Law Commons^™

Obstaculos Juridicos Y Economicos A La Aplicacion De La Teoria Del Incumplimiento Eficiente: ¿Un Irritante Juridico O Una Figura De Aplicacion Imposible?, Renzo E. Saavedra Velazco

Renzo E. Saavedra Velazco

Winner's Curse (La Maldición Del Ganador): Un Análisis De La Toma De Decisiones En Subastas De Valor Común, Renzo E. Saavedra Velazco

Renzo E. Saavedra Velazco

En la presente nota se analiza la denominada maldición del ganador que importa que el ganador de una subasta puede ser quien sufra las más altas pérdidas, en lugar de los participaron que no lograron adjudicarse el bien o el derecho materia de la subasta. Este resultado se produce por una conjunción de fuerzas en contraposición: la lógica que le indica pujar con cuidado; y, el deseo de lograr la adjudicación que se exacerba en atención a la cantidad de proponentes. Ante ello, muchas veces el ganador termina por ofrecer una suma por encima de su propia valuación subjetiva y …

¿Interpretamos La Voluntad Del Testador O Sólo Lo Literalmente Expresado En El Testamento?: Consideraciones Desde La Óptica De La Comparación Jurídica, Renzo E. Saavedra Velazco

Renzo E. Saavedra Velazco

Imitando La Intermediación Financiera Indirecta: El Caso De Los Bancos De Alimentos, Renzo E. Saavedra Velazco

Renzo E. Saavedra Velazco

De un tiempo a esta parte se observa un enorme desarrollo de supermercados, sea de gran envergadura, sea pequeña escala. Correlativamente, y pesar del sólido progreso macroeconómico, aún existe un segmento considerable de la sociedad en estado de desamparo y que requiere de medidas asistenciales por parte del Estado. Sin embargo en países como los recursos son excesivamente limitados, por ello resulta importante las alternativas de responsabilidad social empresarial que se vienen implementando o de modo directo la participación privada para colaborar en los esfuerzos asistenciales. Es en este marco donde se inserta la actuación de los Bancos de Alimentos.

The Civil Action For Breach Of Statutory Duty In The Common Law World, Neil J. Foster

Neil J Foster

The tort action for Breach of Statutory Duty provides an intersection between the goals of private law and ‘public’ goals as determined by legislation. But the question as to when, in what circumstances, and why, a civil action should be available to a claimant whose statutory rights have been breached continues to be agitated. This paper argues that the tort, far from deserving the accusations of incoherence and unpredictability sometimes levelled at it in the common law world, has a respectable and coherent history and justification within the common law of torts. There are reasons for doubting whether it should …

Superando Los Sesgos Cognitivos A Través Del Derecho: Breve Análisis Del Derecho Contractual Y La Responsabilidad Extracontractual, Renzo E. Saavedra Velazco

Renzo E. Saavedra Velazco

En la presente ponencia se expuso brevemente el itinerario recorrido en la aplicación de perspectivas funcionales (sobre todo las económicas y cognitivas) al Derecho. Para ello se tomaron algunos de los sesgos que se han identificado en la toma de decisiones y en el procesamiento de información a fin de evidenciar las potencialidades del empleo del Derecho para su superación o adaptación.

Incorporación Del Interés Creditorio En La Cláusula Penal: Un Análisis Desde El Comparative Law And Economics, Renzo E. Saavedra Velazco

Renzo E. Saavedra Velazco

En la presente nota abordamos como es posible incorporar el interés creditorio en un contrato a través del empleo de una cláusula penal. En efecto, la penalidad se ha visto como un mecanismo que liquida de manera anticipada los daños ocasionados debido al incumplimiento contractual; sin embargo, este efecto no hace más que evidenciar la alta valuación subjetiva que el acreedor otorga a la prestación a cargo de su deudor y, con ello, la posibilidad de verificación de daños idiosincráticos en caso se verifique un incumplimiento.

Market Share Liability Beyond Des Cases: The Solution To The Causation Dilemma In Lead Paint Litigation?, Donald G. Gifford, Paolo Pasicolan

Donald G Gifford

Over 300,000 young children in America—disproportionately poor and children of color—suffer from childhood lead poisoning. This disease ordinarily is caused by the deterioration of lead paint into flakes, chips, and dust that children ingest or inhale. Victims of childhood lead poisoning have tried to sue manufacturers of lead paint or lead pigment, but they face a seemingly insurmountable obstacle. Traditional tort law requires a plaintiff to prove that a specific tortfeasor caused the harm. This is almost impossible in the lead paint context because the paint that caused the harm usually consists of many layers, applied over the course of …

Impersonating The Legislature: State Attorneys General And Parens Patriae Product Litigation, Donald G. Gifford

