This Article articulates a set of principles for policymaking about alternative dispute resolution (ADR) to promote values of process pluralism, choice in dispute resolution processes, and sound decision making. It argues that policymakers should use a dispute system design (DSD) framework in analyzing policy options. DSD involves systematically managing a series of disputes rather than handling individual disputes on an ad hoc basis. It generally includes assessing the needs of disputants and other stakeholders, planning to address those needs, providing necessary training and education for disputants and dispute resolution professionals, implementing the system, evaluating it, and making periodic modifications as …
Adr Through A Cultural Lens: How Cultural Values Shape Our Disputing Processes, Julia Ann Gold
Adr Through A Cultural Lens: How Cultural Values Shape Our Disputing Processes, Julia Ann Gold
Journal of Dispute Resolution
I arrived for my second Nepali language class on time, but the teacher kept chatting about inconsequential things. I was paying by the hour, and we had already spent 25 minutes talking about nothing! A week later, I received an invitation to an art exhibit. The location was "Royal Museum," so that is where I went, only to find an empty building and no people. What had I missed? In my first meeting with the Dean of the Law Campus, we talked about trekking, the upcoming religious holidays, his visit to Seattle two years ago, relatives in the United States, …
Why Further Development Of Adr In Latin America Makes Sense: The Venezuelan Model, Jose Alberto Ramirez Leon
Why Further Development Of Adr In Latin America Makes Sense: The Venezuelan Model, Jose Alberto Ramirez Leon
Journal of Dispute Resolution
This paper argues that Venezuelan society would benefit from further development of ADR. Part II will provide an overview of the main problems affecting the Venezuelan judiciary, part III will provide a background of ADR in the country, part IV will identify the main challenges the field has to overcome, part V will propose a different approach, and part VI will present the conclusion.
Mediation And The Transformation Of American Labor Unions, Ann C. Hodges
Mediation And The Transformation Of American Labor Unions, Ann C. Hodges
Missouri Law Review
First, the Article analyzes the changes in the workplace that led to various proposals for reform. Then the Article looks at the potential for mediation of claims that do not arise out of the collective bargaining agreement, analyzing the possible benefits form the point of view of employers, employees and unions. Next, some of the issues and obstacles to mediation are reviewed. Ultimately, the Article concludes that the benefits of mediation outweigh the disadvantages and that in most collective bargaining relationships the obstacles should not prevent either negotiation of such provision or their successful use for at least some cases.
Adr Clause By Any Other Name Might Smell As Sweet: England's High Court Of Justice Queens Bench Attempts And Fails To Define What Is Not An Enforceable Adr Clause - Cable 7 & (And) Wireless Plc V. Ibm United Kingdom Ltd, An, Alyson Carrel
Journal of Dispute Resolution
The High Court of Justice Queens Bench Division in England issued a ruling that provides sweeping support for the use of Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) in private pre-dispute contract clauses.' While this support might seem to aid in developing the growing ADR movement in England, the judge may have put the cart before the horse by enforcing a non-descript and broad ADR contract clause that lacks the specificity needed to ensure a fair outcome. This decision could be detrimental for disputing parties and the future of the ADR movement itself.
Dancing With The One That Brung Us - Why The Texas Adr Community Has Declined To Embrace The Uma, Brian D. Shannon
Dancing With The One That Brung Us - Why The Texas Adr Community Has Declined To Embrace The Uma, Brian D. Shannon
Journal of Dispute Resolution
I readily acknowledge that the UMA is a bold and noble project, and it is certainly the result of substantial effort and compromise. Indeed, I largely concur with the sentiment of Philip Harter that "[tihe UMA is the product of heroic effort that brought together many interests and perspectives to thrash out a workable framework for mediation." That being said, however, much of the Texas mediation community, of which I am a part, has largely opposed enactment of the UMA's framework for our state. As I have written previously, the Alternative Dispute Resolution Section of the State Bar of Texas …
Challenge Of Institutionalizing Alternative Dispute Resolution: Attorney Perspectives On The Effect Of Rule 17 On Civil Litigation In Missouri, The, Bobbi Mcadoo, Art Hinshaw
Challenge Of Institutionalizing Alternative Dispute Resolution: Attorney Perspectives On The Effect Of Rule 17 On Civil Litigation In Missouri, The, Bobbi Mcadoo, Art Hinshaw
Missouri Law Review
In 1997 the Missouri Supreme Court revised its civil (non-family) ADR rule, Rule 17, to give individual judges the power to order cases to ADR. One of the primary reasons for the revision was to increase the use of what was seen as a worthwhile but underutilized rule. In an effort to evaluate the revised rule and its effects, the Missouri Supreme Court commissioned the Authors to conduct an extensive attorney survey to assess when and why lawyers choose to use ADR, especially mediation; what ADR has on the litigation process; and how and when judges get involved in choosing …
Adr: An Eclectic Array Of Processes, Rather Than One Eclectic Process, Lela P, Love
Adr: An Eclectic Array Of Processes, Rather Than One Eclectic Process, Lela P, Love
Journal of Dispute Resolution
The thesis of this essay is that when mediators try to resolve a controversy by providing their analysis fo the legal - or other- merits, they are providing the service that judges, arbitrators and neutral experts provide. In essence, such endeavors use the neutral's judgment, award or opinion to determine or jump-start a resolution. That add-on activity to mediation should be called by its proper name. This essay will not review the many reasons that a single neutral combining the roles of facilitator and evaluator is problematic, since that has been done extensively elsewhere.' Instead, in part one, we highlight …
Inevitability Of The Eclectic: Liberating Adr From Ideology, The, Jeffrey W. Stempel, Kimberlee K. Kovach
Inevitability Of The Eclectic: Liberating Adr From Ideology, The, Jeffrey W. Stempel, Kimberlee K. Kovach
Journal of Dispute Resolution
