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Constitutional Law - Courts-Martial - Power Of Congress To Provide For Military Jurisdiction Over Civilian Dependents, Gerald M. Smith
Constitutional Law - Courts-Martial - Power Of Congress To Provide For Military Jurisdiction Over Civilian Dependents, Gerald M. Smith
Michigan Law Review
Defendants, civilian wives of servicemen living overseas, were tried and convicted of murder by military court-martial under article 118 of the Uniform Code of Military Justice. Their trials took place in the countries where they were living with their husbands. Defendants brought petitions for a writ of habeas corpus challenging the constitutionality of article 2(11) of the Uniform Code authorizing their trials by court-martial. Initially the United States Supreme Court rejected this contention. On rehearing, held, reversed, two justices dissenting. The guarantee of the right to jury trial contained in article 3, section 2, and the guarantees of the …
Federal Civil Jurisdiction Of Military Justice, Chester B. Gynn Jr.
Federal Civil Jurisdiction Of Military Justice, Chester B. Gynn Jr.
Cleveland State Law Review
Control exercised by the federal civil courts over courts-martial differs from that found in other types of cases involving the relation of federal and state courts. The federal civil courts are constitutional courts; the military courts are administrative courts established by Congress and empowered by the Constitution; while state courts receive their power from entirely different sovereigns. Thus, to determine the powers of review which federal civil courts have over courts-martial, reference must be made almost exclusively to cases involving courts-martial.