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Full-Text Articles in Law
International Law-Treaty Provisions Dealing With The Status Of Pre-War Bilateral Treaties, Stanley T. Lesser S.Ed.
International Law-Treaty Provisions Dealing With The Status Of Pre-War Bilateral Treaties, Stanley T. Lesser S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
"The effect of war upon the existing treaties of belligerents is one of the unsettled problems of the law." At one time, writers on international law felt that war, ipso facto, abrogated all bilateral treaties between the combatants, with the exception of those treaties especially designed to regulate the conduct of hostilities. The modern trend is to a more flexible approach; the courts attempt to discern the intention of the parties at the time they concluded the treaty or deal with the problem pragmatically, preserving or annulling the treaties as the necessities of war exact. Disagreement persists, however, and it …
Citizenship-Expatriation-Distinction Between Naturalized And Natural Born Citizens, Gordon I. Ginsberg S.Ed.
Citizenship-Expatriation-Distinction Between Naturalized And Natural Born Citizens, Gordon I. Ginsberg S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
Plaintiff's father, a native of Germany, was naturalized in the United States in 1896. In 1901, he returned to Germany with his American wife, and plaintiff was born in that country in 1905. Plaintiff made occasional visits to the United States, but was at all times domiciled in Germany. He served in the German army during World War II. In 1947, upon refusal of his application for a passport as a citizen of the United States, he came to this country on a temporary visa and brought a declaratory judgment action for adjudication that he was a citizen. The trial …
Conflicts Of Law-Negotiable Instruments-Situs Of Bearer Bonds, Paul M.D. Harrison S.Ed.
Conflicts Of Law-Negotiable Instruments-Situs Of Bearer Bonds, Paul M.D. Harrison S.Ed.
Michigan Law Review
By a Vesting Order, the Alien Property Custodian vested in the Attorney General property of an enemy alien which consisted of a "certain debt or other obligation" underlying bonds issued by the defendant corporation. The defendant corporation was ordered to cancel the said bonds and deliver the proceeds of the redemption and accrued interest to the Attorney General. Upon the trial of the action brought by the Attorney General to enforce these demands, it appeared in evidence that the bond certificates had last been located in the Russian sector of Berlin, Germany, and were there seized by the occupying authorities. …
Habeas Corpus-Jurisdiction Of Federal Courts To Review Jurisdiction Of Military Tribunals When The Prisoner Is Physically Confined Outside The United States, Willis B. Snell S. Ed.
Habeas Corpus-Jurisdiction Of Federal Courts To Review Jurisdiction Of Military Tribunals When The Prisoner Is Physically Confined Outside The United States, Willis B. Snell S. Ed.
Michigan Law Review
The question of the power of federal courts to issue the writ of habeas corpus for a prisoner confined outside the territorial United States has not as yet been completely answered. Until recently, there were few instances in which anyone was confined outside the United States under the authority of the United States. However, during and since World War II, American military tribunals have exercised power over citizens and aliens, civilians and military personnel, in many parts of the world, and especially in Germany and Japan. Because of this extended use of military tribunals, the question of the power of …
Habeas Corpus-Jurisdiction Of Federal Courts To Review Jurisdiction Of Military Tribunals When The Prisoner Is Physically Confined Outside The United States, Willis B. Snell S. Ed.
Habeas Corpus-Jurisdiction Of Federal Courts To Review Jurisdiction Of Military Tribunals When The Prisoner Is Physically Confined Outside The United States, Willis B. Snell S. Ed.
Michigan Law Review
The question of the power of federal courts to issue the writ of habeas corpus for a prisoner confined outside the territorial United States has not as yet been completely answered. Until recently, there were few instances in which anyone was confined outside the United States under the authority of the United States. However, during and since World War II, American military tribunals have exercised power over citizens and aliens, civilians and military personnel, in many parts of the world, and especially in Germany and Japan. Because of this extended use of military tribunals, the question of the power of …
Calvocoressi: Nuremberg: The Facts, The Law, And The Consequences, Michigan Law Review
Calvocoressi: Nuremberg: The Facts, The Law, And The Consequences, Michigan Law Review
Michigan Law Review
A Review of NUREMBERG: THE FACTS, THE LAW, AND THE CONSEQUENCES. By Peter Calvocoressi.
Legal Liability For War Damage, John Hanna
Legal Liability For War Damage, John Hanna
Michigan Law Review
This article considers some of the rules for determining liability for economic loss in respect of war claims, especially as applied in connection with claims of life insurance companies for loss of premiums, of insurers of property for war risk insurance premiums, of property insurers for sums paid to foreign policyholders on war losses, and of owners seeking to recover for loss of expected profits. The rules discussed are broadly applicable to international claims in general.
