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Full-Text Articles in Law
Different Problems Require Different Solutions: How Air Warfare Norms Should Inform Ihl Targeting Law Reform & Cyber Warfare, Christian H. Robertson Ii
Different Problems Require Different Solutions: How Air Warfare Norms Should Inform Ihl Targeting Law Reform & Cyber Warfare, Christian H. Robertson Ii
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
On February 19, 2018, United Nations Secretary-General Antonio Guterres claimed that he was “absolutely convinced” that “the next war will begin with a massive cyber-attack to destroy military capacity . . . and paralyze basic infrastructure.” The Secretary-General’s greatest concern, however, is that he believes “there is no regulatory scheme for that type of warfare, it is not clear how the Geneva Convention or international humanitarian law applies to it.” Although Additional Protocol I to the Geneva Conventions (AP I) targeting laws generally identify who and what States may target in war, it expressly limits itself to attacks affecting people …
Just And Unjust Compensation: The Future Of The Navigational Servitude In Condemnation Cases, Alan T. Ackerman, Noah Eliezer Yanich
Just And Unjust Compensation: The Future Of The Navigational Servitude In Condemnation Cases, Alan T. Ackerman, Noah Eliezer Yanich
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
In 1967, the U.S. Supreme Court, in United States v. Rands, expanded the navigational servitude doctrine governing the federal government's power over land adjoining a navigable waterway by severely qualifying the government's Fifth Amendment obligation to compensate the landowner. This Article addresses the issue in the following ways: Part I surveys Congress' power to regulate navigable waters under the Commerce Clause. Part II summarizes the development of the navigational servitude doctrine and some of its inhibitory effects on waterfront development, especially under Rands. It explains the fundamental unfairness of the Rands principle and demonstrates why this constitutional rule …
Adverse Possession Of Municipal Land: It's Time To Protect This Valuable Asset, Paula R. Latovick
Adverse Possession Of Municipal Land: It's Time To Protect This Valuable Asset, Paula R. Latovick
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
The laws of several states regarding adverse possession of municipal land vary widely from providing no protection to granting complete immunity from such loss. Generally, states that permit adverse possession of municipally owned land do so without articulating a rationale for allowing such a loss of a valuable municipal asset. In this Article, Professor Latovick describes why the current state of the law is unsatisfactory. She then considers the public policies raised by the issue of adverse possession of municipal land. Professor Latovick concludes by proposing that states should adopt legislation expressly protecting all municipal land from adverse possession and …
Adverse Possession Against The States: The Hornbooks Have It Wrong, Paula R. Latovick
Adverse Possession Against The States: The Hornbooks Have It Wrong, Paula R. Latovick
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
The hornbook rule is that adverse possession statutes do not run against land owned by state governments. Yet, in practice, the land of many states is subject to loss by adverse possession. Few states have statutes that simply and explicitly protect all state land from adverse possession. This Article describes the variety of ways in which states protect or fail to protect their land from adverse possession. It concludes with the recommendation that, given increasing development pressures and limited state enforcement budgets, state legislatures should protect completely all state land from adverse possession.
The Power Line Health Controversy: Legal Problems And Proposals For Reform, Philip S. Mccune
The Power Line Health Controversy: Legal Problems And Proposals For Reform, Philip S. Mccune
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
Part I of this Note examines the primary means of compensating individuals whose property is affected by EMFs from nearby power lines: eminent-domain and inverse-condemnation proceedings. Although power lines adversely affect property values in several ways, 6 fear of the potential health problems caused by power lines has had the greatest impact.' v Part I evaluates the three approaches that courts have developed to determine whether plaintiffs can recover for the effect of public fears of EMFs on property values. This Part concludes that although testimony about the biological effects of EMFs should be inadmissible, property owners should be able …
Farmland And Open Space Preservation In Michigan: An Empirical Analysis, Sandra A. Hoffmann
Farmland And Open Space Preservation In Michigan: An Empirical Analysis, Sandra A. Hoffmann
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
Part I of this Note describes the political and economic conditions that gave rise to the farmland and open space preservation enactments. It presents a brief political history of the support for this body of legislation and summarizes the economic arguments raised both for and against these preservation efforts. Part II describes the principal types of state farmland and open space preservation programs enacted during the past thirty years. Finally, Part III presents an empirical analysis of P.A. 116.
Preferential Property Tax Treatment Of Farmland And Open Space Under Michigan Law, Ronald Henry
Preferential Property Tax Treatment Of Farmland And Open Space Under Michigan Law, Ronald Henry
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
This note will attempt to explain the new Michigan statute and evaluate the effectiveness of this type of legislation as a means of preserving open space and farmland from conversion to more intensive use.
The Interrelationship Between Excusionary Subdivision Control - A Second Look, Roger A. Cunningham
The Interrelationship Between Excusionary Subdivision Control - A Second Look, Roger A. Cunningham
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
The thesis of this article is that the conclusion set out above is both oversimplified and inaccurate. Contrary to the author's contention in his Journal article, there are "viable distinctions between zoning and subdivision control," and consequently the major exclusionary techniques available to suburban communities through "zoning" are simply not available in connection with "subdivision control." Dramatic attempts at racial exclusion through subdivision control are likely to be infrequent. Although subdivision regulations, like zoning ordinances and building codes, require expenditures by land developers which increase the cost of housing and thus tend to exclude the poor, the effect of subdivision …
Interstate Land Sales Regulation: The Case For An Expanded Federal Role, Robert R. Maxwell
Interstate Land Sales Regulation: The Case For An Expanded Federal Role, Robert R. Maxwell
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
Public awareness of the need for protection from fraudulent vendors of undeveloped land recurs periodically and has led to brief flurries of legislative and journalistic attention since the Florida land boom of the 1920s. Despite the rush of state and federal legislation enacted in recent years to combat sharp practices in the land development field, the need for stronger regulation has been revealed by testimony at public hearings held by the Office of Interstate Land Sales Registration as well as by numerous news accounts of questionable tactics employed by some land development promoters. The recent actions of the Federal Trade …
Improved Policy Making For The Multiple Use Of Public Lands, Christopher J. Dunsky
Improved Policy Making For The Multiple Use Of Public Lands, Christopher J. Dunsky
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
The purpose of this article is to analyze the failure of past legislative attempts to define public land policy effectively, to examine current proposals for change, and to present an alternative proposal for a clearer statutory definition of policy.
Commonwealth Of Puerto Rico V. Rosso: Land Banking And The Expanded Concept Of Public Use, David L. Callies
Commonwealth Of Puerto Rico V. Rosso: Land Banking And The Expanded Concept Of Public Use, David L. Callies
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
As the supply of vacant land on which to expand dwindles, the economic, social and cultural blight attendant upon the rapid but relatively unplanned growth of metropolitan areas increasingly becomes a subject of grave concern throughout the world. The two most common traditional approaches to land use problems are now proving inadequate, given the nature of urban sprawl. The first is zoning, basically an exercise of the police power whereby a governmental body restricts the use of land by appropriate regulation without compensating the owner. The restriction must be for the purpose of promoting the health, morals, safety or welfare …