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Smart Power For Hard Problems: The Role Of Special Operation Forces Strengthening The Rule Of Law And Human Rights In Africa, Kevin H. Govern Jan 2013

Smart Power For Hard Problems: The Role Of Special Operation Forces Strengthening The Rule Of Law And Human Rights In Africa, Kevin H. Govern

Kevin H. Govern

This article will assess the roles and responsibilities of Special Operations Forces (SOF) within the newly created U.S. Africa Command (AFRICOM) as an active proponent of a so-called “smart power” national security strategy. In particular, it will outline the economic, political, and military challenges faced in Africa; specifically, how and why SOCAFRICA is the U.S. force of choice for promoting human rights and rule of law in Africa. With the goals of the U.S. military in mind, questions will necessarily arise as to “what success looks like” for both the U.S. and African nations, and the roles of each in …


Agroterrorism And Ecoterrorism: A Survey Of Indo-American Approaches Under Law And Policy To Prevent And Defend Against The Potential Threats Ahead, Kevin H. Govern Jan 2009

Agroterrorism And Ecoterrorism: A Survey Of Indo-American Approaches Under Law And Policy To Prevent And Defend Against The Potential Threats Ahead, Kevin H. Govern

Kevin H. Govern

“Agroterrorism is a subset of bioterrorism, and is defined as the deliberate introduction of an animal or plant disease with the goal of generating fear, causing economic losses, and/or undermining social stability.” Its partner in crime is ecoterrorism, “the use or threatened use of violence of a criminal nature against innocent victims or property by an environmentally-oriented, subnational group for environmental-political reasons, or aimed at an audience beyond the target, often of a symbolic nature.” Furthermore, “[a]s recently as June 2004, the FBI designated ‘eco-terrorism’ . . . as the [U.S.’] number one militant chal- lenge emanating from inside its …