Law Commons^™

Morality Versus Slogans, Bernard Gert

Center for the Study of Ethics in Society Papers

Presented to the WMU Center for the Study of Ethics in Society, April 1, 1988.

Professional Ethics Opinion 89-3, Attorney Responsibility To Disabled Or Dysfunctional Client, David F. Forte

Law Faculty Articles and Essays

When an attorney files suit on behalf of a client and later has reason to believe the client is incompetent, what should the attorney do? Can the case be settled? Can the attorney move for the appointment of a guardian ad litem? The article is an excerpt from an ethics opinion which answers these questions.

Toward Moral Responsibility In Lawyering: Further Thoughts On The Deontological Model Of Legal Ethics, Edward J. Eberle

Law Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Surrogate Parenting And Fundamental Rights, Paul J. Denenfeld

Center for the Study of Ethics in Society Papers

This essaya originated in symposium presentations made to the WMU Center for the Study of Ethics in Society, January 20, 1989.

Surrogate Parenting: The Michigan Legislation, Lucille Taylor, Paul Denenfeld

Center for the Study of Ethics in Society Papers

Surrogate Parenting: The Michigan Legislation essays by: Lucille Taylor Paul Denenfeld. These essays originated in symposium presentations made to the WMU Center for the Study of Ethics in Society, January 20, 1989. Lucille Taylor is Majority Counsel, Michigan State Senate Paul Denenfeld is Legal Director, ACLU Fund of Michigan

Surrogate Parenting Legislation In Michigan: Background And Review, Lucille S. Taylor

Center for the Study of Ethics in Society Papers

This essay originated in symposium presentations made to the WMU Center for the Study of Ethics in Society, January 20, 1989.

Should I (Legally) Be My Brother's Keeper?, Gilbert Geis

Center for the Study of Ethics in Society Papers

Presented to the WMU Center for the Study of Ethics in Society, October 27, 1987.

Corporate Risk Management And Risk Communication In The European Community And The United States, Michael S. Baram

Faculty Scholarship

The responsibility of private firms to communicate hazard and risk information to government officials and persons at risk has emerged as one of the central features of corporate risk management in the European Community ("E.C.") and the United States ("U.S."). This function is commonly described as "risk communication."' In both the E.C. and the U.S., new legal requirements and public attitudes now promote corporate disclosure of hazard and risk information on an unprecedented scale.

Corporate risk management is a vast, complex field of activity that is largely unaddressed by commentators and unknown to the general public in both industrial societies. …

Under Advisement: Attorney Fee Forfeiture And The Supreme Court, Stacy Caplow

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Codes Of Ethics In Business, Michael Davis

Center for the Study of Ethics in Society Papers

Presented to the WMU Center for the Study of Ethics in Society, October 26, 1988.

Lawyers And Conscience, Thomas Morawetz

Faculty Articles and Papers

No abstract provided.

The Warranty Of Quality In Sale Of Goods Under The Perspective Of The American And French Law, Renaud Baguenault De Puchesse

LLM Theses and Essays

While the United States’ common law system is characterized by diversity due to each state having its own set of rules, in certain areas there are nationwide legislative attempts of unification and standardization. One such attempt is the adoption of the Uniform Commercial Code which governs the sale of goods law in the United States. The French civil law system generally differs greatly from the American system in that it is primarily based upon statutes and codes. However, the American Uniform Commercial Code and the French Civil Code provide tangible, comparable bases to assess similarities and differences between American and …

Do Professors Need Professional Ethics As Much As Doctors And Lawyers?, James W. Nickel

Center for the Study of Ethics in Society Papers

Papers Published by the Center for the Study of Ethics in Society, Western Michigan University.

Ethos And Conscience—A Rejoinder, Daniel S. Kleinberger

Faculty Scholarship

In “Wanted: An Ethos of Personal Responsibility,” Professor Kleinberger sought to prompt debate about the moral preconceptions of the legal profession. Professor Morawetz responded in his essay, “Layers and Conscience.” This article responds, commenting on Morawetz’s arguments that (1) excessive pessimism about lawyer morality is unfounded and counterproductive; (2) the public’s antipathy toward lawyers is inevitable given the role lawyers play in our society; (3) codes of ethics can and do have an uplifting influence on the morals of lawyers; and (4) law schools can and do train moral judgment.

Wanted: An Ethos Of Personal Responsibility—Why Codes Of Ethics And Schools Of Law Don't Make For Ethical Lawyers, Daniel S. Kleinberger

Faculty Scholarship

This article: (1) argues that neither codes of professional ethics nor traditional modes of law school teaching do much to produce ethical lawyers; (2) asserts that ethics codes and the presuppositions of the adversary system work to alienate lawyers from a sense of individual responsibility; (3) critiques the conceptual connection between the adversary system and codes of lawyer ethics; (4) critiques the conventional approach to teaching legal ethics in law schools; (5) invokes the approach to ethical analysis championed by the German sociologist and social theorist Max Weber; and (6) explains how that approach, coupled with traditional tools of legal …

Can Corporate Masters Afford To Become Public Servants, Marshall J. Breger

Scholarly Articles

No abstract provided.

Professional Ethics Opinion 89-1, Propriety Of Non-Lawyer Employees' Names On Letterheads And Business Cards, David F. Forte

Law Faculty Articles and Essays

A lawyer or law firm may include on its letterhead and business cards the names and titles of its nonlawyer employees, so long as the letterhead or business card describes such employees as nonlawyers.

