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Articles 1 - 23 of 23
Full-Text Articles in Law
Parental Rights And The State Regulation Of Religious Schools, Matthew Steilen
Parental Rights And The State Regulation Of Religious Schools, Matthew Steilen
Matthew Steilen
In Wisconsin v. Yoder, the United States Supreme Court invalidated convictions of several Amish parents for removing their children from school in violation of state mandatory attendance laws. In reaching its decision, the Court argued that protecting the Amish parents’ decisions fit into a longstanding American tradition of giving parents control over the upbringing of their children. Yet the Supreme Court mischaracterized the history of parental rights and state interests in education. Contemporary historical research shows that parents have long ceded a large measure of control to the state in the education of their children. Still, very little has been …
Eclecticism, Nelson Tebbe
Eclecticism, Nelson Tebbe
Nelson Tebbe
This short piece comments on Kent Greenawalt's new book, Religion and the Constitution: Establishment and Fairness. It argues that although Greenawalt's eclectic approach carries certain obvious costs, his theory cannot be evaluated without comparing its advantages and disadvantages to those of its competitors. It concludes by giving some sense of what that comparative calculus might look like.
Smith In Theory And Practice, Nelson Tebbe
Smith In Theory And Practice, Nelson Tebbe
Nelson Tebbe
Employment Division v. Smith controversially held that general laws that were neutral toward religion would no longer be presumptively invalid, regardless of how much they incidentally burdened religious practices. That decision sparked a debate that continues today, twenty years later. This symposium Essay explores the argument that subsequent courts have in fact been less constrained by the principal rule of Smith than advocates on both sides of the controversy usually assume. Lower courts administering real world disputes often find they have all the room they need to grant relief from general laws, given exceptions written into the decision itself and …
Free Exercise And The Problem Of Symmetry, Nelson Tebbe
Free Exercise And The Problem Of Symmetry, Nelson Tebbe
Nelson Tebbe
This Article identifies a difficulty with the neutrality paradigm that currently shapes thinking about the Free Exercise Clause both on the Supreme Court and among its leading critics. It proposes a liberty component, shows how it would generate more attractive results than neutrality alone, and defends the liberty approach against likely objections. A controversial neutrality rule currently governs cases brought under the Free Exercise Clause. Under that rule, only laws and policies that have the purpose of discriminating against religion draw heightened scrutiny. All others are presumptively constitutional, regardless of how severely they burden religious practices. Critics have attacked the …
Nonbelievers, Nelson Tebbe
Nonbelievers, Nelson Tebbe
Nelson Tebbe
How should courts handle nonbelievers who bring religious freedom claims? Although this question is easy to grasp, it presents a genuine puzzle because the religion clauses of the Constitution, along with many contemporary statutes, protect only religion by their terms. From time to time, judges and lawyers have therefore struggled with the place of nonbelievers in the American scheme of religious freedom. Today, this problem is gaining prominence because of nonbelievers’ rising visibility. New lines of social conflict are forming around them, generating disputes that have already gone legal. In this Article, I argue that no wholesale response will do. …
Religion And Marriage Equality Statutes, Nelson Tebbe
Religion And Marriage Equality Statutes, Nelson Tebbe
Nelson Tebbe
To date, every state statute that has extended marriage equality to gay and lesbian couples has included accommodations for actors who oppose such marriages on religious grounds. Debate over those accommodations has occurred mostly between, on the one hand, people who urge broader religion protections and, on the other hand, those who support the types of accommodations that typically have appeared in existing statutes. This article argues that the debate should be widened to include arguments that the existing accommodations are normatively and constitutionally problematic. Even states that presumptively are most friendly to LGBT citizens, as measured by their demonstrated …
Privatizing And Publicizing Speech, Nelson Tebbe
Privatizing And Publicizing Speech, Nelson Tebbe
Nelson Tebbe
When and how should governments be permitted to use private-law mechanisms to manage their public-law obligations? This short piece poses that question in the context of Summum, which the Supreme Court decided earlier this year, and Buono, which it will hear in the fall. In both cases, the government manipulated formal property rules in order to fend off constitutional challenges. In Summum, the government took ownership of a religious symbol in the face of a free speech challenge, while in Buono it shed ownership of land containing another sectarian symbol in an effort to moot an Establishment Clause problem. Although …
Government Nonendorsement, Nelson Tebbe
Government Nonendorsement, Nelson Tebbe
Nelson Tebbe
What are the constitutional limits on government endorsement? Judges and scholars typically assume that when the government speaks on its own account, it faces few restrictions. In fact, they often say that the only real restriction on government speech is the Establishment Clause. On this view, officials cannot endorse, say, Christianity, but otherwise they enjoy wide latitude to promote democracy or denigrate smoking. Two doctrines and their accompanying literatures have fed this impression. First, the Court’s recent free speech cases have suggested that government speech is virtually unfettered. Second, experts on religious freedom have long assumed that there is no …
Associations And The Constitution: Four Questions About Four Freedoms, Nelson Tebbe
Associations And The Constitution: Four Questions About Four Freedoms, Nelson Tebbe
Nelson Tebbe
No abstract provided.
