Law Commons^™

Public Policy In International Investment And Trade Law: Community Expectations And Functional Decision-Making, Diane A. Desierto

Diane A Desierto

This article uses a contextual policy-oriented approach to assess how the standing debate on a State's regulatory freedom has been treated within international investment law (e.g. case-by-case interpretation of variant treaty design in each case), in contrast with how the issue of domestic regulatory autonomy in international trade law has evolved towards coordination (e.g. attempted harmonization of the same set of instruments). The article submits a different view from many primarily trade law/investment law scholars (and other systemic integrationists who idealize a seamless shift from trade law to investment law), who have postulated that this fundamental issue of State regulatory …

Efficient Breach In The Common European Sales Law (Cesl), Wenqing Liao

Wenqing Liao

In the classic economic theory, it is suggested that contract law should be structured in such a way that efficient breaches (i.e. those increasing social welfare) would be promoted. The default remedy of expectation damages was justified on this cognition. Nowadays, more and more suspects and critiques are raised against the so called simple efficient breach model. The aim of this paper is to re-sketch the theory of efficient breach and to compare the consequences resulting from economic analysis with the remedy rules of the Common European Sales Law (CESL). It is proposed that the doctrine of efficient breach has …

Efficient Breach In The Common European Sales Law (Cesl), Wenqing Liao

Wenqing Liao

In the classic economic theory, it is suggested that contract law should be structured in such a way that efficient breaches (i.e. those increasing social welfare) would be promoted. The default remedy of expectation damages was justified on this cognition. Nowadays, more and more suspects and critiques are raised against the so called simple efficient breach model. The aim of this paper is to re-sketch the theory of efficient breach and to compare the consequences resulting from economic analysis with the remedy rules of the Common European Sales Law (CESL). It is proposed that the doctrine of efficient breach has …

The Political Fragmentation Of Land Use Governance In Santiago, Chile, And Its Implications For Socioeconomic Residential Segregation, Diego Gil Mc Cawley

Diego Gil Mc Cawley

Despite decades of economic development and the general improvement in the quality of life of its people, Santiago, the capital of Chile, presents high levels of residential segregation along socioeconomic lines. A debate about legal reforms to address this phenomenon is currently occurring. Existing Chilean research suggests that the current pattern of urban segregation has been caused by social housing policies based on the provision of subsidies to homeless people implemented in the last decades. However, foreign literature, especially in the United States, indicates that residential segregation is also influenced by land use legal structure and practices. This latter factor …

An Anachronism Too Discordant To Be Suffered: A Comparative Study Of Parliamentary And Presidential Approaches To Regulation Of The Death Penalty, Derek R. Verhagen

Derek R VerHagen

It is well-documented that the United States remains the only western democracy to retain the death penalty and finds itself ranked among the world's leading human rights violators in executions per year. However, prior to the Gregg v. Georgia decision in 1976, ending America's first and only moratorium on capital punishment, the U.S. was well in line with the rest of the civilized world in its approach to the death penalty. This Note argues that America's return to the death penalty is based primarily on the differences between classic parliamentary approaches to regulation and that of the American presidential system. …

Theory Of Constitutional Comparison, Sebastian Müller-Franken Prof. Dr

sebastian müller-franken prof. dr

The article looks into constitutional comparison from a theoretical perspective. It shows the variety of different purposes this juridical discipline pursuits. So constitutional comparison for example takes advantage creating constitutional theory or gives an orientation for constititional politics. The article also shows how constitutional comparison can render benefits for the application of constitutional law without giving up national sovereignty.

Re-Envisioning The Controlling Shareholder Regime: Why Controlling Shareholders And Minority Shareholders Embrace Each Other, Sang Yop Kang

Sang Yop Kang

According to conventional corporate governance scholarship, controlling shareholder regimes exist in jurisdictions where minority shareholders are not well protected by controlling shareholders’ expropriation. However, Professor Ronald Gilson raises a critical point against the conventional view; if laws are inefficient and do not protect investors, as the conventional view explains, why do we observe any minority shareholders at all in such “bad-law” countries? One possible reason is that in response to controlling shareholders’ expropriation, minority shareholders discount severely shares that corporations issue. Then, a related question is: if it is true, why do some controlling shareholders in bad-law countries have many …

„Zuerst Schlichten, Dann Richten“: O Modelo Suíço De Solução De Litígios Pré-Processual É Adequado Para O Brasil?, Nelson Rodrigues Netto

Nelson Rodrigues Netto

Dieser Aufsatz analysiert die Schlichtung und die Mediation in der Schweizerische Zivilprozessordnung.