Donald G Gifford

The state attorney general has emerged during the past decade as a “super plaintiff” in state parens patriae litigation against manufacturers of cigarettes, automobiles, lead paint, and pharmaceuticals. Attorneys general sue on behalf of their states as the collective plaintiff, seeking reimbursement for the costs of treating or preventing product-caused diseases suffered by individual residents, even though such individual victims would not themselves be able to recover as plaintiffs. More importantly, they seek to supplant the regulatory regimes previously enacted by Congress, the state legislature, or federal agencies with one that reflects their own visions. This Article traces how state …

Market Share Liability Beyond Des Cases: The Solution To The Causation Dilemma In Lead Paint Litigation?, Donald G. Gifford, Paolo Pasicolan

Donald G Gifford

Over 300,000 young children in America—disproportionately poor and children of color—suffer from childhood lead poisoning. This disease ordinarily is caused by the deterioration of lead paint into flakes, chips, and dust that children ingest or inhale. Victims of childhood lead poisoning have tried to sue manufacturers of lead paint or lead pigment, but they face a seemingly insurmountable obstacle. Traditional tort law requires a plaintiff to prove that a specific tortfeasor caused the harm. This is almost impossible in the lead paint context because the paint that caused the harm usually consists of many layers, applied over the course of …

Suing The Tobacco And Lead Pigment Industries: Government Litigation As Public Health Prescription, Donald G. Gifford

Donald G Gifford

In Suing the Tobacco and Lead Pigment Industries, legal scholar Donald G. Gifford recounts the transformation of tort litigation in response to the challenge posed by victims of 21st-century public health crises who seek compensation from the product manufacturers. Class action litigation promised a strategy for documenting collective harm, but an increasingly conservative judicial and political climate limited this strategy. Then, in 1995, Mississippi attorney general Mike Moore initiated a parens patriae action on behalf of the state against cigarette manufacturers. Forty-five other states soon filed public product liability actions, seeking both compensation for the funds spent on public health …

The Synthesis Of Legal Counseling And Negotiation Models: Preserving Client-Centered Advocacy In The Negotiation Context, Donald G. Gifford

Donald G Gifford

No abstract provided.

The Death Of Causation: Mass Products Torts' Incomplete Incorporation Of Social Welfare Principles, Donald G. Gifford

Donald G Gifford

Legal actions against the manufacturers of disease-causing products, such as cigarettes and asbestos insulation, have redefined the landscape of tort liability during the past generation. These actions bedevil courts, because any particular victim often is unable to identify the manufacturer whose product caused her harm. Increasingly, but inconsistently, courts allow victims to recover without proof of individualized causation. This article argues that instrumental approaches seek to turn mass products tort law into the equivalent of a social welfare program, not unlike workers’ compensation or Social Security. As with any such program, the accident compensation system must include compensation entitlement boundaries, …

The Causes Of The Medical Malpractice Crisis: An Analysis Of Claims Data And Insurance Company Finances, David J. Nye, Donald G. Gifford, Bernard L. Webb, Marvin A. Dewar

Donald G Gifford

No abstract provided.

Litigation Trends In Florida: Saga Of A Growth State, Donald G. Gifford, David J. Nye

Donald G Gifford

No abstract provided.

Public Nuisance As A Mass Products Liability Tort, Donald G. Gifford

Donald G Gifford

No abstract provided.

The Peculiar Challenges Posed By Latent Diseases Resulting From Mass Products, Donald G. Gifford

Donald G Gifford

Legal actions against manufacturers of products that cause latent diseases, such as asbestos products, cigarettes, lead-pigment, and Agent Orange, are the signature torts of our time. Yet within this rather important subset of tort liability, it is unlikely that the imposition of liability actually results in loss prevention. Three factors, present in varying combinations in the context of latent diseases resulting from product exposure, frustrate the deterrent impact of liability. First, an extended period of time—sometimes decades—passes between the time of the manufacturer’s distribution of the product and the imposition of liability. Second, the accident compensation system frequently is unable …

Una Obligación Sin Prestación O Sólo Una Hipótesis De Cumplimiento Defectuoso: La Responsabilidad Del Médico Dependiente, Renzo E. Saavedra Velazco

Renzo E. Saavedra Velazco

En la presente nota abordamos brevemente un aspecto de suma complejidad teórica y de vivo interés práctico: la responsabilidad del médico dependiente y, en particular, la justificación que le sirve de sustento. En efecto, debido a la decidida difusión, incluso entre nosotros, de la noción de la relación obligatoria como una entidad compleja, se acepta la existencia de deberes accesorios e incluso deberes autónomos respecto de la prestación principal. Ello ha generado una tendencia a explicar la responsabilidad de la estructura sanitaria y del médico que en ella sirve como de naturaleza contractual, si bien ello no esta exento de …

Faculty Colloquia, Spring 2009 Series, Alfred Brophy, Dennis Crouch, Zanita Fenton, Mitu Gulati, Scott Hershovitz, Christine Hurt, Joseph Miller, Juliet Moringiello, Robert Rhee, Robert Steinbuch, Brian Tamanaha

Robert Rhee

No abstract provided.

