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Global Trecs: The Regulation Of International Trade In Cyberspace, J. Steele
Global Trecs: The Regulation Of International Trade In Cyberspace, J. Steele
Canadian Journal of Law and Technology
This paper provides an overview of trade-related aspects of electronic commerce, and examines three approaches for regulating international trade in cyber- space. A model which integrates these approaches is then proposed, emphasizing private standards of self-regula- tion within a broader public framework of minimal background standards. A summary of potential areas of conflict between competing regulatory approaches fol- lows, and the paper concludes that both the WTO and the OECD have important roles to play in the develop- ment of international consensus towards a harmonized framework for the regulation of global TRECs.
Carte Blanche For Cruelty: The Non-Enforcement Of The Animal Welfare Act, Katharine M. Swanson
Carte Blanche For Cruelty: The Non-Enforcement Of The Animal Welfare Act, Katharine M. Swanson
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
This Note explores both the judicial and administrative underenforcement of the Animal Welfare Act in protecting the welfare of laboratory animals used for purposes of experimentation. Specifically, the Note suggests that judicial underenforcement is borne as a result of the difficulties of lodging a private cause of action under the Act or gaining standing under the alternative statutory scheme of the Administrative Procedure Act. It further suggests administrative underenforcement in describing the promulgated regulations of the Act as inadequate and the lack of self-policing mechanisms. Finally, the Note suggests some ways that enforcement can be made more effective in these …