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Legal Writing and Research

2001

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Footnote Citations?, K.K. Duvivier May 2001

Footnote Citations?, K.K. Duvivier

Sturm College of Law: Faculty Scholarship

Let's face it-legal citations can interrupt the flow of sentences and make them harder to read. In comparison, the widely used Modem Language Association documentation style recommends short parenthetical citations in text that direct readers to a list of authorities at the end: for example, "(Gilli- gan 105)."Another format commonly used in history, art history, and other disciplines is that of the Chicago Manual of Style. The Chicago note style uses raised numerals in the text to refer readers to authorities in endnotes or footnotes. Although such a footnote style is predominant in law reviews, few have advocated it in …


Parallel Citations-Past And Present, K.K. Duvivier Jan 2001

Parallel Citations-Past And Present, K.K. Duvivier

Sturm College of Law: Faculty Scholarship

By quiet decree, the fifteenth edition of the Bluebook changed all of this. The convention of using parallel citations was dropped in every instance except for "state court cases in documents submitted to courts of the state that originally decided them." Parallel citations were no longer required in legal memoranda or law reviews. Furthermore, the fifteenth edition required writers to use only the West version when a single source was listed. This new rule seemed to undermine the value of official citations that traditionally came before the unofficial West versions and suggested a preference for the official source issued by …