A Paralyzed Environmental Law: Critical Comments On Compensation For Environmental Damage In Indonesia, Andri Gunawan Wibisana

Andri Gunawan Wibisana

This article criticizes compensation mechanisms for the victims of environmental disaster in Indonesia. In particular, it attempts to answer the questions of how compensation mechanism is addressed in Indonesian environmental law, how the victims of environmental disasters are compensated, and what lessons can be learned from the application of law in practice. This article begins with discussions about the current Indonesian compensation system for damage resulting from pollution, focusing on the provisions in environmental management acts. In order to explain how these provisions have been applied in practice, this article discusses two major environmental disasters in Indonesia, i.e. the Mandalawangi …

Canadian Courts And Uniform Interpretation - An Empirical Reality Check, Joshua D H Karton, Samantha Wynne

Joshua Karton

The uniform interpretation of uniform law instruments is justifiably a preoccupation of the international uniform law community. However, despite the issue’s importance to the success of legal harmonisation efforts, remarkably little is known about how national courts actually interpret international uniform laws. The literature remains almost entirely anecdotal; no systematic study has been made of the courts of even one state or region to determine whether, as a group, they do or do not interpret international uniform law instruments with an eye to the international legal context.

This article describes an empirical study of Canadian courts’ interpretations of five representative …

Training In Fcil Librarianship For Tomorrow's World, Neel Kant Agrawal

AALL/LexisNexis Call for Papers

Foreign, comparative, and international law (FCIL) librarianship has grown in importance along with the increased emphasis on global legal research. As the field moves forward, it is important to develop core competencies in FCIL librarianship. These core competencies will provide a common knowledge base among librarians throughout the world. New developments in technology, culture, and legal research necessitate a fresh look at the skills required to be successful in FCIL librarianship. This will then permit a wide range of information professionals to acquire an expertise in FCIL librarianship, through a certification process based on the attainment of these core competencies.

Democracy, Law And Global Finance: An Example Of A Research Agenda For A New Practice Of Law And Economics, Tamara Lothian

Tamara Lothian

No abstract provided.

Holding Corporations To Account. Crafting Ats Suits In The Uk, Simon J. Baughen

Simon J Baughen

This is an updated version of the existing publication which has been amended in the light of the decision of the US Supreme Court on 17 April 2013 in Kiobel. It will be published in the Fall 2013 edition of the British Journal of American Legal Studies

Malas Leyes, Peores Reglamentos. Apuntes Críticos Sobre El Porvenir De La Tutela De La Persona Frente Al Tratamiento De Datos En El Perú, Leysser L. Leon

Leysser L. León

Se comentan críticamente algunas de las más controvertidas disposiciones contenidas en el reciente Reglamento de la Ley peruana de Protección de Datos Personales. Se echa de menos, en especial, y atendiendo a la labor reglamentaria del Ministerio de Justicia reflejada en este dispositivo, una actitud consciente de los funcionarios acerca la importancia de la tutela de la autodeterminación informativa en los países que, como el Perú, siguen sin resolver graves males sociales, como la discriminación.

Los Derechos De La Personalidad De Los Menores De Edad, Leysser L. Leon

Leysser L. León

Entrevista sobre los derechos de la personalidad de los menores de edad, a propósito de la divulgación mediática de la imagen y vida privada de los niños y adolescentes homicidas o infractores de leyes penales en general.

The Separation Of Powers, Constitutionalism And Governance In Africa: The Case Of Modern Cameroon, John Mukum Mbaku

JOHN MUKUM MBAKU

The Separation of Powers, Constitutionalism and Governance in Africa: The Case of Modern Cameroon

John Mukum Mbaku, Esq.

Abstract

Countries incorporate the principle of the separation of powers in their constitutions in an effort to meet several goals, the most important of which is to minimize government-induced tyranny. Specifically, countries that make this principle part of their constitutional practice intend to limit public servants by national laws and institutions, enhance government accountability, minimize opportunistic behaviors by civil servants and politicians, provide for checks and balances, and generally improve government efficiency. Cameroon, like many other African countries that transitioned to democratic …

Social Protection Afforded To Irregular Migrant Workers: Thoughts On International Norms, The Southern African Development Community, Botswana And South Africa, Bruno Ps Van Eck, Felicia Snyman

Bruno PS Van Eck

The majority of migrant workers target those countries in southern Africa that have stronger economies. Irregular migrants are in a particularly vulnerable position, and this article discusses the protection that this category of persons may expect to experience in the southern African region. The authors recommend that the broad notion of “social protection”, rather than the narrower concept “social security” should be emphasized. International, continental and regional instruments providing protection to irregular migrants are traversed and the constitutional and legislative frameworks in relation to social protection in Botswana and South Africa are compared. The article concludes that there are significant …

U.S. Asylum Law As A Path To Religious Persecution, Jack C. Dolance Ii

Jack C Dolance II

U.S. asylum law protects against persecution “on account of . . . religion.” But must the law protect a non-believer seeking religious asylum in the United States? Many may instinctively answer “no,” for a non-believer is by most definitions not “religious.” Such a response misses the mark however — at least in the context of U.S. asylum law, which is subject to the First Amendment. The protection of religious liberty enshrined in the First Amendment embodies freedom from persecution on account of one’s “religion” — in whatever form that religion may take. In the asylum context, then, “religion” must be …

Shifting Sands: A Meta-Theory For Public Access And Private Property Along The Coast, Melissa K. Scanlan

Melissa K. Scanlan

Over half the United States population currently lives near a coast. As shorelines are used by more people, developed by private owners, and altered by extreme weather, competition over access to water and beaches will intensify, as will the need for a clearer legal theory capable of accommodating competing private and public interests. One such public interest is to walk along the beach, which seems simple enough. However, beach walking often occurs on this ambulatory shoreline where public rights grounded in the public trust doctrine and private rights grounded in property ownership intersect. To varying degrees, each state has a …

Constitucionalidade Da Vedação Para Aquisição De Terras Rurais Por Estrangeiros, Felipe Chagas Villasuso Lago

Felipe Chagas Villasuso Lago Mr.