Excluding Religion, Nelson Tebbe
Religion And Social Coherentism, Nelson Tebbe
Introduction, Legal Scholarship In Jewish Law, Samuel J. Levine
Introduction, Legal Scholarship In Jewish Law, Samuel J. Levine
Samuel J. Levine
In recent years, Jewish law has gained significant prominence in American legal scholarship, producing a substantial body of literature exploring the Jewish legal system, both on its own terms and in comparative perspective. In particular, the past few decades have seen a marked increase in the number of articles published in American law reviews addressing substantive, procedural, and conceptual aspects of Jewish law, often in the context of broader considerations of important, unsettled, and controversial issues in American legal thought.In the past, a number of scholars have compiled bibliographies collecting and, at times, briefly annotating, lists of selected works on …
Why Justice Breyer Was Wrong In Van Orden V. Perry, Erwin Chemerinsky
Why Justice Breyer Was Wrong In Van Orden V. Perry, Erwin Chemerinsky
Erwin Chemerinsky
No abstract provided.
A Fixture On A Changing Court: Justice Stevens And The Establishment Clause, Erwin Chemerinsky
A Fixture On A Changing Court: Justice Stevens And The Establishment Clause, Erwin Chemerinsky
Erwin Chemerinsky
No abstract provided.
Global Issues In Freedom Of Speech And Religion: Cases And Materials, Leslie Gielow Jacobs, Alan Brownstein
Global Issues In Freedom Of Speech And Religion: Cases And Materials, Leslie Gielow Jacobs, Alan Brownstein
Leslie Gielow Jacobs
Brownstein and Jacobs's Global Issues in Freedom of Speech and Religion: Cases and Materials is a companion volume to existing materials. Designed to assist professors in introducing issues of international and comparative law, this title is ideal for use in educational courses that address:
- The First Amendment
- Law and religion
- Individual rights
- Other topics dealing with free speech and religious liberty
In order to make companion materials understandable and accessible to students as well as to professors who have not taught the materials before, this title:
- Includes case excerpts, helpful background materials, and notes
- Is set out in a structure …
Religious Freedom In The United States: ‘When You Come To A Fork In The Road, Take It', Charles J. Russo
Religious Freedom In The United States: ‘When You Come To A Fork In The Road, Take It', Charles J. Russo
Charles J. Russo
As expansive as the Supreme Court’s view of the First Amendment religion clauses has been, its jurisprudence has demonstrated that its rulings do not always achieve the outcomes desired by proponents of religious freedom.3 From the perspective of supporters of religious freedom, this realization lends credence to the preceding wry comment by Justice Scalia. This article details the Court’s inconsistent treatment of Christianity, and people of faith broadly, especially in educational settings. These inconsistent judicial outcomes run the risk of increasingly marginalizing matters of faith and conscience in the public square.4 As discussed in this article, disputes over the status …
Reutter’S The Law Of Public Education, Charles J. Russo
Reutter’S The Law Of Public Education, Charles J. Russo
Charles J. Russo
This textbook-casebook incorporates recent developments in education law into its conceptual framework by offering updated analysis of major topics in education law. With new material in all of its sixteen chapters, the book includes significant updates on church-state relations, employee rights, and student rights.
