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Articles 1 - 15 of 15
Full-Text Articles in Law
Decriminalizing The Marijuana User: A Drafter's Guide, Richard J. Bonnie
Decriminalizing The Marijuana User: A Drafter's Guide, Richard J. Bonnie
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
The article does not discuss the arguments in favor of decriminalization, a matter which the author' and others have covered elsewhere. Nor does the article consider the even more difficult questions involved in a legislative decision to legalize the drug and authorize its distribution for nonmedical uses. International obligations, federal law, and current political realities preclude enactment of a regulatory approach toward the availability of marijuana, including any variant of the so-called alcohol model. Although a state conceivably could repeal its laws against cultivation and distribution of marijuana, including only the federal prohibitions in effect, such an overt departure from …
The Bankruptcy Reform Process: Maximizing Judicial Control In Wage Earners' Plans, Marjorie Girth
The Bankruptcy Reform Process: Maximizing Judicial Control In Wage Earners' Plans, Marjorie Girth
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
This article examines the effort to maximize judicial control over the bankruptcy process and its impact on H.R. 8200's procedural requirements for the nonbusiness bankruptcy option known currently as the wage earners' plan. As background, it describes the present nonbusiness bankruptcy options and the statutory procedures for monitoring confirmed wage earners' plans. Then, using illustrative samples from three years of cases in the Buffalo region of the Western District of New York, it assesses whether present plans are being administered in accordance with the statutory formalities. The economic incentives which affect creditors' behavior in taking advantage of their opportunities to …
Penalizing Bribery Of Foreign Officials Through The Tax Laws: A Case For Repealing Section 162 (C)(1), Christopher Alan Lewis
Penalizing Bribery Of Foreign Officials Through The Tax Laws: A Case For Repealing Section 162 (C)(1), Christopher Alan Lewis
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
Most commentary on these congressional attempts to use tax laws to control the ethics of overseas enterprises has centered either on the effectiveness of these provisions or on the burdens and difficulties involved with their implementation. This article, while discussing these issues, is concerned primarily with the conceptual justifications and the direct economic effects of these tax provisions. The article contends that section 162(c)(1) and the pertinent provisions of the Tax Reform Act of 1976 are disguised penalties which often operate arbitrarily and unfairly and concludes that they should be repealed in favor of more equitable and effective deterrents.
Employee Stock Ownership Plans, Voting Rights, And Plant Closings, Jonathan Barry Forman
Employee Stock Ownership Plans, Voting Rights, And Plant Closings, Jonathan Barry Forman
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
After examining the structure and tax consequences of ESOPs, this note will argue that ESOPs should guarantee employees full voting rights over securities transferred to them under such plans. This note will also propose that ESOPs can be used in employee takeovers of corporations as part of a plan to help prevent plant closings.
Marital Agreements In Contemplation Of Divorce, Barbara Klarman
Marital Agreements In Contemplation Of Divorce, Barbara Klarman
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
Romantic notions that marriage is forever are beginning to give way to the more realistic assessments that marriages indeed may not last. The pressure has been mounting for ways to provide economic planning to parties in the relatively likely event that their marriages terminate in divorce. The purpose of this article is to focus on one method of obtaining such planning: the marital agreement setting forth the support and property distribution which the parties would follow in the event of divorce. This article will review the law regarding marital agreements in contemplation of divorce as it exists in the United …
Efts: Consumer Protection Under The Ucc, Susan E. Jinnett
Efts: Consumer Protection Under The Ucc, Susan E. Jinnett
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
In view of the economic significance of the payments system, the laws governing it must be equitable and comprehensive. The development of the commercial law applicable to EFTS's, however, currently lags behind the growth of these systems. Threats to the integrity of EFTS's stem from lost, stolen, or forged access cards, illegal taps into communication lines, physical impairment of the equipment, or improper programming. The legal rights and liabilities of consumers where the integrity of an EFTS has been breached remains unclear, in part because the status of EFTS's under current law is uncertain. The rights of the parties involved …
Punitive Damages Under Section 102 Of The Labor-Management Reporting And Disclosure Act, S. Thomas Wienner
Punitive Damages Under Section 102 Of The Labor-Management Reporting And Disclosure Act, S. Thomas Wienner
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
It is firmly established that in a suit brought under section 102, a union member may ordinarily recover compensatory damages for any injury proximately caused by a violation of Title I or section 609. The courts are divided, however, on the question of whether a plaintiff may be awarded punitive damages under section 102. This article will address that question by discussing the language and the legislative history of section 102, the conflicting decisions of the federal courts, and the relevant policy considerations.