No abstract provided.

“El Arbitraje Como Mecanismo De Protección De La Inversión Extranjera. El Estado Peruano Frente Al Ciadi”., Jancarlos Jair Vega Lugo Jancarlos Vega

Jancarlos Jair Vega Lugo

No abstract provided.

Arbitration, Women Arbitrators And Sharia, Mohamed Raffa Dr.

Mohamed Raffa Dr.

So, can the Arbitrator be a woman? Omar, the third Khalipha in Islam after Prophet Muhammad, actually appointed a female judge. Today, across the various Muslim countries, there are female judges in almost every Muslim country except in Saudi Arabia. There are about 70 female Iraqi judges, 10 female judges in the UAE, 20 in Egypt female judges and Arbitrators, Nigeria recently appointed the first female Chief Justice in Africa as well as it has one of the largest National Associations of Women Judges; with more in other Muslim Countries including Indonesia and Malaysia.

Is U.S. Operational Self-Defense A State Practice Creating New Customary International Law?, Yevgeny S. Vindman

Yevgeny S Vindman

U.S. policy on self-defense is based on recognition that modern conflicts have created new and unconventional threats that had not been anticipated or addressed in the Law of War. Based on U.S. policy and general principles of self-defense, operational self-defense is an evolutionary concept that developed over the course of the recent conflicts to allow senior commanders to leverage the enormous resources available to reduce or eliminate threats that may have previously been imperceptible. Operational self-defense executed in bello, occupies the operational sphere in War, between tactical and strategic. Operational self-defense is not limited by use of force restrictions imposed …

English Translation Of The Seoul High Court Judgement Against The Kftc's Decision Re: Kss-Iii Submarine Bid-Rigging, Joseph Jo

Joseph Jo

This is an unofficial English translation of the Seoul High Court's recent judgement on KFTC's cease-and-desist order and administrative surcharge against Samsung Thales Co., Ltd in connection with the KSS-III submarine R&D project.

Concerning Summary Repatriations Of Sex-Trafficking Victims Out Of Cambodia Part I (Legal And Administrative System), Patrick M. Talbot

Patrick M Talbot

ABSTRACT

In 2010, I (along with a group of students from Handong International Law School, and some Cambodian colleagues), was asked to assist a Cambodian human rights and justice organization with a problem they encountered in their efforts to assist rescued victims of sex-trafficking. The victims were being rounded up after rescue and summarily repatriated out of the country; essentially, they were deported as illegal aliens. The victims were primarily Vietnamese and likely some Thai. This was happening apparently without regard to the protections of assessment and assistance that should be afforded them under the law, and this was the …

Concerning Summary Repatriations Of Sex-Trafficking Victims Out Of Cambodia Part Ii (Law And Steps For Repatriation), Patrick M. Talbot

Patrick M Talbot

No abstract provided.

Understanding The Obstacles To The Recognition And Enforcement Of U.S. Judgments Abroad, Samuel P. Baumgartner

Samuel P. Baumgartner

Questions of recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments have entered center stage. Recent empirical work suggests that there has been a marked increase in the frequency with which U.S. courts are asked to recognize and enforce foreign judgments. The U.S. litigation surrounding a multibillion-dollar Ecuadoran judgment against Chevron indicates that the stakes in some of these cases can be high indeed. This rising importance of questions of judgments recognition has not been lost on lawmakers. In November of 2011, the Subcommittee on Courts, Commercial and Administrative Law of the U.S. House of Representatives’ Judiciary Committee held hearings on whether to …

Equality For All: Equal Protection For Queer Individuals In International Community, David C. Bell

David C Bell

This paper will address the need for international protections of the LGBTI community. After looking at some definitions and theories of international law, this paper will address the question of why protections are needed for the LGBTI community. Then the paper will look at previous attempts to create international precedent to protect these groups. Following those topics, this paper will take a look at the Yogyakarta Principles and conclude by speculating on the future to see where protections for these communities may lie.

South African Parliament Enacts Comprehensive Data Protection Law: An Overview Of The Protection Of Personal Information Bill, Mark J. Calaguas

Mark J Calaguas

No abstract provided.

The Regulation Of U.S. Money Market Funds: Lessons From Europe, Latoya C. Brown

Latoya C. Brown, Esq.

The recent financial crisis challenged long held perceptions of money market funds (“MMFs”) as stable and highly liquid instruments. Regulators in the US and in Europe now seek to impose additional rules on MMFs to avoid another significant failure as happened to the Reserve Fund. In the US, the debate is drawing even more media attention as question of which regulatory body - such as the Securities and Exchange Commission, the Treasury Department, and the Financial Stability Oversight Council – should lead the way has taken interesting twists and turns. This paper examines primary reform options being proposed in the …