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Balance Or Trade-Off? Online Security Technologies And Fundamental Rights, Mireille Hildebrandt
Balance Or Trade-Off? Online Security Technologies And Fundamental Rights, Mireille Hildebrandt
Mireille Hildebrandt
In this contribution I argue that the image of the balance is often used to defend the idea of a trade-off. To understand the drawbacks of this line of thought I will explore the relationship between online security technologies and fundamental rights, notably privacy, non-discrimination, freedom of speech and due process. After discriminating between three types of online security technologies I will trace the reconfiguration of the notion of privacy in the era of smart environments. This will lead to an inquiry into the metaphor of the scale, building on the triple test regarding the justification of the limitation of …
Introduction To The Value Of Personal Data, Mireille Hildebrandt, Kieron O'Hara, Michael Waidner
Introduction To The Value Of Personal Data, Mireille Hildebrandt, Kieron O'Hara, Michael Waidner
Mireille Hildebrandt
This Chapter provides an introduction to and overview of the 2013 Yearbook of the Digital Enlightenment Forum, on the subject of the value of personal data. It discusses why we should care about the current monetization of our personal data and raises the issue of whether and, if so, how user-centric personal data ecosystems help to rebalance power asymmetries between individual citizens and large Personal Data Processing Systems.
The Dawn Of A Critical Transparency Right For The Profiling Era, Mireille Hildebrandt
The Dawn Of A Critical Transparency Right For The Profiling Era, Mireille Hildebrandt
Mireille Hildebrandt
Potential consumers are increasingly profiled to detect their habits and preferences in order to provide for targeted services. Both industry and the European Commission are investing huge sums of money into what they call Ambient Intelligence and the creation of an ‘Internet of Things’. Such intelligent networked environments will depend on real time monitoring and profiling, resulting in real time adaptations of the environment. In this contribution Mireille Hildebrandt will assess the threats and opportunities of such autonomic profiling in terms of its impact on individual autonomy and refined discrimination and indicate the extent to which traditional data protection is …
Privacy Na De 'Computationele Wending', Mireille Hildebrandt
Privacy Na De 'Computationele Wending', Mireille Hildebrandt
Mireille Hildebrandt
In deze bijdrage zal ik mij richten op de gevolgen van het doorzoeken van grote datasets en het toepassen van de kennis die daaruit wordt ‘gemijnd’. Zowel het bedrijfsleven als de overheid verwachten veel van dit soort kennis, respectievelijk als marketing-instrument dan wel als manier om criminaliteit te voorspellen. In beide gevallen gaat het vooral om een techniek waarmee zo snel en zo precies mogelijk maatwerk ‘op de persoon’ kan worden geleverd. De vraag in hoeverre de betreffende computationele technieken die belofte waarmaken – de effectiviteitsvraag – staat in deze bijdrage niet centraal. Voor de goed orde ga ik er …
Legal Protection By Design. Objections And Refutations, Mireille Hildebrandt
Legal Protection By Design. Objections And Refutations, Mireille Hildebrandt
Mireille Hildebrandt
To cope with an increasingly proactive technological infrastructure a so-called vision of Ambient Law has been developed. It entails the articulation of legal protection into the ICT architecture, to safeguard our rights and freedoms within the various cyberspaces we inhabit. I will argue that the Internet of Things and Ambient Intelligence generate novel challenges to the rights to privacy, due process and non-discrimination, warranting effective remedies beyond the written law. The vision of Ambient Law builds on similar notions within the domain of ethics of technology (e.g. privacy by design, privacy by default, value-sensitive design). Expanding on previous publications this …
The Meaning And The Mining Of Legal Texts, Mireille Hildebrandt
The Meaning And The Mining Of Legal Texts, Mireille Hildebrandt
Mireille Hildebrandt
Positive law, inscribed in legal texts, entails an authority not inherent in literary texts, generating legal consequences that can have real effects on a person’s life and liberty. The interpretation of legal texts, necessarily a normative undertaking, resists the mechanical application of rules, though still requiring a measure of predictability, coherence with other relevant legal norms and compliance with constitutional safeguards. The present proliferation of legal texts on the internet (codes, statutes, judgments, treaties, doctrinal treatises) renders the selection of relevant texts and cases next to impossible. We may expect that systems to mine these texts to find arguments that …
Juridische Bescherming 'By Design'?, Mireille Hildebrandt
Juridische Bescherming 'By Design'?, Mireille Hildebrandt
Mireille Hildebrandt
Dit is een redactioneel voor het tijdschrift van de Vereniging Wijsbegeerte van het Recht: Rechtsfilosofie & Rechtstheorie. Zie: http://www.bjutijdschriften.nl/tijdschrift/rechtsfilosofieentheorie/2010/2
Legal And Technological Normativity: More (And Less) Than Twin Sisters, Mireille Hildebrandt
Legal And Technological Normativity: More (And Less) Than Twin Sisters, Mireille Hildebrandt
Mireille Hildebrandt
Within science technology and society studies the focus has long been on descriptive micro-analyses. Several authors have raised the issue of the normative implications of the findings of research into socio-technical devices and infrastructures, while some claim that material artifacts have moral significance or should even be regarded as moral actors. In this contribution the normative impact of technologies is investigated and compared with the normative impact of legal norms, arguing that a generic concept of normativity is needed that does not depend on the intention of whoever designed either a law or a technology. Furthermore this contribution develops the …