Legislative Notes: The Economic Impact Disclosure Act, William F. Flynn
Legislative Notes: The Economic Impact Disclosure Act, William F. Flynn
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
While the traditional concern with agency discretion is that agency decision-making will be biased in favor of the regulated industries, agencies are also criticized for failing to investigate the impact of their policies on the regulated client and the resulting cost to consumers. This failure prevents the agency from responding adequately to the legitimate interests of either the business community or consumers. This note examines a recently developed procedure designed to improve the agency decisionmaking process by requiring economic prediction of the effect which agency activities will have prior to agency action.
In particular, this note examines three issues. Part …
State Legislative Responses To The Arab Boycott Of Israel, Maurice Portley
State Legislative Responses To The Arab Boycott Of Israel, Maurice Portley
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
The Arab boycott of Israel confronts the American business community with difficult ethical and political decisions. Six states, led by New York, have quietly enacted anti boycott laws designed to prevent economic trade opportunities with the Middle East from encouraging discrimination within their borders. The laws seek to prohibit the discriminatory effects of the boycott, which indicates that the Arab-Israeli conflict is not limited to military weapons or confined to the nations of the Middle East. More importantly, the states' responses signal a growing awareness that the federal government is unwilling to handle the complex moral, political, economic, and legal …
The Impact Of The Foia On Nlrb Discovery Procedures, Del Dillingham
The Impact Of The Foia On Nlrb Discovery Procedures, Del Dillingham
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
A prerequisite to filing a suit under the FOIA is the exhaustion of administrative remedies; in an unfair labor practice hearing, this means petitioning the Board for discovery. The increase in the number of suits against the Board under the FOIA demonstrates a growing dissatisfaction with the Board's discovery procedures. This article will discuss the impact of the FOIA on the Board's policies and practices and will examine various factors which must be considered in applying the Act to the NLRB.
Tort Liability Of Labor Unions For Picket Line Assaults, David R. Case
Tort Liability Of Labor Unions For Picket Line Assaults, David R. Case
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
This article will discuss whether tort actions against unions for picket line assaults are preempted by the National Labor Relations Act, and if not preempted, what forums are available to hear such actions. This article will also examine the theories that have been used to hold unions liable for the assaults committed by their picketers. Included in this discussion will be an analysis of the policy considerations offered in support of the various theories of liability.
A Uniform Comparative Fault Act--What Should It Prove?, John W. Wade
A Uniform Comparative Fault Act--What Should It Prove?, John W. Wade
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
The Committee has determined to treat the resultant delay as serendipitous and to use it for the purpose of improving the Act and presenting it in the best shape possible. To this end, as the Chairman of the Special Committee, I have prepared this presentation for publication. The presentation is intended to serve two purposes: (1) to provide for the legal profession information as to the present status of the Act, and the provisions it now carries, and (2) to solicit criticisms and suggestions for improvement from interested persons.
I am therefore presenting here the Uniform Comparative Fault Act in …
National League Of Cities V. Usery: Its Implications For The Equal Pay Act And The Age Discrimination In Employment Act, Ellen B. Spellman
National League Of Cities V. Usery: Its Implications For The Equal Pay Act And The Age Discrimination In Employment Act, Ellen B. Spellman
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
In National League of Cities v. Usery, the Supreme Court invalidated the application of the FLSA minimum wage and maximum hours provisions to certain essential state government activities as an unconstitutional intrusion on state sovereignty. This article will explore the implications of that decision with respect to the application of the EPA and the ADEA to state and local governments.
Part I contains a brief discussion of the Fair Labor Standards Act and Amendments. Part II discusses National League with reference to traditional commerce clause interpretation. Part III analyzes the difficulties of applying the decision, particularly the problem of …
Legislative Notes: Metallic Mining And Reclamation In Michigan: Environmental Management As A Gentler Approach, John C. Dernbach
Legislative Notes: Metallic Mining And Reclamation In Michigan: Environmental Management As A Gentler Approach, John C. Dernbach
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
A great deal has been said and written about the need for meaningful reclamation requirements for the surface mining of coal. Nonetheless, little attention has been given to the large quantity of land disturbed by mining for other minerals. Thirty-eight states have laws dealing directly with reclamation from a wide variety of mining operations . For purposes of this note, reclamation refers to those measures taken concurrently with or after the mining operation to reduce or repair the adverse effects of the operation on disrupted land . Environmental management is a much broader term which encompasses the full range of …
Reprisal Discharges Of Union Officials, Alan V. Reuther
Reprisal Discharges Of Union Officials, Alan V. Reuther
University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform
Usually union officers and employees are also members of their union. The dual status of officer-members and employee-members places them in a unique situation under the LMRDA. As union members, they are entitled to the rights enumerated in Title I. As union officers and employees, however, they serve at the pleasure of their superiors. This situation raises the question whether officer- and employee-members have a cause of action under the LMRDA when they are discharged in retaliation for exercising rights protected under Title 1. Resolution of this question depends upon whether or not such reprisal discharges violate the provisions of …