In this essay, I continue to argue against such rigid characterization of the mediation enterprise and in favor of what I term an "eclectic" approach to mediation. The eclectic style is one in which a mediator - while maintaining neutrality and impartiality at all times - attempts to both assist the disputants in finding acceptable solutions on their own and also remains free to provide necessary guidance as to the outcomes that might obtain in the legal regime that will govern their dispute should no agreement result from the mediation. In short, my view of good mediation practice is one …
Getting The Faith: Why Business Lawyers And Executives Believe In Mediation, John M. Lande
Getting The Faith: Why Business Lawyers And Executives Believe In Mediation, John M. Lande
Faculty Publications
Do you believe in mediation? That may seem like an odd question. Normally one thinks of ‘believing in‘ (or having faith in) things like magic, God, or the market. These are typically things that are beyond verifiable human knowledge (such as magic and God) and/or deeply held values (such as whether the market is a better mechanism than government for managing the flow of goods and services). At first blush, one might not think that mediation would fall into either category. There have been numerous empirical studies about many different aspects of mediation, so one can confidently say, for example, …
Toward More Sophisticated Mediation Theory, John M. Lande
Toward More Sophisticated Mediation Theory, John M. Lande
Faculty Publications
In the lead article in this symposium, Professor Jeffrey Stempel provides a very thoughtful analysis of the mediation field. He focuses on the debate over facilitative and evaluative mediation and he is critical of many of the arguments made by proponents of facilitative mediation. I have expressed some similar concerns, and I generally agree with his analysis (with a quibble here and there). I do think that the facilitation-evaluation debate has been productive (though admittedly wearisome), and that proponents of facilitative mediation deserve more credit than he gives them in his article.
Constitutional Gravity: A Unitary Theory Of Alternative Dispute Resolution And Public Civil Justice, Richard C. Reuben
Constitutional Gravity: A Unitary Theory Of Alternative Dispute Resolution And Public Civil Justice, Richard C. Reuben
Faculty Publications
Under the traditional bipolar model, civil dispute resolution is generally divided into two spheres: trial, which is public in nature and therefore subject to constitutional due process, and alternative dispute resolution (ADR), which is private in nature and therefore not subject to such constraints. In this article, Professor Richard Reuben proposes a unitary understanding of public civil dispute resolution, one that recognizes that ADR is often energized by state action and thus is constitutionally required to comply with minimal but meaningful due process standards. Depending upon the process, such standards might include the right to an impartial forum, the right …
Future Of Adr - The Earl F. Nelson Memorial Lecture, The, Frank E. A. Sander
Future Of Adr - The Earl F. Nelson Memorial Lecture, The, Frank E. A. Sander
Journal of Dispute Resolution
Because I've been fortunate to observe the ADR scene for much of its recent development, I'm often asked my views of where we stand now. My somewhat flip answer is, "On Monday, Wednesday and Friday, I think we've made amazing progress. On Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday, ADR seems more like a grain of sand on the adversary system beach." So I think we have a way to go. Let me try to elaborate a little on those thoughts
Continuing The Conversation About The Current Status And The Future Of Adr: A View From The Courts, Wayne D. Brazil
Continuing The Conversation About The Current Status And The Future Of Adr: A View From The Courts, Wayne D. Brazil
Journal of Dispute Resolution
In this essay I would like to complement the picture that Professor Sander has presented by adding information about and commentary from the perspective of the courts. After offering some general observations about the current status of ADR in the courts, I will describe what I think the near-term future looks like. Then I will articulate values that we need to take special care to preserve in court-sponsored ADR programs. I also will identify dangers that we, as courts, must try to avoid on the road ahead. Along the way, I will respond specifically to three of the concerns that …
Some Reflections On Adr, James F. Henry
Some Reflections On Adr, James F. Henry
Journal of Dispute Resolution
It may be time for practitioners and theorists who have contributed quality and innovation to the ADR movement to declare victory. It also may be time to "cut and run," because ADR must address some difficult issues if it is to realize its full potential. So far, we have assembled an excellent state-of-the-art in a relatively short period, but we have paid relatively little attention to the ADR infrastructure required to fulfill the quality and promises of ADR. It is that delivery system of ADR which will determine the degree of economy, accessability, expedience, innovation and party control that are …
Adr Research At The Crossroads, Deborah R. Hensler
Adr Research At The Crossroads, Deborah R. Hensler
Journal of Dispute Resolution
One of the remarkable aspects of the ADR movement is the empirical research that it has engendered. The granddaddy of court-administered alternative dispute resolution--the pretrial settlement conference--was the occasion for the first experimental study of an innovative legal procedure.' Small claims courts--another early alternative to full-fledged litigation--were put under the microscope in the 1960s.' Over the years, a host of empirical studies on the adoption, implementation and consequences of court ADR programs has been published.'
Is Binding Arbitration A Form Of Adr: An Argument That The Term Adr Has Begun To Outlive Its Usefulness, Jean R. Sternlight
Is Binding Arbitration A Form Of Adr: An Argument That The Term Adr Has Begun To Outlive Its Usefulness, Jean R. Sternlight
Journal of Dispute Resolution
While the semantic question may be uninteresting, I suggest that it is useful to ask the normative question of how we should categorize binding arbitration.'7 Again, there may be no clear "right" answer. Nevertheless, addressing the question of the appropriate categorization of binding arbitration provides a good means for rethinking the nature of binding arbitration, what we mean by ADR, and how the variety of dispute resolution techniques typically grouped together as ADR relate to litigation. Artificially grouping these disparate processes together under the "ADR" umbrella is beginning to prove problematic. While we may continue to use the phrase in …