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Municipal Annexation In Ohio: Putting An End To The Bitter Battle, Mary Shannon Place
Municipal Annexation In Ohio: Putting An End To The Bitter Battle, Mary Shannon Place
Cleveland State Law Review
Recent decades, marked by steady population growth, have seen the evolution of a distinctly urban nation. The multiplicity of local governments within metropolitan areas has raised serious questions about the efficiency and equity of fragmented government organizations. Critics argue that the existence of multiple local governments in metropolitan areas leads to an inequitable allocation of public goods and services, inefficient patterns of area land use and development, and counterproductive competition for new fiscal resources and territorial autonomy. Moreover, the urbanized landscape poses problems of community leadership. And sadly, municipal annexation in Ohio has fallen far short of its potential to …
Lawmaker As Lawbreaker: Enforcement Actions Against Municipalities For Failing To Comply With The Clean Water Act, G. Nelson Smith Iii
Lawmaker As Lawbreaker: Enforcement Actions Against Municipalities For Failing To Comply With The Clean Water Act, G. Nelson Smith Iii
Cleveland State Law Review
The Clean Water Act makes it unlawful for anyone, including municipalities, to discharge a pollutant into navigable waters except as authorized by specific sections of the Act. To implement this prohibition, as well as the exceptions, the Act established a complex system regulating all discharges into the navigable waters of the United States. Under the Act, the discharge of pollutants without a permit or in violation of a permit condition may result in civil penalties and/or a criminal penalty per day per violation. While these penalties could be extremely costly for municipalities, the problem becomes even more severe because many …