The Corporate Attorney-Client Privilege: A Study Of The Participants, Vincent C. Alexander

Faculty Publications

Empirical research on the practical effects of the attorney-client privilege in the corporate context has been almost nonexistent. This Article seeks to help fill the gap by synthesizing traditional doctrinal analysis with the results of a survey of individuals with first-hand information about the subject: corporate attorneys, corporate management, and federal judges and magistrates. The survey, which consisted of 182 interviews in New York City, produced a broad range of information about some of the assumptions underlying the corporate privilege, the forms and processes of corporate attorney-client communications and the adjudication of privilege claims.

Through A Glass, Darkly: How The Court Sees Motions To Disqualify Criminal Defense Lawyers , Bruce A. Green

Faculty Scholarship

Although raised frequently in the lower courts, the question of what the trial judge's role is in conflict-of-interest cases has, for nearly half a century, lurked in the background of the Supreme Court's decisions concerning the scope of a criminal defendant's right to the undivided loyalty of his attorney. Last term, as its conflict-of-interest jurisprudence reached middle age, the Court had the opportunity to articulate its views on that question. In Wheat v. United States, the Court held that a trial judge has discretion to disqualify defense counsel, even over the defendant's objection, if a serious possibility for a conflict …

Lawyers As Officers Of The Court, Eugene R. Gaetke

Law Faculty Scholarly Articles

Lawyers like to refer to themselves as officers of the court. Careful analysis of the role of the lawyer within the adversarial legal system reveals the characterization to be vacuous and unduly self-laudatory. It confuses lawyers and misleads the public. The profession, therefore, should either stop using the officer of the court characterization or give meaning to it. This Article proposes certain modifications of the existing rules of professional responsibility that would bring lawyers' actual obligations more in line with those suggested by the label of officer of the court.

The Lawyer's Duty To Keep Clients Informed: Establishing A Standard Of Care In Professional Liability Actions, Gary A. Munneke

Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications

This Article will explore the problem of the attorney's duty to provide clients with adequate information to make informed decisions. It will discuss situations in which such a duty is appropriate, and suggest that a cause of action for informed consent must be limited to those fact patterns where courts have established the right of the client to make the decision. The analysis rejects establishment of a broad right of the client to control all aspects of the representation. The Article will first review the history of the development of professional liability law with particular emphasis on the medical profession, …

Heaven Help The Lawyer For A Civil Liar, Steven H. Goldberg

Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications

In April of 1987, the American Bar Association's Standing Committee on Ethics and Professional Responsibility issued Formal Opinion 87-353. Influenced by the problem of a criminal defendant's potential perjury, as discussed in Nix v. Whiteside, the Formal Opinion focuses on subsection 3.3(a)(2) of Model Rule 3.3, rather than on subsection 3.3(a)(4). As a result, the Opinion advises all lawyers — civil and criminal — who know that their clients will lie to the jury, to “disclose the client's intention to testify falsely to the tribunal,” unless they can withdraw from the representation or prohibit the prospective lie. It advises lawyers …

The Professional Ethics Of Individualism And Tragedy In Martin Arrowsmith's Expedition To St. Hubert, Thomas L. Shaffer

Journal Articles

Sinclair Lewis (1885-1951) was a resolute critic of pretension in American business and in the professions. His only hero story is the story of a physician and research scientist, Arrowsmith (1925).' It is a story that puts up for examination Lewis's prescription for a moral life in the professions in America and, beyond that, it shows what professional life is like. I want to argue here that (1) although the story is useful for lawyers and for legal ethics, Lewis's principal moral prescription, a brief for individualism in professional life, is incoherent. The ethic of individualism, as Lewis grounds it, …

The Lawyer’S Professional Independence: Memories, Aspirations, And Realities, Roger C. Cramton

Cornell Law Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The Pervasive Method Of Teaching Ethics, David T. Link

Journal Articles

The law school curriculum at Notre Dame is based on a two-faceted mission statement that the faculty developed in 1974. Moral values are central to both facets: (1) to be an outstanding teaching school that prepares competent and compassionate attorneys whose decisions are guided by the values and morality that Notre Dame represents; (2) to promote leading contributions to the development of the law, the system of justice, the legal profession, and legal education, through faculty scholarship and institutional projects that embody important qualities of the Notre Dame value system. We intend to dedicate as much intensity to sensitizing our …

Should A Christian Lawyer Serve The Guilty?, Thomas L. Shaffer

Journal Articles

People who teach or practice law are in some ways like public executioners or the Air Force officers who watch over the buttons that will send nuclear missiles into action: Other people, ordinary people, want to know what we do to overcome what seem to ordinary people to be moral obstacles to doing what we do.

What ordinary people say to lawyers, and what my students say when they first come to law school, when they are still more ordinary people than they are law students, is this: How can lawyers lend their skills and talents to the representation of …

Character And Community: Rispetto As A Virtue In The Tradition Of Italian-American Lawyers, Thomas L. Shaffer, Mary M. Shaffer

Journal Articles

Our project is to contemplate a discrete piece of applied ethics in the American legal profession, a piece of what one might call Italian-American legal ethics. We propose to describe a moral value for which we will use the Italian word rispetto. Our understanding of rispetto is that it is a virtue, a good habit, through which the person learns, practices, teaches, and remembers his place within the family. We will argue here that the practice of this virtue will allow a modern lawyer to be in and of his or her civic and professional community without loss of dignity …

Less Suffering When You're Warned: A Response To Professor Lewis, Thomas L. Shaffer

Journal Articles

Professor Lewis' comment is a lucid brief for warning clients that their lawyers have moral limits. It begins with a generous description of the discussion Professor Freedman and I had on the subject of moral limits. I am able, as a result, to summarize the exchanges quickly: Professor Freedman's original proposition, in these pages, was that once the lawyer-client relationship is in place, it is immoral for the lawyer to refuse to seek the client's legal objectives; it is immoral for the lawyer to invoke her own conscience to prevent the client from obtaining what the law allows the client …