Law Commons^™

Familiar Battles For Bioethics: Facing Off Over Transplantation, Paul A. Lombardo

Faculty Publications By Year

No abstract provided.

The Professionalism Crisis: How Bar Examiners Can Make A Difference, Clark D. Cunningham

Faculty Publications By Year

No abstract provided.

Legal Ethics And The Separation Of Law And Morals, W. Bradley Wendel

Cornell Law Faculty Publications

This paper explores the jurisprudential question of the relationship between moral values and legal norms in legal advising and counseling in the context of an analysis of the so-called torture memos prepared by lawyers in the Office of Legal Counsel in 2002. The principal claim of the paper is that the torture memos are morally bankrupt because they are legally bankrupt. The lawyers' actions were wrong from a moral point of view because the lawyers failed with respect to their obligation to treat the law with respect, not simply as an inconvenient obstacle to be planned around. The morality of …

School Desegregation 50 Years After Brown: Misconceptions, Lessons Learned, And Hopes For The Future, Gary Orfield

Center for the Study of Ethics in Society Papers

Papers presented for the Center of the Study of Ethics in Society Western Michigan University.

Unpublished Opinions And No Citation Rules In The Trial Courts, J. Thomas Sullivan

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Imputed Conflicts Of Interest In International Law Practice, Geoffrey C. Hazard Jr.

All Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

The 'Abuse Excuse' In Capital Sentencing Trials: Is It Relevant To Responsibility, Punishment, Or Neither?, Paul J. Litton

Faculty Publications

The violent criminal who was a victim of severe childhood abuse frequently appears in the responsibility literature because he presents a difficulty for theorists who maintain the compatibility of causal determinism and our practices of holding persons responsible. The challenge is based on the fact that learning about an offender's horrific childhood mitigates the indignation that many persons feel towards him, possibly indicating that they hold him less than fully responsible. Many capital defendants present evidence of suffering childhood abuse, and many jurors find this evidence to count against imposing death. The most obvious explanation for a response like this …

The Perils Of Online Legal Research: A Caveat For Diligent Counsel, J. Thomas Sullivan

Faculty Scholarship

Online legal research is emerging as a preferred tool for judges, attorneys, and lawstudents, providing a vast amount ofnearly real-time legal resources at the speed of electronic search. This article analyzes the risk of error associated with the immediacy of online opinion publishing and how the uncertainty ofaccuracy potentially compromises the litigator's ability to provide accurate advice.

Introduction – 21st Century Law, Technology And Ethics: The Lawyer’S Role As A Public Citizen Serving The Public Good, Irma S. Russell

Faculty Works

The lawyer's role as a "public citizen" also involves a duty to "seek improvement of the law." Changing technology has changed the way lawyers practice law. As public citizens lawyers have an affirmative commitment to the social goal of a just society. Ethical issues arise in the use of technology in society, and lawyers play a central role in social ordering. The idea that advocates in an adversary system have special responsibilities is not new.

Pursuing Justice For The Mentally Disabled, Grant H. Morris

University of San Diego Public Law and Legal Theory Research Paper Series

This article considers whether lawyers act as zealous advocates when they represent mentally disordered, involuntarily committed patients who wish to assert their right to refuse treatment with psychotropic medication. After discussing a study that clearly demonstrates that lawyers do not do so, the article explores the reasons for this inappropriate behavior. Michael Perlin characterizes the problem as “sanism,” which he describes as an irrational prejudice against mentally disabled persons of the same quality and character as other irrational prejudices that cause and are reflected in prevailing social attitudes of racism, sexism, homophobia, and ethnic bigotry. The article critiques Perlin’s characterization …

Corporate Ethics In The Health Care Marketplace, Lynne Dallas

University of San Diego Law and Economics Research Paper Series

Consider three examples of problematic corporate decision making: first, in 2002, employees were less likely to have employer-provided insurance than thirty years ago and the price of health care for those who do receive it is ever increasing. Second, while many employees are without health insurance, the compensation for chief executive officers and other executive officers has increased dramatically. Third, consider the well-publicized examples of corporate decisions to engage in fraudulent and unethical business practices.

