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Articles 1 - 20 of 20
Full-Text Articles in Law
Constitutional Restraints On Intrastate Distribution Of Taxing Authority, Walter Hellerstein
Constitutional Restraints On Intrastate Distribution Of Taxing Authority, Walter Hellerstein
Scholarly Works
No abstract provided.
Steiner V. Utah: Designing A Constitutional Remedy, Michael S. Knoll, Ruth Mason
Steiner V. Utah: Designing A Constitutional Remedy, Michael S. Knoll, Ruth Mason
All Faculty Scholarship
In an earlier article, we argued that the Utah Supreme Court failed to follow and correctly apply clear U.S. Supreme Court precedent in Steiner v. Utah when the Utah high court held that an internally inconsistent and discriminatory state tax regime did not violate the dormant commerce clause. Unfortunately, the Supreme Court recently declined certiorari in Steiner, but the issue is unlikely to go away. Not every state high court will defy the U.S. Supreme Court by refusing to apply the dormant commerce clause, and so the Court will sooner or later likely find itself facing conflicting interpretations of …
Paying For Gun Violence, Samuel D. Brunson
Paying For Gun Violence, Samuel D. Brunson
Faculty Publications & Other Works
Gun violence is an outsized problem in the United States. Between a culture that allows for relatively unconstrained firearm ownership and a constitutional provision that ensures that ownership will continue to be relatively unchecked, it has proven virtually impossible for politicians to address the problem of gun violence. And yet, gun violence costs the United States tens of billions of dollars or more annually. These tens of billions of dollars are negative externalities — costs that gun owners do not bear themselves, and thus that are imposed on the victims of violence and on taxpayers generally.
What can we do …
The Constitutionality Of A National Wealth Tax, Dawn Johnsen, Walter E. Dellinger Iii
The Constitutionality Of A National Wealth Tax, Dawn Johnsen, Walter E. Dellinger Iii
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
The Constitutionality Of A National Wealth Tax, Dawn Johnsen, Walter Dellinger
The Constitutionality Of A National Wealth Tax, Dawn Johnsen, Walter Dellinger
Faculty Scholarship
Economic inequality threatens America’s constitutional democracy. Beyond obvious harms to our nation’s social fabric and people’s lives, soaring economic inequality translates into political inequality and corrodes democratic institutions and values. The coincident, relentless rise of money in politics exacerbates the problem. As elected officials and candidates meet skyrocketing campaign costs by devoting more and more time to political fundraising—and independent expenditures mushroom—Americans lose faith and withdraw from a system widely perceived as beholden to wealthy individuals and corporate interests.
The United States needs innovative approaches to help rebuild foundational, shared understandings of American democracy, the American Dream, and opportunity and …
Taking Tax Due Process Seriously: The Give And Take Of State Taxation, Hayes R. Holderness
Taking Tax Due Process Seriously: The Give And Take Of State Taxation, Hayes R. Holderness
Law Faculty Publications
As the Internet has increased the ease and amount of interstate transactions, the states have struggled to require “remote vendors” — vendors without a physical presence in the taxing state — to collect or pay taxes. The states are attempting to overcome these struggles by lowering Commerce Clause limitations on their jurisdiction to tax, but meaningful limitations on such jurisdiction imposed by the Due Process Clause await the states. The Due Process Clause requires that state actions be fundamentally fair, and, to meet this standard, a state must provide a person with a benefit and the person must indicate acceptance …
Federalism And Phantom Economic Rights In Nfib V. Sibelius, Matthew Lindsay
Federalism And Phantom Economic Rights In Nfib V. Sibelius, Matthew Lindsay
All Faculty Scholarship
Few predicted that the constitutional fate of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act would turn on Congress’ power to lay and collect taxes. Yet in NFIB v. Sebelius, the Supreme Court upheld the centerpiece of the Act — the minimum coverage provision (MCP), commonly known as the “individual mandate” — as a tax. The unexpected basis of the Court’s holding has deflected attention from what may prove to be the decision’s more constitutionally consequential feature: that a majority of the Court agreed that Congress lacked authority under the Commerce Clause to penalize people who decline to purchase health insurance. …
Catalogs, Gideon Parchomovsky, Alex Stein
Catalogs, Gideon Parchomovsky, Alex Stein
All Faculty Scholarship
It is a virtual axiom in the world of law that legal norms come in two prototypes: rules and standards. The accepted lore suggests that rules should be formulated to regulate recurrent and frequent behaviors, whose contours can be defined with sufficient precision. Standards, by contrast, should be employed to address complex, variegated, behaviors that require the weighing of multiple variables. Rules rely on an ex ante perspective and are therefore considered the domain of the legislator; standards embody a preference for ex post, ad-hoc, analysis and are therefore considered the domain of courts. The rules/standards dichotomy has become a …
Strange Bedfellows, Jeffrey Schoenblum
Strange Bedfellows, Jeffrey Schoenblum
Vanderbilt Law School Faculty Publications
With the maximum rate of federal income tax at 39.6 percent, the Medicare surtax on investment income of 3.8 percent, and some state income tax rates exceeding 9 percent, taxpayers in the highest brackets have been seeking to develop strategies to lessen the tax burden. One strategy that has been receiving increased attention is the use of a highly specialized trust known as the NING, a Nevada incomplete gift nongrantor trust, which eliminates state income taxation of investment income altogether without generating additional federal income or transfer taxes. A major obstacle standing in the way of accomplishing this objective, however, …
Brief Of Constitutional Law Professors As Amici Curiae In Support Of Petitioner, Ernest A. Young
