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User Innovator Community Norms At The Boundary Between Academic And Industrial Research, Katherine J. Strandburg
User Innovator Community Norms At The Boundary Between Academic And Industrial Research, Katherine J. Strandburg
Katherine J. Strandburg
In this essay, I consider norms of sharing research tools and materials in what has been called Pasteur’s Quadrant, in which basic science and applied research overlap. I employ a user innovation paradigm, along with a rational choice approach to social norms, to address the issue. The convergence of academic research with commercial interests has two different types of consequences for sharing norms. First, a research tool or material developed in a nonprofit research context may be a dual-purpose innovation with both research and nonresearch uses. Thus, for example, a genetic assay may be useful in research and as a …
Norms And The Sharing Of Research Materials And Tacit Knowledge, Katherine J. Strandburg
Norms And The Sharing Of Research Materials And Tacit Knowledge, Katherine J. Strandburg
Katherine J. Strandburg
As discussed in Wesley Cohen’s chapter in this volume, recent empirical studies have documented that scientists experience increasing difficulty obtaining tangible research materials from other scientists, while they express fewer concerns than many had anticipated about do-it-yourself tools that can be made in the laboratory, even when those tools are patented. In this Chapter I use a rational choice model of social norms to elucidate some factors that affect the likelihood that a research community will adopt a sharing norm. Based on those factors, I discuss some means by which sharing of tangible research materials can be encouraged. The analysis …