These problems will not be solved by glib references to market ideology that claims markets alone adequately regulate corporate behavior. Nor will these problems be …

Navigating Troubled Waters: Dealing With Personal Values When Representing Others, Mitchell M. Simon

Law Faculty Scholarship

Legal academics have long struggled to define the appropriate role a lawyer's moral judgment ought to play in client representation. In its simplest terms, the question is: Must a lawyer be a "hired gun," seeking all lawful objectives sought by a client, or may a lawyer act independently to avoid the harm a client's actions will cause innocent parties? Following disclosure of lawyer involvement in the Savings and Loan, Enron and WorldCom failures, many in society joined those scholars calling for greater moral responsibility.

In this article, I provide an analytical approach consistent with existing law and practice that seeks …

Ethics In Large Law Firms: The Principle Of Pragmatism, Kimberly Kirkland

Law Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Ethical And Legal Standards In Social Work, Frederic G. Reamer

Faculty Publications

Social workers frequently encounter circumstances involving ethical and legal issues. In many instances, relevant ethical and legal standards complement each other; however, in some circumstances, ethical and legal standards conflict. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the relationship between U.S. ethical and legal standards in social work. The author presents a conceptually based typology of 4 types of relationships between legal and ethical standards. Case examples are included. The author concludes with a decision-making framework designed to enhance social workers' constructive management of difficult decisions involving ethical and legal standards.

Ethical And Aggressive Appellate Advocacy: Confronting Adverse Authority, J. Thomas Sullivan

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Faculty Ethics In Law School: Shirking, Capture, And "The Matrix", Jeffrey L. Harrison

UF Law Faculty Publications

The primary focus of this essay is the ethical dimension of the decisions faculty governance requires law professors to make. This essay is devoted to the proposition that conditions are ideal for most law schools to be governed for the benefit of the faculty at the expense of the welfare of students and others (stakeholders) who expect to be served by the law school. This section also suggests that faculty shirking, if it occurs, stems primarily from a lack of respect for those whom the law school serves. Section II addresses the second step. Having described shirking and capture in …

Watch Out For Whistleblowers, Leslie C. Griffin

Scholarly Works

No abstract provided.

The Federal Government Lawyer's Duty To Breach Confidentiality, James E. Moliterno

Faculty Publications

The lawyer's duty of confidentiality springs from the lawyer-client relationship and its parameters are determined by the nature of that relationship. The federal government lawyer's client is like no other. The uniqueness of representing the United States calls for a unique approach to the duty of confidentiality. Unlike the private individual client, the government as a client does not speak with a single, unmistakable voice. Unlike the private entity client, the federal government has a paramount interest in the public good, including the public's right to know about government (the entity's conduct), especially its misconduct. The result is a client …

Melville, Slavery, And The Failure Of The Judicial Process, Steven L. Winter

Law Faculty Research Publications

No abstract provided.

The Immorality Of Denial, Jonathan R. Cohen

UF Law Faculty Publications

This article is the first of a two-part series critically examining the role of lawyers in assisting clients in denying responsibility for harms they have caused. If a person injures another, the moral response is for the injurer actively to take responsibility for what he has done. In contrast, the common practice within our legal culture is for injurers to deny responsibility for harms they commit. The immoral, in other words, has become the legally normal. In this Article, Professor Cohen analyzes the moral foundations of responsibility-taking. He also explores the moral, psychological, and spiritual risks to injurers who knowingly …

Using Our Brains: What Cognitive Science And Social Psychology Teach Us About Teaching Law Students To Make Ethical, Professionally Responsible, Choices, Alan Lerner

All Faculty Scholarship

Throughout our lives, below the level of our consciousness, each of us develops values, intuitions, expectations, and needs that powerfully affect both our perceptions and our judgments. Placed in situations in which we feel threatened, or which implicate our values, our brains, relying on those implicitly learned, emotionally weighted, memories, may react automatically, without reflection or the opportunity for reflective interdiction. We can "downshift," to primitive, self-protective problem solving techniques. Because these processes operate below the radar of our consciousness, automatic, "emotional" reaction, rather than thoughtful, reasoned analysis may drive our responses to stressful questions of ethics and professional responsibility.

Corporate Misbehavior By Elite Decision-Makers Symposium - Perspectives From Law And Social Psychology: Introduction, James A. Fanto

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Objecting To Court Ordered Mediation, Jane C. Murphy

All Faculty Scholarship

Maryland judges have wide discretion to refer parties to mediate a variety of civil matters. Title 17 of the Maryland Rules, enacted in 1998, governs mediation of civil cases in the circuit courts. These rules are supplemented by Maryland Rule 9-205, which addresses mediation of child custody and visitation disputes. Although these rules define mediation and address mediator qualifications in some detail, they say very little about either a party's right to object to mediation or the court's authority to compel participation in mediation.