Brief Of Constitutional Law Professors As Amici Curiae In Support Of Petitioner, Ernest A. Young
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Constitutional Politics And Balanced Budgets, Nancy Staudt
Constitutional Politics And Balanced Budgets, Nancy Staudt
Faculty Working Papers
Unbalanced budgets have sparked decades of debate among legislators, scholars, and the public at large. Although the controversy has abated somewhat in recent years, many continue to believe that Congress has a tendency to pursue a level of public debt that is both inefficient and unfair. Foremost among those who criticize the federal budgeting process are fiscal constitutionalists, a group of public choice scholars who believe the constitutional constraints are the only means by which the public will obtain protection from legislative fiscal irresponsibility. This article explores the public choice argument for a balanced budget amendment and argues that it …
Taxation Without Representation, Nancy Staudt
Taxation Without Representation, Nancy Staudt
Faculty Working Papers
Poll taxes are unconstitutional and yet Americans continue to link political rights to economic status. When taxpayers claim, "We pay taxes and therefore should decide how public monies are spent," they claim a privileged position in society based on their monetary contributions to the state and federal fiscal position that, by implication, nontaxpaying Americans should not have. Not only do taxpayers claim they deserve special political privileges, but the law itself continues to couple political rights to taxpaying status in ways that legal scholars have largely left unexplored. This article examines a range of political benefits tied to the payment …
Introducing The Law Of Nonprofit Organizations And Philanthropy, David A. Brennen
Introducing The Law Of Nonprofit Organizations And Philanthropy, David A. Brennen
Law Faculty Scholarly Articles
On January 5,2007, the Nonprofit and Philanthropy Law Section of AALS held its first program at the AALS Annual Meeting in Washington, D.C. The program, entitled "State-Level Legal Reform of the Law of Nonprofit Organizations," was a fitting way to launch what should prove to be a valuable contribution to the study of law relating to nonprofit organizations and philanthropy. This burgeoning area of academic legal study is well poised to grow by leaps and bounds in the coming years due to its impact on many traditional areas of legal study, including tax law, corporate law, estate law, trust law, …
Race Conscious Affirmative Action By Tax Exempt 501(C)(3) Corporations After Grutter And Gratz, David A. Brennen
Race Conscious Affirmative Action By Tax Exempt 501(C)(3) Corporations After Grutter And Gratz, David A. Brennen
Law Faculty Scholarly Articles
The Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment generally acts as a legal limit on the permissible bounds of government action. Accordingly, public universities and other government entities are constitutionally prohibited from engaging in acts that violate equal protection of the laws. The Supreme Court recently reinforced this point when it ruled, in two related cases, that public universities may consider the race of applicants when making admissions decisions, so long as an applicant's race does not amount to a deciding factor when granting admission. By its very terms, the constitutional limitation imposed by the Equal Protection Clause only directly …
Are Tax "Benefits" For Religious Institutions Constitutionally Dependent On Benefits For Secular Entities?, Edward A. Zelinsky
Are Tax "Benefits" For Religious Institutions Constitutionally Dependent On Benefits For Secular Entities?, Edward A. Zelinsky
Articles
The Supreme Court generally conditions tax exemptions, deductions, and exclusions for religious organizations and activities upon the simultaneous extension of such benefits to secular institutions and undertakings. The Court's position flows logically from its acceptance of the premise that tax exemptions, deductions, and exclusions constitute subsidies. However, the "subsidy" label is usually deployed in a conclusory and unconvincing fashion. The First Amendment is best understood as permitting governments to refrain from taxation to accommodate the autonomy of religious actors and activities; hence, tax benefits extended solely to religious institutions should pass constitutional muster as recognition of that autonomy.
The Unconstitutionality Of Eliminating Estate And Gift Taxes, James G. Wilson
The Unconstitutionality Of Eliminating Estate And Gift Taxes, James G. Wilson
Law Faculty Articles and Essays
The recent proposal to eliminate estate and gift taxes is not only immoral and a poor allocation of resources, but also is unconstitutional. Irrespective of their ideology, virtually all American lawyers will initially dismiss this accusation as frivolous because it conflicts with their tradition of equating conceptions of "constitutionality" with United States Supreme Court opinions. The Court has long been highly deferential to Congress in federal tax law cases. It is inconceivable that the current Court would find anything "irrational" in a facially neutral law eliminating all estate and gift taxes. Indeed, if I sat on that bench, I would …
The Tax Court, Article Iii, And The Proposal Advanced By The Federal Courts Study Committee: A Study In Applied Constitutional Theory, Deborah A. Geier
The Tax Court, Article Iii, And The Proposal Advanced By The Federal Courts Study Committee: A Study In Applied Constitutional Theory, Deborah A. Geier
Law Faculty Articles and Essays
Spurred by the report issued by the Federal Courts Study Committee, this article explores the constitutionality of the Tax Court as an Article I court.
Justice Scalia And The Elusive Idea Of Discrimination Against Interstate Commerce, Richard B. Collins
Justice Scalia And The Elusive Idea Of Discrimination Against Interstate Commerce, Richard B. Collins
Publications
No abstract provided.
California V. Grace Brethren Church, Lewis F. Powell Jr
California V. Grace Brethren Church, Lewis F. Powell Jr
Supreme Court Case Files
No abstract provided.
Ramah Navajo School Board V. Bureau Of Revenue Of New Mexico, Lewis F. Powell Jr.
Ramah Navajo School Board V. Bureau Of Revenue Of New Mexico, Lewis F. Powell Jr.
Supreme Court Case Files
No abstract provided.