Religious Freedom In Faith-Based Educational Institutions In The Wake Of 'Obergefell V. Hodges': Believers Beware, Charles J. Russo
Religious Freedom In Faith-Based Educational Institutions In The Wake Of 'Obergefell V. Hodges': Believers Beware, Charles J. Russo
Charles J. Russo
Solicitor General Donald Verrilli’s fateful words, uttered in response to a question posed by Justice Samuel Alito during oral arguments in Obergefell v. Hodges,2 likely sent chills up the spines of leaders in faith-based educational institutions, from pre-schools to universities. In Obergefell, a bare majority of the Supreme Court legalized same-sex unions in the United States. Verrilli’s words, combined with the outcome in Obergefell, have a potentially chilling effect on religious freedom. The decision does not only impact educational institutions—the primary focus of this article—but also a wide array of houses of worship. Other religiously affiliated …
The Law Of Public Education, Charles J. Russo
The Law Of Public Education, Charles J. Russo
Charles J. Russo
This textbook-casebook incorporates recent developments in education law into its conceptual framework by offering updated analysis of major topics in education law. With new material in all of its sixteen chapters, the book includes significant updates on church-state relations, employee rights, and student rights. There are now two chapters on student rights. The author also includes Supreme Court opinions on strip searches of students, teacher bargaining and free speech rights.
Religious Freedom In A Brave New World: How Leaders In Faith-Based Schools Can Follow Their Beliefs In Hiring, Charles J. Russo
Religious Freedom In A Brave New World: How Leaders In Faith-Based Schools Can Follow Their Beliefs In Hiring, Charles J. Russo
Charles J. Russo
A confluence of litigation at the Supreme Court raises important, yet potentially conflicting, questions about the freedom of employers in religious schools1 to hire teachers and staff members. On the one hand, in Hosanna-Tabor v. Equal Employment Opportunities Commission,2 a unanimous Court reasoned that the ministerial exception granted religious leaders alone the authority to choose who is qualified to teach in their schools. On the other hand, the Court’s rulings on same sex-unions seem to be ushering in a brave new world. For example, in United States v. Windsor,3 the Court struck down the Defense of Marriage Act thereby requiring …
'Mergens V. Westside Community Schools' At Twenty-Five And 'Christian Legal Society V. Martinez': From Live And Let Live To My Way Or The Highway?, Charles J. Russo
'Mergens V. Westside Community Schools' At Twenty-Five And 'Christian Legal Society V. Martinez': From Live And Let Live To My Way Or The Highway?, Charles J. Russo
Charles J. Russo
The United States Congress passed the Equal Access Act (EAA)1 and forwarded it to President Ronald W. Reagan, who signed it into law on August 11, 1984.2 The EAA was enacted in response to Widmar v. Vincent, 3 a 1980 Supreme Court case from higher education where the Justices ushered in a renaissance of sorts in religious liberty. In Widmar, treating religious expression as a subset of free speech,4 the Court ruled that officials at a state university in Missouri could not deny a Christian group access to institutional facilities so long as the university permitted other organizations to meet …
Tears In Heaven: Religiously And Culturally Sensitive Laws For Preventing The Next Pandemic, Eloisa C. Rodriguez-Dod, Aileen Maria Marty, Elena Maria Marty-Nelson
Tears In Heaven: Religiously And Culturally Sensitive Laws For Preventing The Next Pandemic, Eloisa C. Rodriguez-Dod, Aileen Maria Marty, Elena Maria Marty-Nelson
Eloisa C Rodríguez-Dod
This Article argues that laws created to curtail the spread of deadly contagious diseases need to be drafted and implemented in ways that maximize acceptance of an affected communities’ cultural and religious beliefs. When laws are put in place that are inconsistent with community mores, the overall goal of stopping an epidemic is threatened. Communities often distrust government and other relief organizations who mandate rules and regulations that impinge their religious and cultural beliefs; thus, these regulations geared at helping communities can paradoxically undermine the goal of preventing the spread of infectious disease. This Article focuses on the need for …
Is Religion A Non-Negotiable Aspect Of Liberal Constitutionalism?, Bruce Ledewitz
Is Religion A Non-Negotiable Aspect Of Liberal Constitutionalism?, Bruce Ledewitz
Bruce Ledewitz