¿Quién Tiene Mayor Necesidad De Pagar Impuestos?: Un Esbozo Crítico Desde La Perspectiva De Un No-Especialista, Renzo E. Saavedra Velazco

Renzo E. Saavedra Velazco

El objetivo de la presente nota es muy sencillo: evidenciar que si bien la mayoría de los ciudadanos tenemos un rechazo al pago de tributos y en particular de impuestos, somos más dependientes de ellos de lo que se suele percibir. Empero, para lograr tal constatación debemos modificar la perspectiva bajo la que se analiza una noción casi institucional como la capacidad contributiva. Todo ello, cabe resaltar, es propuesto sólo con la libertad que nuestra calidad de no-especialistas nos brinda.

Hacia Una Teoría General Sobre Las Alternativas Contractuales Al Testamento, Renzo E. Saavedra Velazco

Renzo E. Saavedra Velazco

El derecho sucesorio es una rama del Derecho que, al menos desde la perspectiva del operador peruano, se considera profundamente vinculada con la tradición y, por ende, casi inmutable. Si bien la influencia de la tradición resulta innegable, al propio tiempo se debe subrayar el profundo cuestionamiento del cual han sido objetos muchas de las teorías y doctrinas que componen el área del derecho de sucesiones. La irrupción de mecanismos contractuales en la praxis profesional y en las construcciones doctrinales relacionadas con el planeamiento sucesorio ha provocado una revolución de la que es necesario rendir un breve recuento.

Tratos Preliminares Y Su Ruptura: Un Ejercicio De Comparative Law And Economics, Renzo E. Saavedra Velazco

Renzo E. Saavedra Velazco

El objetivo de la presente nota se centra en evidenciar, a colacion del analisis de las reglas de responsabilidad precontractual en los sistemas estadounidense y peruano, la utilidad del comparative law and economics. Para tales efectos se tomara en cuenta la influencia de las reglas de responsabilidad en la creacion de incentivos de inversion en los sujetos involucrados en una tratativa.

What A Difference A Day Makes, Or Does It? Work/Family Balance And The Four-Day Work Week, Michelle A. Travis

Michelle A. Travis

This Article considers the growing reliance that four-day work week advocates have placed on work/family claims. It begins by analyzing whether a compressed work schedule may alleviate work/family conflicts, and more importantly, for whom such benefits are most likely to accrue. While studies consistently find that many workers experience lower levels of work/family conflict when working a compressed schedule, the research also suggests that workers with the most acute work/family conflicts may be the least likely either to obtain or to benefit from a four-day work week design. Nevertheless, the political climate surrounding the four-day work week provides a unique …

Mainstreaming Privacy Torts, Danielle Keats Citron

Danielle Keats Citron

In 1890, Samuel Warren and Louis Brandeis proposed a privacy tort and seventy years later, William Prosser conceived it as four wrongs. In both eras, privacy invasions primarily caused psychic and reputational wounds of a particular sort. Courts insisted upon significant proof due to those injuries’ alleged ethereal nature. Digital networks alter this calculus by exacerbating the injuries inflicted. Because humiliating personal information posted online has no expiration date, neither does individual suffering. Leaking databases of personal information and postings that encourage assaults invade privacy in ways that exact significant financial and physical harm. This dispels concerns that plaintiffs might …

Reflections On The Historical Context Of Section 402a, Oscar S. Gray

Oscar S. Gray

No abstract provided.

Paternalismo Libertario: ¿Un Oximoron O Una Solucion A La Bounded Rationality?, Renzo E. Saavedra Velazco

Renzo E. Saavedra Velazco

Como consecuencia de los descubrimientos realizados por los psicologos cognitivos, un sector de economistas y juristas se ha comenzado a cuestionar sobre si es posible (y cómo) aprovechar los sesgos y defectos cognitivos de los agentes economicos con el objeto de lograr que se tomen decisiones eficientes. ¿Es, como señalan sus propulsores, una forma de paternalismo libertario? o ¿tales terminos son del todo antagonicos?

Commentary [On Negligent Infliction Of Emotional Distress], Oscar S. Gray

Oscar S. Gray

These comments question the terminology used in the Third Restatement of Torts for psychological effects, partially on the ground of obsolescence in light of developments in the neurosciences. Instead of the distinction emphasized in the Third Restatement between “physical harm” and “emotional disturbance” (or “distress”), they suggest a distinction between “harm” that constitutes an impairment of functionality, which would be treated as a free-standing basis for liability, like conventional diseases or injuries, and “mere feelings”, which would continue to be compensable in negligence only parasitically. Similarly, the interest protected should be regarded not as an interest in freedom from “disturbance” …

The Draft Ali Product Liability Proposals: Progress Or Anachronism?, Oscar S. Gray

Oscar S. Gray

No abstract provided.

Standard Of Care For Children Revisited, Oscar S. Gray

Oscar S. Gray

No abstract provided.

Misrepresentation - Part I, Fleming James, Oscar Gray

Oscar S. Gray

No abstract provided.