Given that the mediation rules are relatively new and mediation orders would generally be considered interlocutory, …

Lawyers In Cyberspace: The Impact Of Legal Listservs On The Professional Development And Ethical Decisionmaking Of Lawyers, Leslie Levin

Faculty Articles and Papers

This article explores the impact of trial lawyers= associations on the professional identities of its members, their professional development, their understanding of practice norms, and their ethical decision making. It does so by looking at the New York State Trial Lawyers= Association (ANYSTLA@), and more specifically, the conversations that occur on its listserv. When these conversations are viewed in the context of the history and current operations of NYSTLA, it is possible to see how such listservs powerfully promote shared professional values and views within NYSTLA=s membership. The listserv extends the advice networks of trial lawyers far beyond the small …

Licensing And Discipline Of Fiscal Professionals In The State Of Florida: Attorneys, Certified Public Accountants, And Real Estate Professionals, Debra Curtis

Faculty Scholarship

The purpose of this article is to compare the regulation of several professions within the state of Florida. In Florida, attorneys are self-regulated through the Florida Bar. As a branch of the Supreme Court of Florida, The Florida Bar serves as the licensing agency of attorneys within the state. Two other professions--real estate professionals and certified public accountants--in which the public also places fiscal trust and responsibility, are regulated through a different agency, the Department of Business and Professional Regulation. This article seeks to examine and explain the different methods of licensing and regulation between these professional groups and looks …

Drafting Attorneys As Fiduciaries: Fashioning An Optimal Ethical Rule For Conflicts Of Interest, Paula A. Monopoli

Faculty Scholarship

The American Bar Association recently revised the ethical rules that govern lawyers. Its Ethics 2000 Commission proposed a number of changes to the Model Rules of Professional Conduct, including revisions to the rules that affect how the profession handles conflicts of interest in the area of attorneys who draft instruments that name themselves as fiduciaries. The intersection of these changes, with their subsequent clarification by an ABA opinion issued in May 2002, has broad implications for attorneys practicing in this area. Given the increasing elderly population, the trillions of dollars that they are transferring to their baby-boomer children, and the …

Alleged Conflicts Of Interest Because Of The “Appearance Of Impropriety”, Ronald D. Rotunda

Law Faculty Articles and Research

No abstract provided.

The Vocation Of International Arbitrators, Catherine A. Rogers

Journal Articles

This Essay examines the vocation of the international arbitrator. I begin by evaluating, under sociological frameworks developed in literature on Weberian theories of the professions, how the arbitration community is organized and regulated. Arbitrators operate in a largely private and unregulated market for services, access to which is essentially controlled by what might be considered a governing cartel of the most elite arbitrators. I conclude my description with an account of how recently international arbitrators have begun to display a professional impulse, meaning efforts to present themselves as a profession to obtain the benefits of professionalization. Professional status is often …

Regulating International Arbitrators: A Functional Approach To Developing Standards Of Conduct, Catherine A. Rogers

Journal Articles

Some scholars have protested that arbitrators are subject to less exacting regulation than barbers and taxidermists. The real problem with international arbitrators, however, is not that they are subject to less regulation, but that no one agrees about how they should be regulated. The primary reason for judicial and scholarly disagreement is that, instead of a coherent theory, analysis of arbitrator conduct erroneously relies on a misleading judicial referent and a methodologic failure to separate conduct standards (meaning those norms or rules that guide arbitrators' professional conduct) from enforcement standards (meaning those narrow grounds under which an arbitral award can …

Grounding Normative Assertions: Arthur Leff's Still Irrefutable, But Incomplete, "Sez Who?" Critique, Samuel W. Calhoun

Scholarly Articles

The late Professor Arthur Leff believed that standard methods for grounding normative assertions fail to provide a solid foundation for moral judgment because none provides a satisfactory answer to what Leff called the grand 'sez who?' - a universal taunt by which a skeptic may challenge the standing/competency of the speaker to make authoritative moral assessments. Leff argued that as a matter of logic no system of morals premised in mankind alone ever could withstand the taunt. His provocative conclusion was that the only unchallengeable response to the grand 'sez who?' is God sez.

This Article demonstrates the continued relevance …