"Enemy" Under The Trading With The Enemy Act And Some Problems Of International Law, Samuel Anatole Lourie
"Enemy" Under The Trading With The Enemy Act And Some Problems Of International Law, Samuel Anatole Lourie
Michigan Law Review
When the United States entered this war and even before, it was evident that the measures and definitions of the Trading with the Enemy Act of October 6, 1917, were obsolete instruments with which to cope, in economic and psychological warfare, with such dangerous enemies as the Axis, particularly Germany. Germany's preparations and planning for the war date back two decades, but took on intensified and conspicuous form only after the access of the Nazis to power.
In all types of warfare numerous weapons, devices and means are openly or secretly used. "Camouflage" is not the exclusive domain of military …
The Trading With The Enemy Act, Samuel Anatole Lourie
The Trading With The Enemy Act, Samuel Anatole Lourie
Michigan Law Review
The purpose of this paper is to discuss two aspects of the Trading with the Enemy Act of October 6, 1917: (1) The evolution of the T.E.A. through legislative enactments and executive orders; (2) Some problems of constitutional and administrative law raised by the last amendment to the act.
Conflict Of Laws-Refugee Government Property Conservation Decrees In The Courts Of The United States, Robert D. Ulrich
Conflict Of Laws-Refugee Government Property Conservation Decrees In The Courts Of The United States, Robert D. Ulrich
Michigan Law Review
In the Feuchtwanger case, a French government decree of April 24, 1940, as amended May 10, 1940, defined as prohibited exportation of capital "the acts of allowing to remain outside of French territory, or keeping in foreign exchange or foreign currencies, or of not collecting within the territories fixed by decree or instruction of the Minister of Finance, all or part of the proceeds of the exportation of merchandise, or of the remuneration for services, as well as all or part of all proceeds or income abroad."
In May 1939, plaintiff, then a resident of France, purchased a number of …
Constitutional Law-Saboteurs And The Jurisdiction Of Military Commissions, George T. Schilling
Constitutional Law-Saboteurs And The Jurisdiction Of Military Commissions, George T. Schilling
Michigan Law Review
The jurisdiction of military tribunals in the United States has troubled political and legal writers since the days of the Revolution. Decided cases are not numerous. The boundaries separating military and civil jurisdiction are not precise. Observations of the plight of oppressed peoples in other lands as well as the conception of total war and the course of action necessary for survival warrant a reexamination and reappraisal of our constitutional guarantees, which were in part based upon and reflect a fear of tyrannical military rule. A pronouncement of the Supreme Court of the United States in this field is, therefore, …
Neutral Convoys In Law And Practice, Benjamin Akzin
Neutral Convoys In Law And Practice, Benjamin Akzin
Michigan Law Review
The following study, based on law and past practice, aims at clarifying the status of neutral convoys in relation to the problem of convoying American supplies to Great Britain in the present war as it stood under the Neutrality Act of 1939. The question at issue touches both upon international law and American constitutional law. Both these aspects are investigated in the following pages.
Judicial Attitudes In The Customs-Union Case, Robert Elden Mathews
Judicial Attitudes In The Customs-Union Case, Robert Elden Mathews
Michigan Law Review
The World Court decision of last September in the Austro-German Customs case has given rise in many quarters to an attack upon the Court itself.
The criticism has not been based solely upon the eight-to-seven vote of the judges. We have too many one-man majorities in our own judiciary to find much concern there. But the alignment of nationalities from which the two groups of judges come has been the source of the greatest adverse comment. For it so happens that the majority, holding illegal the proposed Customs Union, was composed of judges many of whose nations were opposed to …
Treaties-Effect Of War On Commercial Treaties
Treaties-Effect Of War On Commercial Treaties
Michigan Law Review
The Sophie Rickmers, a German merchant vessel registered at Hamburg and owned by a German corporation with principal place of business there, entered New York Sept. 27, 1921. Upon its entry a tonnage duty of fifty cents per ton was collected under U. S. Rev. Stat. sec. 4219 as amended by 19 Stat. 250 (46 U. S. C. A. 121), and sec. ,4225 (46 U. S. C. A. 128), in addition to the six-cent tonnage duty under 36 Stat. 111 (46 U. S. C. A. 121). The treaty of the United States made in 1827 with the Hanseatic Republics, 1 …
The United States And The Mandates, Quincy Wright
The United States And The Mandates, Quincy Wright
Michigan Law Review
Although the United States has not yet become a member of the League of Nations nor burdened itself with any responsibilities in regard to the mandatory system established by that instrument for the government of former German and Turkish colonies, nevertheless (1) American influence was all important in gaining acceptance of the system by the Paris Peace Conference. (2) American influence was again felt in the process of putting the system into practical operation. (3) Finally the right of America to influence the future operation of the mandates irrespective of her ultimate relation to the League of Nations has been …