Law Commons^™

There is an incredible increase in earthquake activity in traditionally non-seismically active states, such as Oklahoma, Kansas, Texas, and Ohio. In fact, Oklahoma has surpassed California to become the most seismically active state in the United States. Over the last five years, many researchers have pointed to a correlation between seismic activity and certain oil and gas operations, such as wastewater fluid injection and hydraulic fracturing. Oil and gas companies, state regulatory agencies, and local and state governments are unsure of how to proceed given that most of this activity is occurring in states with a strong and economically vested …

By 2015, the United States is poised to overtake the world’s current top producer of natural gas, Russia, due to the abundance of American shale gas, located in plays such as the now-familiar Marcellus Shale, which encompasses parts of New York, Pennsylvania, and certain Appalachian states and the Barnett Shale, located in North Texas. The recent rise in shale gas development is due mostly to the combination of horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing (also referred to as fracing, fracking, and hydrofracking) technologies. The combination of these separate, but established, technologies allows for economic shale gas production. This Article describes these …

As this country searches for reliable energy sources in the face of political, technological, and environmental challenges, development of the Marcellus Shale in Pennsylvania has expanded rapidly in recent years. The Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection ("PaDEP" or "Department") issued 3,314 permits for Marcellus wells in 2010, and 1,446 Marcellus wells were drilled in 2010, up from 795 drilled in 2009. Of the 71,000 active gas wells in Pennsylvania,however, only 3.5% are Marcellus wells. This article will review the interrelationships among Marcellus Shale development in Pennsylvania, water resources of the Commonwealth, and the evolving regulatory regimes that manage the drilling …